金沙发电厂机组故障录波装置的软件开发及研究
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摘要
论文根据发电机组故障特点，结合故障录波的相关国标和部标，制定了对大型机组故障录波的基本要求对录波记录格式、记录时间等主要技术指标作了规定。
制定了软件系统结构，确定了数据采集及处理装置的软件开发平台为IRMX for WINDOWS实时多任务操作系统，分析机软件基于WINDOWS操作系统。在人机界面进行录波的系统参数，启动量的整定，分析选择和输出结果，非常方便。用VC++语言编制了程序。
录波数据的记录格式采用IEEE的COMTRADE标准。利用该标准记录数据中的冗余量，进行压缩是一新思路，对无损压缩和有损压缩进行了大量仿真，采用信号源符号1Byte的自适应二阶算术编码无损压缩法，使远传数据压缩率可达72％，解决了录波数据远传中数据量大、传送时间长、成功率低的难题。
详细研究了发电机定子绕组单相接地和失磁过程的电气量关系。在此基础上，首次提出用录波数据进行故障诊断，确定接地点在定子绕组上的位置，分析失磁全过程，有创新、有实用价值。
录波装置样机已在贵州金沙发电厂投入生产运行，效果良好。
In ths thesis, the basic requirernen and softwaxe systeIn trictUre of large-sized
generatOr fault recorder are presenied according to the fault feAn of large-sized gertr.
The softWare developing Studio is selected and the soforare is been programmed by VC++.
The data comPession technology is researched, and the PrOblem is solved Which qUanties
of fault recording data are huge and the sending time is long. The transmission success
ratio is boroved greatly.
The electrical relation of single phase-earth fault of generator Stator windings is
ndied in detail, and the process of generator losing magnetism faul is also discussed.
Based on the result, fault diagnostication according tO fault recording data and locating the
fault position of StatOr windings are p[It forward for the firSt time, it is irmovative and
Practical.
The fault recorder based on the thesis has been successfully PrOduced, and it is
operating and working well.
制定了软件系统结构，确定了数据采集及处理装置的软件开发平台为IRMX for WINDOWS实时多任务操作系统，分析机软件基于WINDOWS操作系统。在人机界面进行录波的系统参数，启动量的整定，分析选择和输出结果，非常方便。用VC++语言编制了程序。
录波数据的记录格式采用IEEE的COMTRADE标准。利用该标准记录数据中的冗余量，进行压缩是一新思路，对无损压缩和有损压缩进行了大量仿真，采用信号源符号1Byte的自适应二阶算术编码无损压缩法，使远传数据压缩率可达72％，解决了录波数据远传中数据量大、传送时间长、成功率低的难题。
详细研究了发电机定子绕组单相接地和失磁过程的电气量关系。在此基础上，首次提出用录波数据进行故障诊断，确定接地点在定子绕组上的位置，分析失磁全过程，有创新、有实用价值。
录波装置样机已在贵州金沙发电厂投入生产运行，效果良好。
In ths thesis, the basic requirernen and softwaxe systeIn trictUre of large-sized
generatOr fault recorder are presenied according to the fault feAn of large-sized gertr.
The softWare developing Studio is selected and the soforare is been programmed by VC++.
The data comPession technology is researched, and the PrOblem is solved Which qUanties
of fault recording data are huge and the sending time is long. The transmission success
ratio is boroved greatly.
The electrical relation of single phase-earth fault of generator Stator windings is
ndied in detail, and the process of generator losing magnetism faul is also discussed.
Based on the result, fault diagnostication according tO fault recording data and locating the
fault position of StatOr windings are p[It forward for the firSt time, it is irmovative and
Practical.
The fault recorder based on the thesis has been successfully PrOduced, and it is
operating and working well.
引文
[1] 许宪章，交流电机的绕组理论，北京：机械工业出版社，1995
[2] 屠黎明等，基于绕组函数的凸极同步电机电感参数计算，电力系统自动化，2000，4
[3] Megahed A I, Malik O P. Synchronous Generator Internal Fault Computation and Experimental Verification IEE Proceedings Generation Transmission and Distribution, 1998.145(5)
[4] 王维俭等，大型机组继电保护理论基础，北京：水利电力出版社，1989
[5] 贺益康，交流电机的计算机仿真，北京：科学出版社，1990
[6] 高景德，王祥衍，李发海，交流电机及其系统的分析，北京：清华大学出版社，1993
[7] 周德贵，巩北宇，同步发电机运行技术与实践，北京：中国电力出版社，1995
[8] 王维俭，电气主设备继电保护原理及应用，北京：中国电力出版社，1996
[9] 张旭东，不同原理的发电机失磁保护误动分析与改进，电力系统自动化，1999，6
[10] 王维俭，刘俊宏，大型发电机中性点接地方式选择，电网技术，1995第2期
[11] 王维俭，刘俊宏，大型发电机中性点接地方式与定子接地保护灵敏度关系的分析计算，电力自动化设备，1995，第3期
[12] 李振华，王维俭，单元件发电机内部短路保护的研究，电力自动化设备，1994，第2期
[13] 史史文，大机组继电保护，北京：水利电力出版社，1987
[14] Roemish W R, Wall E T. A. New synchronous Generator Out-of-step Relay Scheme IEEE PAS. 1985, 104 (3)
[15] Taylor CW, etc A New Out-of-step with Rate of Change of Apparent Resistance Augmentation IEEE PAS, 1983, 102 (3)
[16] 李玉梅等，三次谐波式定子接地保护几个问题的探讨，电力自动化设备，1993第1期
[17] 王维俭等，岩滩电站 SF302．5-80／17000发电机内部短路计算及保护灵敏度分析，电力自动化设备，1990，第1期
[18] 张龙照等，同步电机定子绕组内部故障规律探讨，电工技术学报，1991，第1期
[19] 屠黎明等，同步电机定子绕组内部故障分析方法，电力系统自动化，1999，21
[20] 伍叶凯，发电机定子匝间短路保护方案的研究，电网技术，1998，9
[21] 贾志东等，发电机定子绝缘老化特征的研究，电网技术，2000，4
[22] 屠黎明等，汽轮发电机内部故障回路参数的计算方法，电力系统自动化，1998，16
[23] Rhudy R G, Snively H D, White J C. Performance of Synchronous Machines Operating with Unbalanced Armature Windings. IEEE Trans on EC, 1988, 3 (2):6～18
[24] 侯煦光，杨顺义，汽轮发电机定子绕组开焊故障的计算分析，电站设备自动化，19819(3)：6～18
[25] 王维俭，大型汽轮机发电机内部短路保护的定值分析，继电器，1980 (4)
[26] 王祥衍，发电机内部短路分析研究最新进展，电力系统自动化，1999，23(11)：10～12
[27] Nyamusa T A, Demerdash N A, Transient Analysis of Partial Armature Short-Circuit in an Electronically Magnetic Field-Network Model. In: IEEE/PES Winter Meeting. New York (USA):1986
[28] Megahed A I, Malik O P. Synchronous Generator Internal Fault Computation and Experimental Verification. IEE Proceedings——Generation, Transmission and Distribution, 1998, 145 (5):604～610
[29] Fudeh H R, Ong C M. Modeling and Analysis of Induction Machines Containing Space Harmonics, Part Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ. IEEE Trans on EC, 1983, 102 (8) :2608～2628
[30] Davat B, Ren Z, Lajoie-Mazenc M. The Movement in Field Modeling. IEEE Trans on Magnetic, 1985, 21 (6):2296～2298
[31] Kuling T S, Buchley G W, Lambtecht D, et al. A New Approach to Determine Transient Winding and Damper Currents in Case of Internal and External Faults and Abnormal Operation, Part Ⅰ: Fundamentals. In: IEEE/PES Winter Meeting. New Orleans (USA): 1986
[32] 屠黎明，同步发电机定子绕组内部故障分析方法及其应用的研究：[博士学位论文]， 南京：东南大学。1999
[33] A. G, Phadke, A Microcomputer Based Symmetrical Component Distance Relay, 1979 Power Industry Computer Application Sconference
[34] M. S. Sachdev, M. A. Baribeav, A New Alcorithm for Digital Impedance Relay, IEEE Pas Vol-98. No. 6, 1979
[35] A. G. Phadky Fellow, A New Measurement Technique for Traching Voltage Phasor, Localsystem Freqency, and Rate of Change of Frequency, IEEE Transations on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol. Pas. 102, No,5, May 1983
[36] G. Missout, P. Girard, Measurement of Bus Voltage Angle Between Montreal and Sepi-iles, IEEE Trans on Pas, March/April 1980, PP.536-539
[37] E. Oran Brigham, The Fast Fourier Tranform (Book), Prentice Hall, 1974
[38] A. G. Phadke, M. Ibrahim, T. Hlibka, Fundamental Basis for Distance Relaying With symmetrical Components, IEEE Trans. on Pas, Vol, Pas 98,. No.2, PP635～648
[39] Storer, James A. Data Compression; Method and Theory. Computer Science press, 1988
[40] Mask S T. TWACS:A power line Communication technology for power distribution Network control and monitoring 1986 Tpwwd-1; 66-72
[41] 吴乐南，数据压缩的原理与应用，电子工业出版社，1995
[42] D. S. Ornstein and B. Weiss, Entropy and data compression Schemes, IEEE Trans 1 T-39 (2),520-524 (1993)
[43] 戴善荣，数据压缩，西安电子科技大学，1989
[44] Toliyat H A, Lipo T A, Transient Analysis of Cage Induction Machines Under Stator, Roeor Bar and End Ring Faults. IEEE, 1995, EC:241～247
[45] Kulig T S, Buckley G W, Lambrecht D, et al, A New Approach to Determine Transient Generator Winding and Damper Currents in Cases of Internal and External Faults and Abnormal Operation (Ⅲ) Results. IEEE, 1990, EC-3:70～78
[2] 屠黎明等，基于绕组函数的凸极同步电机电感参数计算，电力系统自动化，2000，4
[3] Megahed A I, Malik O P. Synchronous Generator Internal Fault Computation and Experimental Verification IEE Proceedings Generation Transmission and Distribution, 1998.145(5)
[4] 王维俭等，大型机组继电保护理论基础，北京：水利电力出版社，1989
[5] 贺益康，交流电机的计算机仿真，北京：科学出版社，1990
[6] 高景德，王祥衍，李发海，交流电机及其系统的分析，北京：清华大学出版社，1993
[7] 周德贵，巩北宇，同步发电机运行技术与实践，北京：中国电力出版社，1995
[8] 王维俭，电气主设备继电保护原理及应用，北京：中国电力出版社，1996
[9] 张旭东，不同原理的发电机失磁保护误动分析与改进，电力系统自动化，1999，6
[10] 王维俭，刘俊宏，大型发电机中性点接地方式选择，电网技术，1995第2期
[11] 王维俭，刘俊宏，大型发电机中性点接地方式与定子接地保护灵敏度关系的分析计算，电力自动化设备，1995，第3期
[12] 李振华，王维俭，单元件发电机内部短路保护的研究，电力自动化设备，1994，第2期
[13] 史史文，大机组继电保护，北京：水利电力出版社，1987
[14] Roemish W R, Wall E T. A. New synchronous Generator Out-of-step Relay Scheme IEEE PAS. 1985, 104 (3)
[15] Taylor CW, etc A New Out-of-step with Rate of Change of Apparent Resistance Augmentation IEEE PAS, 1983, 102 (3)
[16] 李玉梅等，三次谐波式定子接地保护几个问题的探讨，电力自动化设备，1993第1期
[17] 王维俭等，岩滩电站 SF302．5-80／17000发电机内部短路计算及保护灵敏度分析，电力自动化设备，1990，第1期
[18] 张龙照等，同步电机定子绕组内部故障规律探讨，电工技术学报，1991，第1期
[19] 屠黎明等，同步电机定子绕组内部故障分析方法，电力系统自动化，1999，21
[20] 伍叶凯，发电机定子匝间短路保护方案的研究，电网技术，1998，9
[21] 贾志东等，发电机定子绝缘老化特征的研究，电网技术，2000，4
[22] 屠黎明等，汽轮发电机内部故障回路参数的计算方法，电力系统自动化，1998，16
[23] Rhudy R G, Snively H D, White J C. Performance of Synchronous Machines Operating with Unbalanced Armature Windings. IEEE Trans on EC, 1988, 3 (2):6～18
[24] 侯煦光，杨顺义，汽轮发电机定子绕组开焊故障的计算分析，电站设备自动化，19819(3)：6～18
[25] 王维俭，大型汽轮机发电机内部短路保护的定值分析，继电器，1980 (4)
[26] 王祥衍，发电机内部短路分析研究最新进展，电力系统自动化，1999，23(11)：10～12
[27] Nyamusa T A, Demerdash N A, Transient Analysis of Partial Armature Short-Circuit in an Electronically Magnetic Field-Network Model. In: IEEE/PES Winter Meeting. New York (USA):1986
[28] Megahed A I, Malik O P. Synchronous Generator Internal Fault Computation and Experimental Verification. IEE Proceedings——Generation, Transmission and Distribution, 1998, 145 (5):604～610
[29] Fudeh H R, Ong C M. Modeling and Analysis of Induction Machines Containing Space Harmonics, Part Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ. IEEE Trans on EC, 1983, 102 (8) :2608～2628
[30] Davat B, Ren Z, Lajoie-Mazenc M. The Movement in Field Modeling. IEEE Trans on Magnetic, 1985, 21 (6):2296～2298
[31] Kuling T S, Buchley G W, Lambtecht D, et al. A New Approach to Determine Transient Winding and Damper Currents in Case of Internal and External Faults and Abnormal Operation, Part Ⅰ: Fundamentals. In: IEEE/PES Winter Meeting. New Orleans (USA): 1986
[32] 屠黎明，同步发电机定子绕组内部故障分析方法及其应用的研究：[博士学位论文]， 南京：东南大学。1999
[33] A. G, Phadke, A Microcomputer Based Symmetrical Component Distance Relay, 1979 Power Industry Computer Application Sconference
[34] M. S. Sachdev, M. A. Baribeav, A New Alcorithm for Digital Impedance Relay, IEEE Pas Vol-98. No. 6, 1979
[35] A. G. Phadky Fellow, A New Measurement Technique for Traching Voltage Phasor, Localsystem Freqency, and Rate of Change of Frequency, IEEE Transations on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol. Pas. 102, No,5, May 1983
[36] G. Missout, P. Girard, Measurement of Bus Voltage Angle Between Montreal and Sepi-iles, IEEE Trans on Pas, March/April 1980, PP.536-539
[37] E. Oran Brigham, The Fast Fourier Tranform (Book), Prentice Hall, 1974
[38] A. G. Phadke, M. Ibrahim, T. Hlibka, Fundamental Basis for Distance Relaying With symmetrical Components, IEEE Trans. on Pas, Vol, Pas 98,. No.2, PP635～648
[39] Storer, James A. Data Compression; Method and Theory. Computer Science press, 1988
[40] Mask S T. TWACS:A power line Communication technology for power distribution Network control and monitoring 1986 Tpwwd-1; 66-72
[41] 吴乐南，数据压缩的原理与应用，电子工业出版社，1995
[42] D. S. Ornstein and B. Weiss, Entropy and data compression Schemes, IEEE Trans 1 T-39 (2),520-524 (1993)
[43] 戴善荣，数据压缩，西安电子科技大学，1989
[44] Toliyat H A, Lipo T A, Transient Analysis of Cage Induction Machines Under Stator, Roeor Bar and End Ring Faults. IEEE, 1995, EC:241～247
[45] Kulig T S, Buckley G W, Lambrecht D, et al, A New Approach to Determine Transient Generator Winding and Damper Currents in Cases of Internal and External Faults and Abnormal Operation (Ⅲ) Results. IEEE, 1990, EC-3:70～78