半导体激光通过大气随机信道的二维实时显示与研究
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摘要
随着信息技术的发展，无线光通信因具有容量大、带宽宽、
保密性好、抗干扰强、不受FCC控制、机动灵活等优点，使其在
组建信息高速公路和空间通信网中成为研究热点，近年来受到国
内外普遍重视。近地面无线光通信由于受到大气随机信道的干扰，
使得大气信道的研究成为无线光通信的关键技术之一。
本课题针对大气信道的随机特性，主要研究大气随机信道对
半导体激光传输的影响。主要内容是：分析了大气的吸收、散射
和湍流，用气象上的能见度计算大气的衰减率，把大气近似看作
随机介质，分析大气湍流对激光传输的影响；根据激光通过大气
信道的传输模型，用软件动态模拟激光在大气中传输时光斑的变
化；另外，研制了光斑实时显示系统，二维实时显示半导体激光
远场光斑的闪烁和漂移，用此系统进行大量的外场实验，并对实
验结果进行了分析总结，讨论实验中发现的孔径效应。最后，还
对今后的工作提出设想和希望。
With the development of The Information Technology. The
Optical Wireless Communications will become a hot pot in the
studying of The Space Communication Network and The Information
Superhighway for it抯 high capacity, wide band, good security and so
on. Many countries have paid attention to it. In near ground optical
communication, atmosphere affects the propagation of laser, so we
must make a study of the space channel characteristics.
This paper is mainly study of the atmospheric influence on the
laser transmission for its stochastic behavior. We analyze the scatter.
absorption and turbulence of atmosphere. and calculate the atmosphere
attenuation ratio by visibility, and we establish the propagation model
of laser in the atmosphere. then simulate the scintillation and wander
of the laser beam. The real-time display system is introduced which
can be used to measure the wander and scintillation of the laser beam.
We made some experiments in the sunny days and the foggy days, the
experimental results are discussed in the fifth chapter. At last, we give
advice for the future work.
保密性好、抗干扰强、不受FCC控制、机动灵活等优点，使其在
组建信息高速公路和空间通信网中成为研究热点，近年来受到国
内外普遍重视。近地面无线光通信由于受到大气随机信道的干扰，
使得大气信道的研究成为无线光通信的关键技术之一。
本课题针对大气信道的随机特性，主要研究大气随机信道对
半导体激光传输的影响。主要内容是：分析了大气的吸收、散射
和湍流，用气象上的能见度计算大气的衰减率，把大气近似看作
随机介质，分析大气湍流对激光传输的影响；根据激光通过大气
信道的传输模型，用软件动态模拟激光在大气中传输时光斑的变
化；另外，研制了光斑实时显示系统，二维实时显示半导体激光
远场光斑的闪烁和漂移，用此系统进行大量的外场实验，并对实
验结果进行了分析总结，讨论实验中发现的孔径效应。最后，还
对今后的工作提出设想和希望。
With the development of The Information Technology. The
Optical Wireless Communications will become a hot pot in the
studying of The Space Communication Network and The Information
Superhighway for it抯 high capacity, wide band, good security and so
on. Many countries have paid attention to it. In near ground optical
communication, atmosphere affects the propagation of laser, so we
must make a study of the space channel characteristics.
This paper is mainly study of the atmospheric influence on the
laser transmission for its stochastic behavior. We analyze the scatter.
absorption and turbulence of atmosphere. and calculate the atmosphere
attenuation ratio by visibility, and we establish the propagation model
of laser in the atmosphere. then simulate the scintillation and wander
of the laser beam. The real-time display system is introduced which
can be used to measure the wander and scintillation of the laser beam.
We made some experiments in the sunny days and the foggy days, the
experimental results are discussed in the fifth chapter. At last, we give
advice for the future work.
引文
1 《随机介质中的光传播理论》，吴建、乐时晓编，成都电讯工 程电学院出版社(1988) ：
2 C.N.Chu, et al.,Tables of Angular Distribution Coefficients for Light Scattering by Spheres, The University of Michigan Press. Ann.Arbor,Mich(1957) ;
3 《激光和红外技术手册》，杨臣华等编，国防工业出版社 (1990) ：
4 Levi,leo, Wiley, Applied Optics, 1980;4
5 P.W.Kruse, et al., Elements of Infrared Technology, P. 162, John Wiley Sons. Inc.New York,Londn (1962) ;
6 R.F.Lutonirski and H.T.Yura, Wave Structure and Mutual Coherence Function of an Optical Wave in a Turbulent Atmosphere, J. O. Opti. Soc. Ame. Vol.61, N.4 (1970) ;
7 《激光和红外技术手册》，杨臣华等编，第65页。
8 R.S.Lawrence, et al., Measurements of Atmosphere Tubulence Relevant to Optical Propagation, J.Opt.Soc.Am. Vol.60,N.6, P.826． (1970) ;
9 R.S.Lawrence and J.W.Strohbehn, A Survey of Clear-Air Propagation Effects Relerant to Optical Communications, Prc.IEEE, Vol.8 N.10, P.1523(1970) ;
10 激光大气传输专辑，第三集，第29页，内部资料(1976) ：
11 《激光和红外技术手册》，杨臣华等编，第74页。
12 《光学原理》上册，M．波恩E．沃尔夫著，第489页。
13 R.F.Lutomirski and H.T.Yura, Propagation of a Finite Beam in an Inhomogeneous Medium, Applied Optics, Vol.10, N.7, P. 1652, (1971) ;
14 V. I. Tatarski, Wave Propagation in a Turbulent Medium, McGraw-Hill, New York, (1961) ;
15 《激光物理》，冯志超、程哲源等编，成都电讯工程学院出版 社(1988) ：
16《光电信息处理系统》，李志能等边，浙江大学出版社，1999：
17 J.M.Martin and Stanley M.Flate, Intensity images and statistics from numerical simulation of wave propagation in 3-D, APPLIED OPTICS, V.27,N. 11, 1988;
18 A.G.Borovoy, G.Ya.Patrushev, and A.L.Petrov, Laser beam
propagation through the turbulent atmosphere with precipitation, APPLIED OPTICS, Vol.27,No.l7,1988;
19 David G.Sheppard, Iterative multiframe superresolution algorithms for atmospheric-turbulence-degraded imagery, J.Opt.Soc. Am, Vol.15,No.4, 1998;
20 R..G.Frehlich, Intensity covariance of a point source in a random medium with a Kolmogorov spectrum and an inner scale of turbulence, J.Opt.Soc.Am, Vol.4, No.2, 1987;
21 Morio Toyoshima and Kenichi Araki, Far-field pattern measurement of an onboard laser transmitter by use of a space-to-ground optical link, APPLIED OPTICS, Vol.37,No.10, 1998;
22 Guang-ming Dai, Modal compensation of atmospheric turbulence with the use of Zernike polynomials and Karhunen-Loeve functions, J.Opt.Soc.Am. Vol.12,No.10 1995;
23 Wm.A.Cole,J.P.FiIice,R.G.Frehlich, and M.Yadlowsky, Simulation of wave propagation in three-dimensional random media, APPLIED OPTICS, Vol.34, No. 12, 1995;
24 J.Y.Wang and J.K.Markey, Modal compensation of atmosheric turbulence phase distortion, J.Opt.Soc.Am,Vol.68,No.1, 1978;
25 Ronald L.Fante, Inner-scale size effect on the scintillations of light in the turbulent atmosphere, J.Opt.Soc.Am, Vol.73, No.3,1983;
26 Alan M.Whitman and Mark J.Beran, Two-scale solution for atmospheric scintillation, J.Opt.Soc.Am, Vol.2, No.12, 1985;
2 C.N.Chu, et al.,Tables of Angular Distribution Coefficients for Light Scattering by Spheres, The University of Michigan Press. Ann.Arbor,Mich(1957) ;
3 《激光和红外技术手册》，杨臣华等编，国防工业出版社 (1990) ：
4 Levi,leo, Wiley, Applied Optics, 1980;4
5 P.W.Kruse, et al., Elements of Infrared Technology, P. 162, John Wiley Sons. Inc.New York,Londn (1962) ;
6 R.F.Lutonirski and H.T.Yura, Wave Structure and Mutual Coherence Function of an Optical Wave in a Turbulent Atmosphere, J. O. Opti. Soc. Ame. Vol.61, N.4 (1970) ;
7 《激光和红外技术手册》，杨臣华等编，第65页。
8 R.S.Lawrence, et al., Measurements of Atmosphere Tubulence Relevant to Optical Propagation, J.Opt.Soc.Am. Vol.60,N.6, P.826． (1970) ;
9 R.S.Lawrence and J.W.Strohbehn, A Survey of Clear-Air Propagation Effects Relerant to Optical Communications, Prc.IEEE, Vol.8 N.10, P.1523(1970) ;
10 激光大气传输专辑，第三集，第29页，内部资料(1976) ：
11 《激光和红外技术手册》，杨臣华等编，第74页。
12 《光学原理》上册，M．波恩E．沃尔夫著，第489页。
13 R.F.Lutomirski and H.T.Yura, Propagation of a Finite Beam in an Inhomogeneous Medium, Applied Optics, Vol.10, N.7, P. 1652, (1971) ;
14 V. I. Tatarski, Wave Propagation in a Turbulent Medium, McGraw-Hill, New York, (1961) ;
15 《激光物理》，冯志超、程哲源等编，成都电讯工程学院出版 社(1988) ：
16《光电信息处理系统》，李志能等边，浙江大学出版社，1999：
17 J.M.Martin and Stanley M.Flate, Intensity images and statistics from numerical simulation of wave propagation in 3-D, APPLIED OPTICS, V.27,N. 11, 1988;
18 A.G.Borovoy, G.Ya.Patrushev, and A.L.Petrov, Laser beam
propagation through the turbulent atmosphere with precipitation, APPLIED OPTICS, Vol.27,No.l7,1988;
19 David G.Sheppard, Iterative multiframe superresolution algorithms for atmospheric-turbulence-degraded imagery, J.Opt.Soc. Am, Vol.15,No.4, 1998;
20 R..G.Frehlich, Intensity covariance of a point source in a random medium with a Kolmogorov spectrum and an inner scale of turbulence, J.Opt.Soc.Am, Vol.4, No.2, 1987;
21 Morio Toyoshima and Kenichi Araki, Far-field pattern measurement of an onboard laser transmitter by use of a space-to-ground optical link, APPLIED OPTICS, Vol.37,No.10, 1998;
22 Guang-ming Dai, Modal compensation of atmospheric turbulence with the use of Zernike polynomials and Karhunen-Loeve functions, J.Opt.Soc.Am. Vol.12,No.10 1995;
23 Wm.A.Cole,J.P.FiIice,R.G.Frehlich, and M.Yadlowsky, Simulation of wave propagation in three-dimensional random media, APPLIED OPTICS, Vol.34, No. 12, 1995;
24 J.Y.Wang and J.K.Markey, Modal compensation of atmosheric turbulence phase distortion, J.Opt.Soc.Am,Vol.68,No.1, 1978;
25 Ronald L.Fante, Inner-scale size effect on the scintillations of light in the turbulent atmosphere, J.Opt.Soc.Am, Vol.73, No.3,1983;
26 Alan M.Whitman and Mark J.Beran, Two-scale solution for atmospheric scintillation, J.Opt.Soc.Am, Vol.2, No.12, 1985;