近地短距无线光通信系统的性能研究与改进
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摘要
作为一种新型宽带无线通信技术及下一代光通信发展方向之一的无线光通信,结合了微波通信和光纤通信的优势,具有频谱资源丰富、信息容量大,抗电磁干扰、保密性能好、设备轻便尺寸小、成本相对低廉、快速链路部署、组网灵活、网络传输协议透明、扩展性好等优点,可应用于“最后一公里”宽带接入、临时应急通信、城域网扩展、局域网扩容、企业或小区内部网络互连、移动无线基站数据回传、光纤通信链路的备份、短距离军事保密通信、战场移动指挥通信及其它不宜布线、施工难度大、地域环境与成本受限的通信场合。
本文就无线大气光通信系统在近地面视距复杂大气信道中实现可靠的全天候通信传输进行了系统参数研究设计及各项性能指标的分析与改进。以激光作为载波直接在大气信道中进行信息传送会受到大气产生的一系列干扰作用的影响,文中就静态均匀稳定大气中大气分子和气溶胶粒子的吸收和散射引起的大气衰减、动态大气湍流对系统接收端造成的光强闪烁效应、光波的自由空间传输损耗、系统光收发端天线效率、背景噪声及接收检测固有噪声等重要传输性能影响因素进行了分析讨论,建立了无线光通信大气信道传输模型,以较准确地预测接收光信号的强度起伏特性的Gamma-Gamma光强闪烁分布来描述大气湍流信道,将数字副载波PSK强度调制与直接检测技术应用于实现数字比特信息传送的无线大气激光通信系统,基于原理设计框图对系统的重要性能参量进行了理论推导与结果仿真,考察系统的差错性能与优越性,并在此基础上采用信道编码技术进行了性能改进。
As a kind of new wide-band wireless communication technique and one of the developing directions of the next generation optical communication, wireless optical communication combines the superiorities of microwave and fiber communication. It is rich in frequency resources. It has large information capacity and good performance of resisting electromagnetic interference and keeping secrets. Its equipments have small size and very portable. The cost is relatively low. The link of it can be quickly arranged and it is flexible to make up network. It also has other advantages, such as quickly forming network, transparent network transmitting protocol, well performance of broadening, etc. The wireless optical communication can be used in‘last mile’wide-band accepting, temporary communication for meeting emergency, extending the city area network, expanding the capacity of the local area network, interconnecting the inner-network of the enterprise or small districts, data resending of the wireless mobile base station, backuping the communication link of the fiber lines, short-space military communication in secret way, battlefield mobile commanding communication, some other places where are not fit to lay out or hard to working on the communication links or the region environment is limited.
To realize the reliable all-day communication transmitting of the wireless atmospheric laser communication system in near-ground short-space and complicated atmospheric channel, this text studies and designs the system parameters,analyzes and improves the system’s certain performance indexes. To transmit information directly in the atmospheric channel, making laser as the wave-carrier, the light wave is strongly influenced by a series of interfered effects. The text make some factors as the important affecting performance indexes, analyze and discusses these factors then uses them to build the channel model of the wireless atmospheric laser communication. These factors contains the atmospheric attenuation caused by absorption and scattering that made by atmospheric molecule and aerosol particles in stable and static state atmosphere, the intensity scintillation at the receiving port caused by atmospheric turbulence in unstable and dynamic state atmosphere, the free-space optical loss, the efficiency of the optical sending and receiving ports’antennas, the background noise and the noises of the received system. Gamma-Gamma scintillation distribution is used to model the atmospheric turbulence channel, which well matches and predicts the characteristics of the received intensity fluctuation. Subcarrier PSK intensity modulation/direct-detection technique is used to realize the digital bits transmitting. Based on the block diagram of the system, the important error performance parameters are deduced theoretically and simulated. The error performance and the preferable properties of the system are discussed. The ways to improve the performance like different sorts of coding are analyzed and simulated.
本文就无线大气光通信系统在近地面视距复杂大气信道中实现可靠的全天候通信传输进行了系统参数研究设计及各项性能指标的分析与改进。以激光作为载波直接在大气信道中进行信息传送会受到大气产生的一系列干扰作用的影响,文中就静态均匀稳定大气中大气分子和气溶胶粒子的吸收和散射引起的大气衰减、动态大气湍流对系统接收端造成的光强闪烁效应、光波的自由空间传输损耗、系统光收发端天线效率、背景噪声及接收检测固有噪声等重要传输性能影响因素进行了分析讨论,建立了无线光通信大气信道传输模型,以较准确地预测接收光信号的强度起伏特性的Gamma-Gamma光强闪烁分布来描述大气湍流信道,将数字副载波PSK强度调制与直接检测技术应用于实现数字比特信息传送的无线大气激光通信系统,基于原理设计框图对系统的重要性能参量进行了理论推导与结果仿真,考察系统的差错性能与优越性,并在此基础上采用信道编码技术进行了性能改进。
As a kind of new wide-band wireless communication technique and one of the developing directions of the next generation optical communication, wireless optical communication combines the superiorities of microwave and fiber communication. It is rich in frequency resources. It has large information capacity and good performance of resisting electromagnetic interference and keeping secrets. Its equipments have small size and very portable. The cost is relatively low. The link of it can be quickly arranged and it is flexible to make up network. It also has other advantages, such as quickly forming network, transparent network transmitting protocol, well performance of broadening, etc. The wireless optical communication can be used in‘last mile’wide-band accepting, temporary communication for meeting emergency, extending the city area network, expanding the capacity of the local area network, interconnecting the inner-network of the enterprise or small districts, data resending of the wireless mobile base station, backuping the communication link of the fiber lines, short-space military communication in secret way, battlefield mobile commanding communication, some other places where are not fit to lay out or hard to working on the communication links or the region environment is limited.
To realize the reliable all-day communication transmitting of the wireless atmospheric laser communication system in near-ground short-space and complicated atmospheric channel, this text studies and designs the system parameters,analyzes and improves the system’s certain performance indexes. To transmit information directly in the atmospheric channel, making laser as the wave-carrier, the light wave is strongly influenced by a series of interfered effects. The text make some factors as the important affecting performance indexes, analyze and discusses these factors then uses them to build the channel model of the wireless atmospheric laser communication. These factors contains the atmospheric attenuation caused by absorption and scattering that made by atmospheric molecule and aerosol particles in stable and static state atmosphere, the intensity scintillation at the receiving port caused by atmospheric turbulence in unstable and dynamic state atmosphere, the free-space optical loss, the efficiency of the optical sending and receiving ports’antennas, the background noise and the noises of the received system. Gamma-Gamma scintillation distribution is used to model the atmospheric turbulence channel, which well matches and predicts the characteristics of the received intensity fluctuation. Subcarrier PSK intensity modulation/direct-detection technique is used to realize the digital bits transmitting. Based on the block diagram of the system, the important error performance parameters are deduced theoretically and simulated. The error performance and the preferable properties of the system are discussed. The ways to improve the performance like different sorts of coding are analyzed and simulated.
引文
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[3]、W.HUANG, J.TAKAYANAGI, T.SAKANAKA. Atmospheric Optical Communication System Using Subcarrier PSK Modulation[J].IEEE International Conference on Communications,1993: 1597-1601.
[4]、TOMOAKI OHTSUKI.Turbo-coded Atmospheric Optical Communication Systems[J].IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2002 (5): 2938-2942.
[5]、QINGCHONG LIU, QI LU, GREGORY S.MITCHELL. Performance Analysis for Optical Wireless Communication Systems Using Subcarrier PSK Intensity Modulation Through Turbulent Atmospheric Channel[J].GLOBECOM-IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference. 2004 (3) :1872-1875.
[6]、QINGCHONG LIU, QI LU. Subcarrier PSK Intensity Modulation for Optical Wireless Communications Through Turbulent Atmospheric Channel[J].IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2005 (3): 1761-1765.
[7]、ANGUITA, J.A., DJORDJEVIC, I.B., NEIFELD, M.A. High-rate Error-correction Codes for the Optical Atmospheric Channel[J]. Proc. of SPIE. 2005 (5892) :1-7.
[8]、M.A. AL-HABASH, L.C. ANDREWS, R.L. PHILLIPS. Mathematical Model for the Irradiance Probability Density Function of a Laser Beam Propagating Through Turbulent Media[J].Opt. Eng. 2001 (40): 1554-1562.
[9]、L. C. ANDREWA, R. L. PHILLIPS, C. Y. HOPEN.Aperture Averaging of Optical Scintillations: Power Fluctuations and the Temporal Spectrum[J].Waves in Random Media, 2000 (10): 53-70.
[10]、L.C.ANDREWS, R.L.PHILLIPS, C.Y.HOPEN. Theory of Optical Scintillation[J]. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 1999 (16): 1417-1429.
[11]、W. HUANG, J. TAKAYANAGI, T. SAKANAKA. Atmospheric Optical Communication System Using Subcarrier PSK Modulation, IEICE Trans. Commun., 1993 (9) 1169-1177.
[12]、E.J. Mccatney. 大气光学—分子和粒子散射[M].北京:科学出版社,1988:20-28
[13]、D. SADOT, A. MELAMED, N. S. KOPEIKA. Effects of Aerosol Forward Scatter on the Long- and short-exposure Atmospheric Coherence Diameter[J]. Waves in Random Media, 1994 (4): 487-498.
[14]、S. AMON, N. S. KOPEIKA. Effect of Particulates on Performance of Optical Communication in Space and an Adaptive Method to Minimize Such Effects[J]. Appl. Opt. ,1994 (33) : 4930-4937.
[15]、强希文,张辉,屠琴芬,袁仁峰,李钟敏.激光雷达信号大气衰减效应[J].应用光学,2000,21(4):21-25,38.
[16]、吴健,杨春平,刘建斌.大气中的光传输理论[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2005:4-5.
[17]、许春玉,谢德林,杨虎.激光大气传输透过率的分析[J].光电工程,1999,26(增刊):7-11.
[18]、Rudiger R Meyer,Angus K Irkland. The effects of electron and photon scattering on signal and noise transfer properties of scintillators in CCD cameras used for electron detection[J].Ultramicroscopy, 1998 (75):23-33.
[19]、荣健,陈彦,胡渝.激光在湍流大气中的传输特性和仿真研究[J].光通信技术,2003,(11):44-46.
[20]、李晓峰,胡渝.影响空地激光通信链路通信时段选择方案的背景光及大气湍流效应因素[J].激光杂志,2004,25(4):61-63.
[21]、张文涛,朱保华.利用CCD研究激光束在大气随机信道中的传输特性[J].应用光学, 2004,25(5):33-36.
[22]、李晓峰,胡渝.背景光及大气湍流对空地激光通信接收光斑产生的影响[J].光通信技术,2004,(10):42-44.
[23]、龚知本.激光大气传输研究若干问题进展[J].量子电子学报,1998,15(2):114-133.
[24]、张兆顺,崔贵香,许春晓.湍流理论与模拟[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005:47-81.
[25]、陈娅冰,赵尚弘,夏贵进.大气光通信中的信道损耗分析[J].无线电通信技术,2003,29(1):62-64.
[26]、李晓峰,张永健,陈彦,胡渝.大气信道对空—地光通信的影响分析[J].应用光学,2003,24(6):14-17.
[27]、刑建斌,许国良,张旭苹,王光辉,丁涛.大气湍流对激光通信系统的影响[J].光子学报,2005,34(12):1850-1852.
[28]、任浩,魏宏建,谭吉春.激光通信中大气闪烁引起探测噪声的计算机模拟[J].应用光学,2003,24(5):22-24.
[29]、康宏向.强度调制直接探测型远距离激光声探测系统研究[J].光电子技术与信息,2004,17(5):54-57.
[30]、XU GUOLIANG, ZHANG XUPING, WEI JUNWEI. Influence of Atmospheric Turbulence on FSO Link Performance[J]. Proc. of SPIE. 2004 (5281): 816-823.
[31]、XIAOMING ZHU, JOSEPH M.KAHN. Free-Space Optical Communication Through Atmospheric Turbulence Channels[J].IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2002 (50) :1293-1300.
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