地下水石油污染物运移的数值模拟
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摘要
本文利用地下水模拟系统软件(GMS)对河北保定某石油渗漏场地地下水系统进行了数值模拟。首先对研究区进行水文地质调查,并进行抽水试验和弥散试验,借助Theis配线法、Cooper-Jacob直线图解法,恢复水位法,以及标准曲线配线法求取水文地质参数。进而用GMS对研究区进行数值模拟,建立研究区的地下水水流概念模型和数学模型,使用GMS中的MODFLOW模块对所建立的数学模型求解。在所建立的模型中将含水层参数分为9个区,采用联合抽水试验资料对含水层参数进行调整。调参后得到了较好的效果,计算误差符合国家标准,能够较好的反映研究区地下水系统运动特征。
在地下水流模型的基础上建立地下水氯离子水质模型,运用MT3D模块对水质模型求解,通过对比氯离子浓度分布的实测值与计算值,对所建立的水质模型进行验证,从而确定研究区内9个分区的弥散度。
采用四种方案对研究区内石油污染物运移情况做出预测。方案一是进行5年预测,石油污染物形成污染羽,并逐年向四周扩大,主要污染区内污染物浓度5年后增长到一年后的4.5倍。方案二针对年降水量增幅50%的情况下做预测,污染羽范围扩大并且浓度增加,最多的单元增加到原来的4倍,增加了606ppm。方案三考虑农灌井抽水的情况,三个污染区内污染物浓度都比未考虑抽水时增加一倍。方案四考虑微生物对石油污染物存在降解作用的情况,污染区内污染物浓度下降了10%。考虑到研究区内存在石油污染降解菌,本研究提出采用原位生物修复技术来治理石油污染,将会是有利且经济可行的方法。
Groundwater Modeling System(GMS) software was used in this dissertation to carry on the numerical simulation of groundwater system of a petroleum leakage location in Baoding,Hebei province.Firstly,the hydrology geological investigation was taken to the research area,and the pumping test and tracer test were carded on.Aquifer test,a test software,and a curve fitting method were used to seek hydrogeology parameter.Then the numerical simulation of the research area with GMS was carried on to establish water conceptual model and the mathematical model of the groundwater in the research area. The MODFLOW module was used for the mathematical model solution.The aquifer parameter of the model was divided into 9 areas and the union pumping test data was used to modulate to the aquifer parameter.After that,the good result in which the computation error conformed to the national standard was obtained,so it could reflect well the dynamic behavior of the groundwater system in research area.
The water quality model of the chloride ion on the base of the groundwater flow model was established.The MT3D module was used for the mathematical model solution.The water quality model was tested by contrasting the actual data with the predicted data of the density distribution of the chloride ion to define the dispersity of these 9 districts in research area.
Four kinds of schemes were used to forecast the migration situation of petroleum pollutant in the research area.The proposalⅠwas 5 years forecast,the petroleum pollutant formed the contamination plume and expanded around year by year,and the pollutant concentration grew 4.5 times during 5 years in mainly polluted area.The proposalⅡaimed at the situation of the whole year precipitation increased by 50%,the scope of the contamination plume expanded and the concentration increased,and the most units increased 606ppm which was 3 times larger than before.The proposalⅢconsidered the situation of the agriculture well pump,the pollutant concentration all doubled than that when the agriculture well pump was not considered in the three pollution areas.The proposalⅣconsidered the degeneration of microorganisms to the petroleum pollutant, the pollutant concentration dropped 10%in the pollution area.In respect of the Hydrocarbon Degradation Bacteria in the research area,in-situ bioremediation could be an advantageous and economical feasible method to control the petroleum pollution in this area.
在地下水流模型的基础上建立地下水氯离子水质模型,运用MT3D模块对水质模型求解,通过对比氯离子浓度分布的实测值与计算值,对所建立的水质模型进行验证,从而确定研究区内9个分区的弥散度。
采用四种方案对研究区内石油污染物运移情况做出预测。方案一是进行5年预测,石油污染物形成污染羽,并逐年向四周扩大,主要污染区内污染物浓度5年后增长到一年后的4.5倍。方案二针对年降水量增幅50%的情况下做预测,污染羽范围扩大并且浓度增加,最多的单元增加到原来的4倍,增加了606ppm。方案三考虑农灌井抽水的情况,三个污染区内污染物浓度都比未考虑抽水时增加一倍。方案四考虑微生物对石油污染物存在降解作用的情况,污染区内污染物浓度下降了10%。考虑到研究区内存在石油污染降解菌,本研究提出采用原位生物修复技术来治理石油污染,将会是有利且经济可行的方法。
Groundwater Modeling System(GMS) software was used in this dissertation to carry on the numerical simulation of groundwater system of a petroleum leakage location in Baoding,Hebei province.Firstly,the hydrology geological investigation was taken to the research area,and the pumping test and tracer test were carded on.Aquifer test,a test software,and a curve fitting method were used to seek hydrogeology parameter.Then the numerical simulation of the research area with GMS was carried on to establish water conceptual model and the mathematical model of the groundwater in the research area. The MODFLOW module was used for the mathematical model solution.The aquifer parameter of the model was divided into 9 areas and the union pumping test data was used to modulate to the aquifer parameter.After that,the good result in which the computation error conformed to the national standard was obtained,so it could reflect well the dynamic behavior of the groundwater system in research area.
The water quality model of the chloride ion on the base of the groundwater flow model was established.The MT3D module was used for the mathematical model solution.The water quality model was tested by contrasting the actual data with the predicted data of the density distribution of the chloride ion to define the dispersity of these 9 districts in research area.
Four kinds of schemes were used to forecast the migration situation of petroleum pollutant in the research area.The proposalⅠwas 5 years forecast,the petroleum pollutant formed the contamination plume and expanded around year by year,and the pollutant concentration grew 4.5 times during 5 years in mainly polluted area.The proposalⅡaimed at the situation of the whole year precipitation increased by 50%,the scope of the contamination plume expanded and the concentration increased,and the most units increased 606ppm which was 3 times larger than before.The proposalⅢconsidered the situation of the agriculture well pump,the pollutant concentration all doubled than that when the agriculture well pump was not considered in the three pollution areas.The proposalⅣconsidered the degeneration of microorganisms to the petroleum pollutant, the pollutant concentration dropped 10%in the pollution area.In respect of the Hydrocarbon Degradation Bacteria in the research area,in-situ bioremediation could be an advantageous and economical feasible method to control the petroleum pollution in this area.
引文
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