固体氧化物燃料电池的传热传质数值模拟
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摘要
本文对固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)进行了理论分析。考虑阴阳极极化和欧姆极化，计算分析了温度、电流密度对电压、极化的影响和组分浓度、气体利用率对电池电动势和开路电压的影响。
以氢为燃料的平板式SOFC为研究对象，发展了三维的CFD模型。模型中采用质量、能量、动量和组分守恒方程描述电池内的流动、传热和化学组分传递等物理过程，耦合电化学动力学反应方程，建立数学模型。研究的区域包括燃料流道、空气流道、阳极和阴极、电解质和联接器的整个燃料电池的组成部件。应用FLUENT软件分别对稳态和非稳态进行了模拟，分析了电池参数对电池内部速度、温度和浓度的分布影响以及温度、浓度的分布随时间变化的过程，比较不同流场设计对燃料电池的影响。
According to the working principle of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and its structures, the theory of SOFC is analyzed based knowledge of several disciplines such as fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer, and electrochemistry. The cell theoretic potential is calculated by Nernst's equation and the open-circuit voltage is computed with considering the ohmic losses and the activation overpotential. The fuel cell performance is analyzed when some parameter (temperature, average current density, pressure, and/or fuel utility) changes.
A three-dimensional mathematical model is developed to investigate the fluid flow, heat transfer, species transport in the solid oxide fuel cell. The model simultaneously accounts for electrochemical kinetics, fluid dynamics, and heat and mass transport. The computation domain consists of gas channels, anode, cathode, electrolyte and interconnecter. A set of transport equations is solved with the volume control finite discrete computation fluid dynamics (CFD). The steady-state and the transient model are computed with a commercial CFD package, FLUENT and its preprocessor Gambit. The numerical results show the behavior of the flow characteristics, distributions of temperature and the chemical components and their developing with time. The impact of different flow design upon the cell is discussed.
以氢为燃料的平板式SOFC为研究对象，发展了三维的CFD模型。模型中采用质量、能量、动量和组分守恒方程描述电池内的流动、传热和化学组分传递等物理过程，耦合电化学动力学反应方程，建立数学模型。研究的区域包括燃料流道、空气流道、阳极和阴极、电解质和联接器的整个燃料电池的组成部件。应用FLUENT软件分别对稳态和非稳态进行了模拟，分析了电池参数对电池内部速度、温度和浓度的分布影响以及温度、浓度的分布随时间变化的过程，比较不同流场设计对燃料电池的影响。
According to the working principle of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and its structures, the theory of SOFC is analyzed based knowledge of several disciplines such as fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer, and electrochemistry. The cell theoretic potential is calculated by Nernst's equation and the open-circuit voltage is computed with considering the ohmic losses and the activation overpotential. The fuel cell performance is analyzed when some parameter (temperature, average current density, pressure, and/or fuel utility) changes.
A three-dimensional mathematical model is developed to investigate the fluid flow, heat transfer, species transport in the solid oxide fuel cell. The model simultaneously accounts for electrochemical kinetics, fluid dynamics, and heat and mass transport. The computation domain consists of gas channels, anode, cathode, electrolyte and interconnecter. A set of transport equations is solved with the volume control finite discrete computation fluid dynamics (CFD). The steady-state and the transient model are computed with a commercial CFD package, FLUENT and its preprocessor Gambit. The numerical results show the behavior of the flow characteristics, distributions of temperature and the chemical components and their developing with time. The impact of different flow design upon the cell is discussed.
引文
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