三明治型金属卟啉、酞（萘）菁配合物的合成及性质研究
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摘要
酞菁作为一种重要的有机功能材料是人们在意外事故中发现的。酞菁是一种共面的由四个异吲哚环组成的18π电子大环体系与自然界中的卟啉相似，分子中电子云的密度分布相当均匀，离域于整个分子之中。卟啉和它们的非天然类似物——酞菁是最普通也是最重要的四吡咯衍生物。这两个系列的大环化合物都能和元素周期表中差不多所有的金属形成金属配合物。稀土金属、锕系金属、一些早期过渡金属和主族元素与这些配体都能形成双层或三层的三明治型配合物，这些配合物显示将成为一类重要的功能材料。自从上个世纪的六十年代中期，人们就已经知道三明治型双层酞菁稀土金属配合物，而类似的卟啉双层配合物则直到上个世纪八十年代才开始研究。双层酞菁金属配合物，特别是双层稀土金属配合物，具有复杂并且独一无二的光性质和电性质，由于它们在分子电子学、分子信息存储和非线性光学上的潜在应用价值，使得它们在材料科学上拥有广阔的应用前景。为了充分理解这些双层和三层四吡咯金属配合物环与环之间相互作用的本质，在近几年，人们已经合成了一些具有不同酞菁、萘菁或卟啉配体的三明治型不对称双层金属配合物。我们的研究工作主要集中在以下几个方面：
1．三明治型混杂酞萘菁双层稀土金属配合物的合成、光谱和电化学性质研究使用新颖的一步法，在DBU存在下，以相应的稀土乙酰丙酮盐
M(acac)_(3·n)H_2O、自由酞菁H_2Pc’和二氰基萘在正辛醇中回流，已经成功的制备出不对称酞萘菁稀土双层配合物。一系列六个配合物：Sm[Nc(tBu)_4](Pc)][Nc(tBu)_4=3(4)，12(13)，21(22)，30(31)-四叔丁基萘菁](1)、Sm(Nc)(Pc’)[Pc’=Pc(OC_5H_(11))_4，Pc(OC_8H_(17))_8，Pc(OC_5H_(11))_4=2(3)，9(10)，16(17)，24(25)-四(3-戊氧基)酞菁，Pc(OC_8H_(17))_8=2，3，9，10，16，17，24，25-八辛氧基酞菁](2，3)和M(Nc)[Pc(α-OC_5H_(11))_4](M=Sm，Eu，Y)[Pc(α-OC_5H_(11))_4=1，8，15，22-四(3-戊氧基)酞菁](4-6)已经被合成和分离出来，并得到很好的产率，由于这些配合物含有不同的酞菁、萘菁配体和中心稀土金属，说明这种合成方法具有通用性。除了对这些配合物的光谱进行研究之外，我们也通过循环伏安法和差分脉冲伏安法，对这些新颖配合物的电化学性质进行了研究。
The compounds that later called phthalocyanine (Pc) was first observed by chance as a highly coloured by-product in the chemical conversion of the ortho-(1,2)-disubstituted benzene derivatives. Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are planer macrocycles related to porphyrins constituted by four isoindole units presenting an 18 π-electron aromatic could delocalized over an arrangement of alternated carbon and nitrogen atoms. Porphyrins and their non-naturally occurring analogues, phthalocyanines, are the most common and important tetrapyrrole derivatives. Both series of macrocycles can form metal complexes with almost all the metals in the Periodic Table. Rare earths, actinides, and some early transition metals and main group elements form sandwich-type complexes with these ligands in the forms of double- and triple-deckers, which emerge to be an important class of functional materials. The bis(phthalocyaninato) rare earth sandwich complexes have been known since the middle of 1960s, while the studies of bis(porphyrinato) counterparts were started in 1980s. Bis(phthalocyaninato) metal complexes, especially the rare earth double-deckers, possess intriguing and unique electronic and optical properties which render them useful in materials science due to their possible applications in molecular electronics, molecular information storage, and nonlinear optics. To understand the nature of the ring-to-ring interactions in these bis- and tris-(tetrapyrrole) metal complexes, a substantial number of heteroleptic sandwich compounds with different porphyrinato, naphthalocyaninato and/or phthalocyaninato ligands have been prepared and examined in recent years. Our research work in this field has been focused on the following respects: 1. Heteroleptic rare earth double-decker complexes with naphthalocyaninato and
phthalocyaninato ligands. General synthesis,, spectroscopic, and
electrochemical characteristics
A novel one-pot procedure, starting from the corresponding M(acac)_3.nH_2O, metal-free phthalocyanine H_2Pc', and naphthalonitrile in the presence of DBU in n-octanol, has been developed to prepare heteroleptic
1．三明治型混杂酞萘菁双层稀土金属配合物的合成、光谱和电化学性质研究使用新颖的一步法，在DBU存在下，以相应的稀土乙酰丙酮盐
M(acac)_(3·n)H_2O、自由酞菁H_2Pc’和二氰基萘在正辛醇中回流，已经成功的制备出不对称酞萘菁稀土双层配合物。一系列六个配合物：Sm[Nc(tBu)_4](Pc)][Nc(tBu)_4=3(4)，12(13)，21(22)，30(31)-四叔丁基萘菁](1)、Sm(Nc)(Pc’)[Pc’=Pc(OC_5H_(11))_4，Pc(OC_8H_(17))_8，Pc(OC_5H_(11))_4=2(3)，9(10)，16(17)，24(25)-四(3-戊氧基)酞菁，Pc(OC_8H_(17))_8=2，3，9，10，16，17，24，25-八辛氧基酞菁](2，3)和M(Nc)[Pc(α-OC_5H_(11))_4](M=Sm，Eu，Y)[Pc(α-OC_5H_(11))_4=1，8，15，22-四(3-戊氧基)酞菁](4-6)已经被合成和分离出来，并得到很好的产率，由于这些配合物含有不同的酞菁、萘菁配体和中心稀土金属，说明这种合成方法具有通用性。除了对这些配合物的光谱进行研究之外，我们也通过循环伏安法和差分脉冲伏安法，对这些新颖配合物的电化学性质进行了研究。
The compounds that later called phthalocyanine (Pc) was first observed by chance as a highly coloured by-product in the chemical conversion of the ortho-(1,2)-disubstituted benzene derivatives. Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are planer macrocycles related to porphyrins constituted by four isoindole units presenting an 18 π-electron aromatic could delocalized over an arrangement of alternated carbon and nitrogen atoms. Porphyrins and their non-naturally occurring analogues, phthalocyanines, are the most common and important tetrapyrrole derivatives. Both series of macrocycles can form metal complexes with almost all the metals in the Periodic Table. Rare earths, actinides, and some early transition metals and main group elements form sandwich-type complexes with these ligands in the forms of double- and triple-deckers, which emerge to be an important class of functional materials. The bis(phthalocyaninato) rare earth sandwich complexes have been known since the middle of 1960s, while the studies of bis(porphyrinato) counterparts were started in 1980s. Bis(phthalocyaninato) metal complexes, especially the rare earth double-deckers, possess intriguing and unique electronic and optical properties which render them useful in materials science due to their possible applications in molecular electronics, molecular information storage, and nonlinear optics. To understand the nature of the ring-to-ring interactions in these bis- and tris-(tetrapyrrole) metal complexes, a substantial number of heteroleptic sandwich compounds with different porphyrinato, naphthalocyaninato and/or phthalocyaninato ligands have been prepared and examined in recent years. Our research work in this field has been focused on the following respects: 1. Heteroleptic rare earth double-decker complexes with naphthalocyaninato and
phthalocyaninato ligands. General synthesis,, spectroscopic, and
electrochemical characteristics
A novel one-pot procedure, starting from the corresponding M(acac)_3.nH_2O, metal-free phthalocyanine H_2Pc', and naphthalonitrile in the presence of DBU in n-octanol, has been developed to prepare heteroleptic
引文
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