基于平板天线的动中通研究
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摘要
随着卫星通信技术的迅猛发展，动中通卫星通信系统已成为一种移动通信的良好手段，越来越多的军用和民用移动设备上安装有动中通卫星通信天线，实现与地面的远距离、不间断通信。尤其是现代战争中，迫切要求卫星通信地面终端具备良好的机动性，应具备动中通能力。
本文中对动中通的研究是基于一平板天线的动中通系统展开的。首先对动中通的基本概念、发展前景、方案的比较以及动中通的难点和关键作一阐述，并对列举的基于平板天线的动中通系统的组成和各分系统的功能进行说明。然后对各分系统进行详细地阐述。在天线控制子系统的阐述中主要针对动中通的指向和跟踪两大难点运用基于矢量修正误差补偿方法，以克服数字移相器量化误差，使数字移相器能够按照一定规则进行馈相，以达稳定指向。通过仿真表明该方法可以使天线获得较高的指向精度。动中通的跟踪难点的研究主要在以下几个方面：步进跟踪的步长的选择、步进跟踪的算法、各平衡状态的转换。除硬件系统外，本文还对动中通系统的各种工作状态下的软件进行了设计，并在实际工程设计中得到应用。
With the evolution of satellite communication techniques, satellite communication in motion has already been a good instrument in mobile communication, more and more military and civil devices fitted satellite communication antenna, achieveing remote and uninterrupted communication with earth surface . Especially in modern war, terminal of satellite communication was pressed for possessing fine flexibility.
The study on satellite communication in motion bases on panel antenna in this paper. First ,basic concepts 、long term potential、 comparison of scheme、difficulty and key questions in studying on satellite communication in motion was elaborated. A satellite communication in motion system basing on panel antenna is particularized and subsystems is listed . Aiming at the key question of direction and track of satellite communication in motion a correcting error compensation process basing on vector is presentated, in order to account for quantization error of digital phase shifter, and then the digital phase shifter can feed back phase in regular pattern to achieve the goal of stability direction. It has been stated that this method can let antennat to achieve upper pointing accuracy.The key study of satellite communication in motion includes the following aspects: step length selection 、 algorithm of step tracking、 switch each balanced state. Besides hardware system, software designs have been done in each kind of working state,and it has been applicated in project design.
本文中对动中通的研究是基于一平板天线的动中通系统展开的。首先对动中通的基本概念、发展前景、方案的比较以及动中通的难点和关键作一阐述，并对列举的基于平板天线的动中通系统的组成和各分系统的功能进行说明。然后对各分系统进行详细地阐述。在天线控制子系统的阐述中主要针对动中通的指向和跟踪两大难点运用基于矢量修正误差补偿方法，以克服数字移相器量化误差，使数字移相器能够按照一定规则进行馈相，以达稳定指向。通过仿真表明该方法可以使天线获得较高的指向精度。动中通的跟踪难点的研究主要在以下几个方面：步进跟踪的步长的选择、步进跟踪的算法、各平衡状态的转换。除硬件系统外，本文还对动中通系统的各种工作状态下的软件进行了设计，并在实际工程设计中得到应用。
With the evolution of satellite communication techniques, satellite communication in motion has already been a good instrument in mobile communication, more and more military and civil devices fitted satellite communication antenna, achieveing remote and uninterrupted communication with earth surface . Especially in modern war, terminal of satellite communication was pressed for possessing fine flexibility.
The study on satellite communication in motion bases on panel antenna in this paper. First ,basic concepts 、long term potential、 comparison of scheme、difficulty and key questions in studying on satellite communication in motion was elaborated. A satellite communication in motion system basing on panel antenna is particularized and subsystems is listed . Aiming at the key question of direction and track of satellite communication in motion a correcting error compensation process basing on vector is presentated, in order to account for quantization error of digital phase shifter, and then the digital phase shifter can feed back phase in regular pattern to achieve the goal of stability direction. It has been stated that this method can let antennat to achieve upper pointing accuracy.The key study of satellite communication in motion includes the following aspects: step length selection 、 algorithm of step tracking、 switch each balanced state. Besides hardware system, software designs have been done in each kind of working state,and it has been applicated in project design.
引文
[1] 朱毅麟．美国军用卫星移动通信系统概览．国际太空，No．12，2005
[2] 甘仲民，张更新．卫星通信技术的新发展．通信学报．No．8，2006
[3] 江卫，郭燕昌．适当随机相位量化对和差波瓣指向精度的改善，现代雷达，No．4，1997；
[4] 牛宝君，孙茂友．大型相控阵天线相位量化瓣的相关抑制法．现代雷达，No．4，1997；
[5] 朱敏，戎信云，翟丽霞．相控阵雷达二维相位控制坐标分离技术的研究．雷达与对抗，No．3，1994；
[6] 翟丽霞，朱敏，戎信云．坐标分离形式下随机馈相技术研究及仿真实现．雷达与对抗，No．3，1994；
[7] 张光义．相控阵雷达系统．国防工业出版社，2001；
[8] 金松，安建平，费元春．基于DDS的高精度移相器的实现．北京理工大学学报，No．3，1998。
[9] 胡寿松．自动控制原理．国防工业出版社，2000
[10] 王秉均，王少勇，田保玉，等．现代卫星通信系统．电子工业出版社，2004；
[11] 王秉均，王少勇，田保玉等．现代卫星通信系统．电子工业出版社，2004；
[12] 藤本共荣，J．R．詹姆斯著 杨可忠，井淑华译．移动天线系统手册．人民邮电出版社，1999。
[13] 生力松，余达太，李果，姬南征．车载天线跟踪系统的智能控制．计算机测量与控制，2006．14(2)
[14] 田斌，陈文汉，李泽．车载同步轨道卫星移动通信系统．信息与电子工程，No．2，2005
[15] 白徐祥，官山林．动中通卫星通信天线．无线通信技术，No．1，2004
[16] 熊旋．量化相移对陈列天线的分析．现代电子技术，No．16，2006-11-21
[17] 袁海杰．相控阵天线数字波束形成浅析．火控雷达技术，No．12，2003
[18] 沈文辉，周希朗，宫新保．提高相控阵天线波束指向精度的方法．上海交通大学学报，No．2，2004
[19] 吴诗其，吴廷勇，卓永宁．卫星通信导论．电子工业出版社，2006．8
[20] 张祖稷，金林，束咸荣．雷达天线技术．电子工业出版社，2005．11
[21] Karnaker N C, Bialkowski M E.Electromically steerable array antennas for mobile communication a review. In: IEEE International Symposium on Phases Array Systems and Technology, Dana Point,CA,USA, May 2000
[22] Miura R, Tanaka T, Horie A.Beamforming experiment with a DBF multibeam antenna in a mobile satellite environment.IEEE Trans on AP, 1997,45(4)
[23] Parker D,Zimmermann D C.Phased arrays.Part 1.Theory and architectures[J]. IEEE Trans on MTT,2002,50(3)
[24] Hord W E,Boyd jr C R,Diaz D,A new type of fast switching dual-mode ferrite phase shifter [j].IEEE MTT-s Int Microwave Symp Dig,1987,11(6)
[25] Elliot R S,Antenna Theory and Design.US:Prentice-Hall Inc.1981
[26] LAL C. GODARA, SENIOR MEMBER, IEEE. Applications of Antenna Arrays to Mobile Communications.PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE, VOL. 85, NO. 7, July 1997
[2] 甘仲民，张更新．卫星通信技术的新发展．通信学报．No．8，2006
[3] 江卫，郭燕昌．适当随机相位量化对和差波瓣指向精度的改善，现代雷达，No．4，1997；
[4] 牛宝君，孙茂友．大型相控阵天线相位量化瓣的相关抑制法．现代雷达，No．4，1997；
[5] 朱敏，戎信云，翟丽霞．相控阵雷达二维相位控制坐标分离技术的研究．雷达与对抗，No．3，1994；
[6] 翟丽霞，朱敏，戎信云．坐标分离形式下随机馈相技术研究及仿真实现．雷达与对抗，No．3，1994；
[7] 张光义．相控阵雷达系统．国防工业出版社，2001；
[8] 金松，安建平，费元春．基于DDS的高精度移相器的实现．北京理工大学学报，No．3，1998。
[9] 胡寿松．自动控制原理．国防工业出版社，2000
[10] 王秉均，王少勇，田保玉，等．现代卫星通信系统．电子工业出版社，2004；
[11] 王秉均，王少勇，田保玉等．现代卫星通信系统．电子工业出版社，2004；
[12] 藤本共荣，J．R．詹姆斯著 杨可忠，井淑华译．移动天线系统手册．人民邮电出版社，1999。
[13] 生力松，余达太，李果，姬南征．车载天线跟踪系统的智能控制．计算机测量与控制，2006．14(2)
[14] 田斌，陈文汉，李泽．车载同步轨道卫星移动通信系统．信息与电子工程，No．2，2005
[15] 白徐祥，官山林．动中通卫星通信天线．无线通信技术，No．1，2004
[16] 熊旋．量化相移对陈列天线的分析．现代电子技术，No．16，2006-11-21
[17] 袁海杰．相控阵天线数字波束形成浅析．火控雷达技术，No．12，2003
[18] 沈文辉，周希朗，宫新保．提高相控阵天线波束指向精度的方法．上海交通大学学报，No．2，2004
[19] 吴诗其，吴廷勇，卓永宁．卫星通信导论．电子工业出版社，2006．8
[20] 张祖稷，金林，束咸荣．雷达天线技术．电子工业出版社，2005．11
[21] Karnaker N C, Bialkowski M E.Electromically steerable array antennas for mobile communication a review. In: IEEE International Symposium on Phases Array Systems and Technology, Dana Point,CA,USA, May 2000
[22] Miura R, Tanaka T, Horie A.Beamforming experiment with a DBF multibeam antenna in a mobile satellite environment.IEEE Trans on AP, 1997,45(4)
[23] Parker D,Zimmermann D C.Phased arrays.Part 1.Theory and architectures[J]. IEEE Trans on MTT,2002,50(3)
[24] Hord W E,Boyd jr C R,Diaz D,A new type of fast switching dual-mode ferrite phase shifter [j].IEEE MTT-s Int Microwave Symp Dig,1987,11(6)
[25] Elliot R S,Antenna Theory and Design.US:Prentice-Hall Inc.1981
[26] LAL C. GODARA, SENIOR MEMBER, IEEE. Applications of Antenna Arrays to Mobile Communications.PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE, VOL. 85, NO. 7, July 1997