轻骨料混凝土局部承压性能及在剪力连接件设计应用中的研究
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摘要
近年来,随着轻骨料混凝土材料技术的日益成熟,使其在结构工程中得到了广泛的应用。轻骨料混凝土具有轻质高强、防火性好、耐久性好等特点,这些特点使其在高层及大跨度桥梁上有着特殊的优势。因此,轻骨料混凝土已成为混凝土发展的一个重要方向。为了推广轻骨料混凝土在工程中的应用,必须对其受力行为进行全面系统的研究,以便为工程技术人员提供必要的使用依据。
为了研究轻骨料混凝土的局部承压问题,本文设计了五个系列试验:荷载作用形式的影响、荷载作用位置的影响、孔洞的影响、圆形局压Ab的取值和局部承压在剪力连接件设计中的应用。
本文在试验研究的基础上,分析了轻骨料混凝土局部承压的破坏机理,明确了荷载作用形式、荷载作用位置、孔洞等对轻骨料混凝土局部承压强度的影响规律。由于轻骨料混凝土局部承压的破坏形态与普通混凝土相似,可以考虑对二者采用相同的承压机理和破坏模型进行计算分析,故本文根据楔劈理论提出了轻骨料混凝土局部承压强度的计算模型。通过试验数据分析,轻骨料混凝土的局部承压强度提高系数β低于普通混凝土,规范计算公式对轻骨料混凝土偏于不安全。
本文根据楔形体模型及极限平衡原理推导出理论计算公式并建立了实用的计算公式,计算结果与试验符合良好,并将公式应用于剪力连接件的设计中。
In recent years,the maturity of lightweight aggregate concrete material has made it have great development in constructional engineering.Lightweight aggregate concrete is light,strong,fireproofing and durability,these characteristics are of great advantage in high-rise and large-span bridge’s construction.So lightweight aggregate concrete has become an important direction of concrete.We must do a comprehensive and systemic study towards the force behavior of Lightweight aggregate concrete to promote the use of Lightweight aggregate concrete in construction,so that we can provide necessary operation basis to the engineers and technicians.
Local compression is a common engineering structure in the form of force,for example,post-tensioned priestesses concrete structure anchored end zone,directly under the bearing plate of the local concentrated loads from the bridge pier hat,The hinged steel arch or support points all have local compression problem.
Learn from foreign experience in preparation of lightweight aggregate concrete,and referring the relevant research results,in this paper,the author uses lightweight aggregate to produce the lightweight aggregate concrete mixing water reducing,and do research about the local compression.The full text is divided into six chapters,Chapter III,Chapters IV and V is the focal points of this article.
Chapter I introduces the background,meaning and content of this research.With the development of construction technology,construction develops to large-span,high-level,so as to decrease the structure section,reduce the structure weight,the concrete must be of great strong and light weight.Because the lightweight aggregate and lightweight aggregate concrete get over the shortcoming of the concrete’s heaviness,the production of lightweight aggregate and the use of lightweight aggregate concrete have become a important subject all of the world.Local compression is a common force form in engineering structure,the scholar at home and aboard do many experiment and study on common concrete local compression problem.But there are rare scholars doing research on lightweight aggregate concrete’s local compression problem.
Chapter II introduce the lightweight aggregate and lightweight aggregate concrete’s definition and classification. Lightweight aggregate concrete can be divided into three main categories by the use:thermal insulation of lightweight aggregate concrete,structural insulating lightweight aggregate concrete,structural lightweight aggregate concrete.This paper mainly studies the local compression of the structure of lightweight aggregate concrete.Structural lightweight aggregate concrete has the advantages of light weight,high strength,fire resistance,and good seismic performance,impermeability,and durability,and comprehensive technical and economic effect.
Chapter III,the focus of this paper, mainly studies the lightweight aggregate concrete theory. Local compression is the most common engineering structures form other researchers at home and aboard also carried out a series of experiment studies,at the same time,they worked out some mechanical models of the working principle of concrete partial pressure,which include the more classical theory such as hoop theory,the theoretical splitting wedge.This chapter studie the working principle of concrete local compression,and explain the local compression process of cracking and damage of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete with arching theory in according to wedge theory,it works out the mechanical model of local compression problem of lightweight aggregate concrete,and derives more satisfaction theoretical formula with limit equilibrium method.Through analysis of test data,we obtain the practical calculating formula in harmony with the normative formula.
Chapter IV is the core of this article.On the basis of the experiments,this chapter studies the effects of different board positions,different forms of pressure and pore Board to the local compression strength of lightweight aggregate concrete.Through experimental analysis,we can see that the local compression strength and damage are the same as ordinary concrete,it can be divided into first-cracking-post-damage,cracking with damage and particle sink.In same condition of area and pressure,the lightweight aggregate concrete circularβpressure value is slightly larger than rectangular board pressure,and theβvalues of square partial pressure is between the two;theβvalues of trial target with holes has a direct relationship with the size of the holes,Bigger the holes,lower the local compression strength;bigger the ei,lower the local compression strength of roundness load;we can use reasonable Ab value calculating method to measure the effect of ei to paricle pressure strength.This chapter gives the design procedure of Ab,the calculation results from the method is in line with the measured value.
Chapter V studies the strength of shear joints,and put the theoretical formula for local compression in use designing steel shear connectors.Through experimental analysis,we can consider the steel shear connector’s pressure stress as local compression,and we can use the formula of local compression theory in the paper into the steel shear connectors’design.As for the normal size of the bolt shear connectors nail,the concrete stress state is complex under screw bolt,so it can not be calculated by the local compression theory.
Chapter VI is the final chapter of this article.Be a summary of the full text,it summarizes the work and proposes the next step of the research.
Innovation of this article:
(1)propose the change rules of the local compression strength of lightweight aggregate concrete.
(2)study the effects of different forms,holes to the strength of local compression and the calculating method of Ab value.
(3)study the differences of local compression between lightweight aggregate concrete and ordinary concrete.
(4)propose the calculating method of Ab value of the circular component’s local compression,especially small component.
(5)study the use of local compression in designing the shearing connector.
为了研究轻骨料混凝土的局部承压问题,本文设计了五个系列试验:荷载作用形式的影响、荷载作用位置的影响、孔洞的影响、圆形局压Ab的取值和局部承压在剪力连接件设计中的应用。
本文在试验研究的基础上,分析了轻骨料混凝土局部承压的破坏机理,明确了荷载作用形式、荷载作用位置、孔洞等对轻骨料混凝土局部承压强度的影响规律。由于轻骨料混凝土局部承压的破坏形态与普通混凝土相似,可以考虑对二者采用相同的承压机理和破坏模型进行计算分析,故本文根据楔劈理论提出了轻骨料混凝土局部承压强度的计算模型。通过试验数据分析,轻骨料混凝土的局部承压强度提高系数β低于普通混凝土,规范计算公式对轻骨料混凝土偏于不安全。
本文根据楔形体模型及极限平衡原理推导出理论计算公式并建立了实用的计算公式,计算结果与试验符合良好,并将公式应用于剪力连接件的设计中。
In recent years,the maturity of lightweight aggregate concrete material has made it have great development in constructional engineering.Lightweight aggregate concrete is light,strong,fireproofing and durability,these characteristics are of great advantage in high-rise and large-span bridge’s construction.So lightweight aggregate concrete has become an important direction of concrete.We must do a comprehensive and systemic study towards the force behavior of Lightweight aggregate concrete to promote the use of Lightweight aggregate concrete in construction,so that we can provide necessary operation basis to the engineers and technicians.
Local compression is a common engineering structure in the form of force,for example,post-tensioned priestesses concrete structure anchored end zone,directly under the bearing plate of the local concentrated loads from the bridge pier hat,The hinged steel arch or support points all have local compression problem.
Learn from foreign experience in preparation of lightweight aggregate concrete,and referring the relevant research results,in this paper,the author uses lightweight aggregate to produce the lightweight aggregate concrete mixing water reducing,and do research about the local compression.The full text is divided into six chapters,Chapter III,Chapters IV and V is the focal points of this article.
Chapter I introduces the background,meaning and content of this research.With the development of construction technology,construction develops to large-span,high-level,so as to decrease the structure section,reduce the structure weight,the concrete must be of great strong and light weight.Because the lightweight aggregate and lightweight aggregate concrete get over the shortcoming of the concrete’s heaviness,the production of lightweight aggregate and the use of lightweight aggregate concrete have become a important subject all of the world.Local compression is a common force form in engineering structure,the scholar at home and aboard do many experiment and study on common concrete local compression problem.But there are rare scholars doing research on lightweight aggregate concrete’s local compression problem.
Chapter II introduce the lightweight aggregate and lightweight aggregate concrete’s definition and classification. Lightweight aggregate concrete can be divided into three main categories by the use:thermal insulation of lightweight aggregate concrete,structural insulating lightweight aggregate concrete,structural lightweight aggregate concrete.This paper mainly studies the local compression of the structure of lightweight aggregate concrete.Structural lightweight aggregate concrete has the advantages of light weight,high strength,fire resistance,and good seismic performance,impermeability,and durability,and comprehensive technical and economic effect.
Chapter III,the focus of this paper, mainly studies the lightweight aggregate concrete theory. Local compression is the most common engineering structures form other researchers at home and aboard also carried out a series of experiment studies,at the same time,they worked out some mechanical models of the working principle of concrete partial pressure,which include the more classical theory such as hoop theory,the theoretical splitting wedge.This chapter studie the working principle of concrete local compression,and explain the local compression process of cracking and damage of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete with arching theory in according to wedge theory,it works out the mechanical model of local compression problem of lightweight aggregate concrete,and derives more satisfaction theoretical formula with limit equilibrium method.Through analysis of test data,we obtain the practical calculating formula in harmony with the normative formula.
Chapter IV is the core of this article.On the basis of the experiments,this chapter studies the effects of different board positions,different forms of pressure and pore Board to the local compression strength of lightweight aggregate concrete.Through experimental analysis,we can see that the local compression strength and damage are the same as ordinary concrete,it can be divided into first-cracking-post-damage,cracking with damage and particle sink.In same condition of area and pressure,the lightweight aggregate concrete circularβpressure value is slightly larger than rectangular board pressure,and theβvalues of square partial pressure is between the two;theβvalues of trial target with holes has a direct relationship with the size of the holes,Bigger the holes,lower the local compression strength;bigger the ei,lower the local compression strength of roundness load;we can use reasonable Ab value calculating method to measure the effect of ei to paricle pressure strength.This chapter gives the design procedure of Ab,the calculation results from the method is in line with the measured value.
Chapter V studies the strength of shear joints,and put the theoretical formula for local compression in use designing steel shear connectors.Through experimental analysis,we can consider the steel shear connector’s pressure stress as local compression,and we can use the formula of local compression theory in the paper into the steel shear connectors’design.As for the normal size of the bolt shear connectors nail,the concrete stress state is complex under screw bolt,so it can not be calculated by the local compression theory.
Chapter VI is the final chapter of this article.Be a summary of the full text,it summarizes the work and proposes the next step of the research.
Innovation of this article:
(1)propose the change rules of the local compression strength of lightweight aggregate concrete.
(2)study the effects of different forms,holes to the strength of local compression and the calculating method of Ab value.
(3)study the differences of local compression between lightweight aggregate concrete and ordinary concrete.
(4)propose the calculating method of Ab value of the circular component’s local compression,especially small component.
(5)study the use of local compression in designing the shearing connector.
引文
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[2]Euroligcon.LWAC materials properties state-of-the-art[M].1998:12-16.
[3]龚洛书.高强陶粒和高性能轻集料混凝土[J].混凝土,2000,2:7-11.
[4]Haug A K.Fjeld S.A floating concrete platform hull made of lightweight aggregate concrete[J].Engineering Structures,1996,18 (11):831-836.
[5]Zhang M H,Gjorv O E.Mechanical properties of high-strength lightweight concrete[J].ACI Materials Journal,1981,88(3):240-247.
[6]陈岩.高强轻骨料混凝土配合比设计及性能研究[D].吉林:吉林大学,2007.
[7]邵永健.轻骨料混凝土材料的强度指标及其统计参数[J].工业建筑,2007,27(8):82-85.
[8]董淑慧,葛勇,袁杰,张宝生.轻骨料混凝土的收缩性能研究[J].混凝土,2008,2:47-49.
[9]孙海林,叶列平,丁建彤,郭玉顺.高强轻骨料混凝土收缩和徐变试验[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2007,47(6):765-767,780.
[10]辛全仓,张殿明,王振军,何廷树.自密实轻骨料混凝土配合比设计研究[J].公路,2007,5(5):158-160.
[11]刘数华,阎培渝.高性能轻骨料混凝土在桥梁工程中应用的研究进展[J].公路,2006,8(8):176-179.
[12]张宝生,孔丽娟,袁杰,葛勇.轻骨料预湿程度对混合骨料混凝土力学性能的影响[J].混凝土,2006,10:24-26,30.
[13]宋小雷,孙燕秋,曾志兴.钢纤维陶粒混凝土基本力学性能的试验[J].工业建筑,2008,38(1):81-83.
[14]Meyerhof G G.The bearing capacity of concrete and rock[J].Magazine of Concrete Research,1953,4(12):107-116.
[15]刘永颐,关建光,周凤濂,王传志.混凝土和配筋混凝土的局部承压强度[R].建筑科学研究报告.北京:中国建筑科学研究院,1982,25:1-47.
[16]An T,Baird D L.Bearing capacity of concrete blocks[J].ACI,1960,31(9):869-879.
[17]蔡绍怀.混凝土及配筋混凝土的局部承压强度[J].土木工程学报,1963,9(6):1-10.
[18]Hawkins N M.The bearing strength of concrete loaded through rigid plates[J].Magazine of Concrete Research,1968a,20(62):31-40.
[19]Hawkins N M.The bearing strength of concrete loaded through flexible plates[J].Magazine of Concrete Research,1968b,20(63):95-102.
[20]Chen W F et.Bearing capacity of concrete blocks or rocks.Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division[J]. Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers,1973,12(6):1314-1321.
[21]曹声远,杨熙坤.混凝土局部承压的工作机理及强度理论.哈尔滨建筑工程学院,1982,3:44-53.
[22]Hawkins N M.The bearing strength of concrete for strip loading[J].Magazine Of Concrete Research,1970,22(71):87-98.
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