女性服刑人员中精神创伤与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的关系以及PTSD的心理学、认知功能、神经生化研究
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摘要
目的：
拟从流行病学、心理学、认知功能，以及精神生化等多个角度论述我国女性服刑人员的创伤性事件与PTSD的关系，强调在这些服刑人员中对精神创伤，特别是对儿童期性创伤进行筛查和干预对阻止她们发展为PTSD，和提高其接受人性化分类教育和改造水平有十分重要的现实意义。
方法：
(1)在湖南新路职业学校中，采用多级随机整群抽样的原则抽取471个女性服刑人员，分为青少年年少组(年龄≤25岁)和年长组(＞25岁)。采用自我报告和访谈相结合的方法评估她们的心理学特征及DSM-Ⅳ PTSD诊断。自我报告包括创伤性生活事件问卷(TLEQ)、事件影响量表(IES-R)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、社会支持量表(SSRS)、特质应对方式(TCSQ)、自杀问卷；采用临床用PTSD定式评估问卷(CAPS)评估其精神创伤和PTSD诊断。
(2)采用Wisconsin卡片分类测验(WCST)、韦氏记忆量表(WMS)、言语流畅性实验(VFT)和注意划消测验对其中47个女犯PTSD患者，和年龄、受教育年限、物质滥用史、关押时间等匹配的36个女犯对照组，进行记忆、执行功能、言语流畅性和注意力的认知测验；采用高效液相色谱电化学检测法(HPLC-ECD)和放射免疫技术测定她们的血清皮质醇、血浆儿茶酚胺CA(NE、E、DA)和5-羟色胺(5-HT)及其代谢产物，和血浆神经肽-Y(NPY)水平。为了控制混杂因素的影响，采用协方差分析有无PTSD两组认知功能、生化指标之间的差异；协相关分析它们之间的关系。
结果：
(1)90.4％的女性服刑人员至少经历1件创伤性事件，63.7％至少经历3件或以上的多重创伤性事件。青少年年少组女犯的创伤事件数
OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has previously been documented within various traumatized groups in western countries. In the present study, the authors investigated the relationship between frequency and type of traumatic events and the prevalence of PTSD from various aspects of research such as epidemilogy, psychology, cognitive function and psychobiochemitry among female inmates in China.
METHODS: (1) A structured psychiatric interview, self-report Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire, Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Symptom Checklist-90-Revised, Social Supporting Rating Scale, Trait Coping Style Questionnaire, Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire-Adults and Suicide Questionnaire were administered to a subset of 471 female members who were randomly selected from Hunan New Road Occupational School, in Hunan female prison, China. DSM-IV diagnoses were assigned by consensus after the interviews were evaluated by independent assessors. (2) Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Wechsler Memory Scale, Verbal Fluency Test and Attention Test were administed by 47 female inmates with PTSD and 36 age-, education-, histories of substance abuse-and incarcerating time-matched controls. The plasma catecholamine (DA, NE, E), 5-HT, neuropeptide-Y (NPY) levels and the serum cortisol level were detected by immunoradiometric assay or high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-ED). Partial correlations between psychobio-chemiry and cognitive function and IES-R were analyzed.
RESULTS: (1) The prevalence of current PTSD was 10.6%(N=50) and 90.4% of the subjects (N=426) had experienced at least one traumatic
拟从流行病学、心理学、认知功能，以及精神生化等多个角度论述我国女性服刑人员的创伤性事件与PTSD的关系，强调在这些服刑人员中对精神创伤，特别是对儿童期性创伤进行筛查和干预对阻止她们发展为PTSD，和提高其接受人性化分类教育和改造水平有十分重要的现实意义。
方法：
(1)在湖南新路职业学校中，采用多级随机整群抽样的原则抽取471个女性服刑人员，分为青少年年少组(年龄≤25岁)和年长组(＞25岁)。采用自我报告和访谈相结合的方法评估她们的心理学特征及DSM-Ⅳ PTSD诊断。自我报告包括创伤性生活事件问卷(TLEQ)、事件影响量表(IES-R)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、社会支持量表(SSRS)、特质应对方式(TCSQ)、自杀问卷；采用临床用PTSD定式评估问卷(CAPS)评估其精神创伤和PTSD诊断。
(2)采用Wisconsin卡片分类测验(WCST)、韦氏记忆量表(WMS)、言语流畅性实验(VFT)和注意划消测验对其中47个女犯PTSD患者，和年龄、受教育年限、物质滥用史、关押时间等匹配的36个女犯对照组，进行记忆、执行功能、言语流畅性和注意力的认知测验；采用高效液相色谱电化学检测法(HPLC-ECD)和放射免疫技术测定她们的血清皮质醇、血浆儿茶酚胺CA(NE、E、DA)和5-羟色胺(5-HT)及其代谢产物，和血浆神经肽-Y(NPY)水平。为了控制混杂因素的影响，采用协方差分析有无PTSD两组认知功能、生化指标之间的差异；协相关分析它们之间的关系。
结果：
(1)90.4％的女性服刑人员至少经历1件创伤性事件，63.7％至少经历3件或以上的多重创伤性事件。青少年年少组女犯的创伤事件数
OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has previously been documented within various traumatized groups in western countries. In the present study, the authors investigated the relationship between frequency and type of traumatic events and the prevalence of PTSD from various aspects of research such as epidemilogy, psychology, cognitive function and psychobiochemitry among female inmates in China.
METHODS: (1) A structured psychiatric interview, self-report Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire, Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Symptom Checklist-90-Revised, Social Supporting Rating Scale, Trait Coping Style Questionnaire, Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire-Adults and Suicide Questionnaire were administered to a subset of 471 female members who were randomly selected from Hunan New Road Occupational School, in Hunan female prison, China. DSM-IV diagnoses were assigned by consensus after the interviews were evaluated by independent assessors. (2) Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Wechsler Memory Scale, Verbal Fluency Test and Attention Test were administed by 47 female inmates with PTSD and 36 age-, education-, histories of substance abuse-and incarcerating time-matched controls. The plasma catecholamine (DA, NE, E), 5-HT, neuropeptide-Y (NPY) levels and the serum cortisol level were detected by immunoradiometric assay or high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-ED). Partial correlations between psychobio-chemiry and cognitive function and IES-R were analyzed.
RESULTS: (1) The prevalence of current PTSD was 10.6%(N=50) and 90.4% of the subjects (N=426) had experienced at least one traumatic
引文
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