生长期波杂山羊钙磷代谢规律及需要量研究
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摘要
本研究包括三个试验，目的是通过研究生长期波杂山羊（波尔山羊♂×萨
能奶山羊♀）钙磷代谢规律，测定波杂山羊钙磷需要量参数。
试验 1 选用 8 头 3 月龄波杂山羊，通过调控日粮，设定四种目标增重水
平，研究了波杂山羊不同日粮条件下钙磷的代谢规律，筛选波杂山羊钙磷代
谢相关的敏感指标，拟合沉积钙（g/d）和沉积磷（g/d）与体增重（G，g/d）、
DMI(g/d)和钙采食量（I，g/d）的相关关系式为：
沉积 Ca=0.4765*I＋0.0021DMI－0.0017G－1.6356(R2=0.948，P<0.001)
沉积 P=－1.001*I＋0.0037DMI－0.0022G－0.9208(R2=0.672，P<0.05)
试验 2 选用 8 头 14 月龄波杂山羊，通过在基础日粮中添加钙，研究四种
不同钙水平日粮（1.36g/d，3.65g/d，7.16g/d，11.77g/d）对钙磷代谢的影响，
拟合钙采食量（X，g/d）与日增重(Z，g/d)、沉积钙(Y，g/d)相关关系式为：
Y＝－0.0259X2+ 0.4569X－0.6715
R2=0.9937 P<0.001
Z＝－1.1416X2+15.677X+142.28
R2=0.8388 P<0.001
试验 3 选用 8 头 15 月龄波杂山羊，通过在基础日粮中添加磷，研究四种
不同磷水平日粮（0.89g/d，1.31g/d，2.55g/d，4.16g/d）对钙磷代谢的影响，
拟合了磷采食量(X，g/d)与日增重（G，g/d）、沉积磷(Y，g/d)相关关系式为：
Y=－0.157X2+0.848X－0.751 R2=0.9459 P<0.001
G＝－21.83X2+108.86X－57.53 R2=0.9905 P<0.001
对钙磷代谢规律的研究表明，波杂山羊采食低钙或低磷日粮，导致体内
钙磷代谢负平衡，钙的吸收率随钙采食量的增加而降低；波杂山羊磷的吸收
率较高，当日粮中磷的浓度较高时，严重影响磷的吸收率。血清 PTH 和 AKP
活性呈周期性变化，对血浆钙磷浓度变化敏感。
本研究测定了特定阶段波杂山羊钙磷需要量参数，14 月龄波杂山羊钙的
维持需要为 22.4 mg/kgLW·d，钙的生长净需要量为 5.73 g/kgLWG；15 月龄波
杂山羊磷的维持需要为 25.0 mg/kgLW·d，磷的生长净需要量为 4.95g/kgLWG。
The following three experiments measure the calcium and phosphorus metabolism
of growing crossbred Boer goats (a crossbreed between male Boer goats and
female Saanen goats), in an effort to determine the calcium and phosphorus
requirements of those crossbred Boer goats.
The first experiment involved eight 3-month old crossbred Boer goats. They
were given four differently formulated rations with different target body weights.
The sensitivity indexes were determined in relation to the metabolism of calcium
and phosphorus. In this study, two formulas were derived showing the
relationship between the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus with the average
daily gain (ADG) (G ,g/d), DMI ( g/d), and the daily calcium intake (I, g/d).
d-Ca＝0.4765*I＋0.0021DMI－0.0017G－1.6356 (R2=0.948，P<0.001)
d-P＝－1.001*I＋0.0037DMI－0.0022G－0.9208 (R2=0.672， P<0.05)
The second experiment involved eight 14-month old crossbred Boer goats. In
order to measure the effect of calcium content on calcium and phosphorus
metabolism, these goats were given four different base rations of various calcium
content (1.36 g/d，3.65g/d，7.16g/d，11.77g/d). In this study, two formulas were
derived showing the relationship between the daily calcium intake (X, g/d) with
ADG(G, g/d) and the metabolism of calcium(Y, g/d).
Y＝－0.0259 X2+ 0.4569X－0.6715 R2=0.9937 P<0.001
G＝－1.1416 X2+15.677X+142.28 R2=0.8388 P<0.001
The third experiment involved eight 15-month old crossbred Boer goats. In order
to measure the effect of phosphorus content on calcium and phosphorus
metabolism, these goats were given four different base rations of various
phosphorus content (0.89g/d，1.31g/d，2.55g/d，4.16g/d). In this study, two
formulas were derived showing the relationship between the daily phosphorus
intake (X, g/d) with ADG(G, g/d) and the metabolism of phosphorus (Y, g/d).
Y＝－0.157X2+0.848X－0.751 R2=0.9459 P<0.001
G＝－21.83X2+108.86X－57.53 R2=0.9905 P<0.001
生长期波杂山羊钙磷代谢规律及需要量研究
This research on the calcium and phosphorus metabolism of crossbred Boer goats
has yielded the following insights: first, rations low in calcium or phosphorus
result in an internal calcium and phosphorus metabolic imbalance. Second,
calcium absorption decreases as the calcium content in the ration increases. Third,
because the inherent rate of phosphorus absorption is relatively high, rations with
high concentrations of phosphorus have serious effects on the rate of phosphorus
absorption. Fourth, serum activity of PTH and AKP is cyclic in nature; this
activity is also sensitive to changes in plasma concentration of calcium and
phosphorus.
This research has also identified the calcium and phosphorus maintenance and
growth requirements of crossbred Boer goats at the 14 and 15 month stages of
development. 14-month old crossbred Boer goats have a calcium maintenance
requirement of 22.4 mg/kgLW/d and a calcium growth requirement of 5.73
g/kgLWG; 15-month old crossbred Boer goats have a phosphorus maintenance
requirement of 25 mg/kgLW/d and a phosphorus growth requirement of 4.95
g/kgLWG.
能奶山羊♀）钙磷代谢规律，测定波杂山羊钙磷需要量参数。
试验 1 选用 8 头 3 月龄波杂山羊，通过调控日粮，设定四种目标增重水
平，研究了波杂山羊不同日粮条件下钙磷的代谢规律，筛选波杂山羊钙磷代
谢相关的敏感指标，拟合沉积钙（g/d）和沉积磷（g/d）与体增重（G，g/d）、
DMI(g/d)和钙采食量（I，g/d）的相关关系式为：
沉积 Ca=0.4765*I＋0.0021DMI－0.0017G－1.6356(R2=0.948，P<0.001)
沉积 P=－1.001*I＋0.0037DMI－0.0022G－0.9208(R2=0.672，P<0.05)
试验 2 选用 8 头 14 月龄波杂山羊，通过在基础日粮中添加钙，研究四种
不同钙水平日粮（1.36g/d，3.65g/d，7.16g/d，11.77g/d）对钙磷代谢的影响，
拟合钙采食量（X，g/d）与日增重(Z，g/d)、沉积钙(Y，g/d)相关关系式为：
Y＝－0.0259X2+ 0.4569X－0.6715
R2=0.9937 P<0.001
Z＝－1.1416X2+15.677X+142.28
R2=0.8388 P<0.001
试验 3 选用 8 头 15 月龄波杂山羊，通过在基础日粮中添加磷，研究四种
不同磷水平日粮（0.89g/d，1.31g/d，2.55g/d，4.16g/d）对钙磷代谢的影响，
拟合了磷采食量(X，g/d)与日增重（G，g/d）、沉积磷(Y，g/d)相关关系式为：
Y=－0.157X2+0.848X－0.751 R2=0.9459 P<0.001
G＝－21.83X2+108.86X－57.53 R2=0.9905 P<0.001
对钙磷代谢规律的研究表明，波杂山羊采食低钙或低磷日粮，导致体内
钙磷代谢负平衡，钙的吸收率随钙采食量的增加而降低；波杂山羊磷的吸收
率较高，当日粮中磷的浓度较高时，严重影响磷的吸收率。血清 PTH 和 AKP
活性呈周期性变化，对血浆钙磷浓度变化敏感。
本研究测定了特定阶段波杂山羊钙磷需要量参数，14 月龄波杂山羊钙的
维持需要为 22.4 mg/kgLW·d，钙的生长净需要量为 5.73 g/kgLWG；15 月龄波
杂山羊磷的维持需要为 25.0 mg/kgLW·d，磷的生长净需要量为 4.95g/kgLWG。
The following three experiments measure the calcium and phosphorus metabolism
of growing crossbred Boer goats (a crossbreed between male Boer goats and
female Saanen goats), in an effort to determine the calcium and phosphorus
requirements of those crossbred Boer goats.
The first experiment involved eight 3-month old crossbred Boer goats. They
were given four differently formulated rations with different target body weights.
The sensitivity indexes were determined in relation to the metabolism of calcium
and phosphorus. In this study, two formulas were derived showing the
relationship between the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus with the average
daily gain (ADG) (G ,g/d), DMI ( g/d), and the daily calcium intake (I, g/d).
d-Ca＝0.4765*I＋0.0021DMI－0.0017G－1.6356 (R2=0.948，P<0.001)
d-P＝－1.001*I＋0.0037DMI－0.0022G－0.9208 (R2=0.672， P<0.05)
The second experiment involved eight 14-month old crossbred Boer goats. In
order to measure the effect of calcium content on calcium and phosphorus
metabolism, these goats were given four different base rations of various calcium
content (1.36 g/d，3.65g/d，7.16g/d，11.77g/d). In this study, two formulas were
derived showing the relationship between the daily calcium intake (X, g/d) with
ADG(G, g/d) and the metabolism of calcium(Y, g/d).
Y＝－0.0259 X2+ 0.4569X－0.6715 R2=0.9937 P<0.001
G＝－1.1416 X2+15.677X+142.28 R2=0.8388 P<0.001
The third experiment involved eight 15-month old crossbred Boer goats. In order
to measure the effect of phosphorus content on calcium and phosphorus
metabolism, these goats were given four different base rations of various
phosphorus content (0.89g/d，1.31g/d，2.55g/d，4.16g/d). In this study, two
formulas were derived showing the relationship between the daily phosphorus
intake (X, g/d) with ADG(G, g/d) and the metabolism of phosphorus (Y, g/d).
Y＝－0.157X2+0.848X－0.751 R2=0.9459 P<0.001
G＝－21.83X2+108.86X－57.53 R2=0.9905 P<0.001
生长期波杂山羊钙磷代谢规律及需要量研究
This research on the calcium and phosphorus metabolism of crossbred Boer goats
has yielded the following insights: first, rations low in calcium or phosphorus
result in an internal calcium and phosphorus metabolic imbalance. Second,
calcium absorption decreases as the calcium content in the ration increases. Third,
because the inherent rate of phosphorus absorption is relatively high, rations with
high concentrations of phosphorus have serious effects on the rate of phosphorus
absorption. Fourth, serum activity of PTH and AKP is cyclic in nature; this
activity is also sensitive to changes in plasma concentration of calcium and
phosphorus.
This research has also identified the calcium and phosphorus maintenance and
growth requirements of crossbred Boer goats at the 14 and 15 month stages of
development. 14-month old crossbred Boer goats have a calcium maintenance
requirement of 22.4 mg/kgLW/d and a calcium growth requirement of 5.73
g/kgLWG; 15-month old crossbred Boer goats have a phosphorus maintenance
requirement of 25 mg/kgLW/d and a phosphorus growth requirement of 4.95
g/kgLWG.
引文
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2. 卢德勋．1994．实现羊营养模型化\计算机化—试论我国羊营养需要量研究的新目
标．动物营养研究进展．36-47．
3. 倪可德等编译．农畜矿物质营养．1995．上海科学技术出版社．
4. 田保平等．1998．山羊矿物质需要量的研究进展.甘肃畜牧兽医．28(3)：31～33．
5. 王宗元，曹光辛，胡在朝，丁迎伟等编著．动物矿物质营养代谢与疾病．1995．上海
科学技术出版社．
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