杂交中稻组合农艺性状比较及试验小区边际效应研究
|
摘要
以湖南中稻高产组区域试验14个参试的杂交中稻组合(品种)为材料,按完全随机区组试验设计方法于2010年种植在湖南邵阳湖南省中稻高产组区域试验点,分析了14个杂交稻组合的农艺性状,旨在筛选出适合湖南邵阳种植的杂交稻新组合,并为湖南省中稻高产组区试品种评价提供依据。此外,对不同品种小区的边际效应及其与产量性状的关系进行了研究,旨在为杂交水稻新组合的选育提供参考。论文的主要结论如下：
1)参试品种产量水平介于554.60-618.OOkg/667m2,平均583.21kg/667 m2,比对照两优培九的564.33kg/667 m2增产3.34%。11个参试品种比对照增产,其中内香5A/263 (MCQ52)、奥两优579(MCQ58)、天盛18号(MCQ51)和C两优45(MCQ57)等4个品种比对照增产达显著水平,生育期适宜,农艺性状整齐且优良,可以进一步参加下阶段试验。对邵阳点与湖南全省区试资料比较分析,可以看出邵阳区试点的产量代表性好。
2)边际效应大小依次为单株有效穗数>每穗实粒数>每穗总粒数>结实率>千粒重。所有品系(种)单株有效穗数均表现为正向边际效应,千粒重总体上表现为负向边际效应,其他产量性状的边际效应的方向与具体品种有关。单株产量存在显著的边际效应,因品种间而异,介于18.16-46.64%,平均边际效应为33.02%。边际效应的存在,影响了采用小区产量来评价品种产量位序的准确性。相关分析表明,有效穗数、每穗总粒数等性状本身的大小与边际效应无显著相关关系。小区产量边际效应与品种的穗粒结构特性有关,一般大穗型品种即每穗粒数多的品种小区产量边际效应较大,而多穗型品种小区产量的边际效应较小。
As varieties materials of high-yield group Hunan Rice 14 regional trial tested, ac cording to randomized complete block experimental design method in 2010 mid-seaso n rice grown in high-yield Hunan Shaoyang area test points, analysis of the 14 combin ations of agronomic traits of hybrid rice, which can filter out suitable planting of hybri d rice in Hunan Shaoyang new combination. In addition, the marginal effect of differe nt species and cell yield relationship of the rearch, Aimed at breeding new hybrid rice combination to provide reference.Conclusions of this paper as follows:
1) The yield of the tested varieties were varied between 554.6-618.00kg/667m2, with an average of 583.21kg/667m2,3.34% higher than that of the control Liangyoupeijiu of 564.33kg/667m2.11 tested varieties yield than the control, among them, four varieties including Niexiang5A/263, Aoliangyou 579, Tiansheng18 and Claingyou45 with higher yield than that of the control at significant level, reasonable growth duration and other excellent agronomic traits, can be participate in the next phase of testing. The data also indicated that the pilot areas of Shaoyang is suitable for region test.
2) The order of the marginal effect is panicles per plant> total grains per panicle> filled grains per panicle> seed setting rate> 1000-grain-weight. The trait of panicles per plant of all strains were showed positive marginal effect, nevertheless, the 1000-grain-weight showed negative marginal effect. There are obviously marginal effect and significant difference among the varieties for the yield per plant. The marginal effect of yield per plant, ranged from 18.16-46.64%, with an average of 33.02%. The accuracy of yield evaluation with the experiment plot was affected by the marginal effect. For the trait of panicles per plant and total grains per panicle, the values were not correlated to the marginal effects at significant level. The marginal effect of plot yield was related to the yield traits. In general, the marginal effect of large panicle varieties was higher than that of the small ones.
1)参试品种产量水平介于554.60-618.OOkg/667m2,平均583.21kg/667 m2,比对照两优培九的564.33kg/667 m2增产3.34%。11个参试品种比对照增产,其中内香5A/263 (MCQ52)、奥两优579(MCQ58)、天盛18号(MCQ51)和C两优45(MCQ57)等4个品种比对照增产达显著水平,生育期适宜,农艺性状整齐且优良,可以进一步参加下阶段试验。对邵阳点与湖南全省区试资料比较分析,可以看出邵阳区试点的产量代表性好。
2)边际效应大小依次为单株有效穗数>每穗实粒数>每穗总粒数>结实率>千粒重。所有品系(种)单株有效穗数均表现为正向边际效应,千粒重总体上表现为负向边际效应,其他产量性状的边际效应的方向与具体品种有关。单株产量存在显著的边际效应,因品种间而异,介于18.16-46.64%,平均边际效应为33.02%。边际效应的存在,影响了采用小区产量来评价品种产量位序的准确性。相关分析表明,有效穗数、每穗总粒数等性状本身的大小与边际效应无显著相关关系。小区产量边际效应与品种的穗粒结构特性有关,一般大穗型品种即每穗粒数多的品种小区产量边际效应较大,而多穗型品种小区产量的边际效应较小。
As varieties materials of high-yield group Hunan Rice 14 regional trial tested, ac cording to randomized complete block experimental design method in 2010 mid-seaso n rice grown in high-yield Hunan Shaoyang area test points, analysis of the 14 combin ations of agronomic traits of hybrid rice, which can filter out suitable planting of hybri d rice in Hunan Shaoyang new combination. In addition, the marginal effect of differe nt species and cell yield relationship of the rearch, Aimed at breeding new hybrid rice combination to provide reference.Conclusions of this paper as follows:
1) The yield of the tested varieties were varied between 554.6-618.00kg/667m2, with an average of 583.21kg/667m2,3.34% higher than that of the control Liangyoupeijiu of 564.33kg/667m2.11 tested varieties yield than the control, among them, four varieties including Niexiang5A/263, Aoliangyou 579, Tiansheng18 and Claingyou45 with higher yield than that of the control at significant level, reasonable growth duration and other excellent agronomic traits, can be participate in the next phase of testing. The data also indicated that the pilot areas of Shaoyang is suitable for region test.
2) The order of the marginal effect is panicles per plant> total grains per panicle> filled grains per panicle> seed setting rate> 1000-grain-weight. The trait of panicles per plant of all strains were showed positive marginal effect, nevertheless, the 1000-grain-weight showed negative marginal effect. There are obviously marginal effect and significant difference among the varieties for the yield per plant. The marginal effect of yield per plant, ranged from 18.16-46.64%, with an average of 33.02%. The accuracy of yield evaluation with the experiment plot was affected by the marginal effect. For the trait of panicles per plant and total grains per panicle, the values were not correlated to the marginal effects at significant level. The marginal effect of plot yield was related to the yield traits. In general, the marginal effect of large panicle varieties was higher than that of the small ones.
引文
[1]湖南省种子管局.湖南省农作物品种区域试验总结报告[R].2009.
[2]中华人民共和国国家统计局.中国统计年鉴-2009年[M].中国统计出版社,北京,2009.
[3]周赛群.湖南省农作物品种区域试验现状与发展对策[J].湖南农业科学,2010,7(29)：102-106.
[4]傅黎明.湖南省1976-2000年区试杂交水稻资料分析[D].湖南农业大学硕士论文.2003.
[5]湖南省种子管局.湖南省农作物品种区域试验总结报告[R].1984-2010年.
[6]陈立云,唐文帮,肖应辉,等.广适性超高产杂交水稻选育的新成就与体会[J].杂交水稻,2010(S1)：54-58.
[7]劳绍雄.进一步提高水稻品种增产能力的探讨[J].作物研究.1988,2(2)：4-8.
[8]严钦泉.1972-1986年湖南水稻推广品种(组合)情况浅析[J].作物研究.1988,2(2)：9-13.
[9]黄志强,潘熙淦.南方稻区籼型杂交水稻区域试验20年[J].杂交水稻.1994,(3-4)：86-88.
[10]敬金星,李瑞蓉.湖南省近年早稻区试结果分析[J].中国稻米,1999.1：16-18.
[11]Beecher,W J. Nesting Birds and the Vegetation Substrate[J].Chicago Or mythological Society,1942, Chicago.
[12]徐艳荣,孙发明,焦仁海,等.不同品种的边际效应对玉米产量影响分析[J].玉米科学2010,18(2)：85-87.
[13]滕卫丽,韩英鹏,李文滨.不同叶形大豆品种产量性状边际效应指数分析[J].大豆科学,2008,27(3)：420-422,427.
[14]张锥域.不同栽培措施对小麦边行优势的影响与充分利用小麦边行优势的意见[J].河南职业技术师范学院学报,1976(00)：36-39,35.
[15]沈福成.水稻的边际效应与育种[J].贵州农业科学,1984(6)：11-13.
[16]陈丹红.水稻小区边行优势与选种的关系[J].福建稻麦科技,1991(4)：12-15.
[17]郭守斌,帅国元,刘志贤.水稻边际效应型高产栽培技术探讨[J].杂交水稻,2008,23(6)：40-43.
[18]郭秀凤,李传华.水稻宽窄行栽培技术[J].现代农业科技,2008(4)：144-148.
[19]龚德平,林红军.大麦试验小区边际效应及其对试验准确度的影响[J].大麦科学,1995,42(1)：33-35.
[20]刘远坤,姚晓萍,倪克鱼.水稻边际效应及其对试验结果的影响[J].贵州农业科学,1985(3)：10-13.
[21]陈志德,仲维功,杨杰,等.水稻品种产量试验的边际效应分析[J].金陵科技学院学报,2006,22(2)：54-60.
[22]董粗淦.水稻边际效应试验[J].浙江农业科学,1983(4)：176-177.
[23]陈佩玺,张前盛.水稻良种区域试验的边际效应与产量的关系[J].湖南农业科学,1989(2)：18-19.
[24]刘文亮,钟太文.水稻品种试验小区边际效应对试验准确度的影响[J].种子科技,2000(2)：102-103.
[25]吴建明,沈小妹.水稻品种试验小区边际效应及其对试验准确度的影响[J].种子,1991(2)：27-30.
[26]王子平,何登骥.水稻试验小区边际效应的估算[J].作物学报,1999,25(1)：105-108.
[27]Kushibuchi K. Historical changes in rice cultivars [A]//Science of the Rice Plant. Vol.3 [C]. Tokyo:Food and Agriculture Policy Research Center,1997:837-875.
[28]Akita S. Improving yield potential in tropical rice [A]//International Rice Research Institute. Progress in irrigated rice research [C]. Philippines: International Rice Research Institute,1989:41-73.
[29]杨守仁,张龙步,陈温福,等.水稻超高产育种的理论和方法[J].作物学报,1996,22(3)：295-304.
[30]周开达,汪旭东,李仕贵,等.亚种间重穗型杂交稻研究[J].中国农业科学,1997,30(5)：91-93.
[31]黄耀祥.水稻生态育种科学体系的构建和新进展——两源并举“超优势稻”的选育[J].世界科技研究与发展,2003,4：1-8.
[32]袁隆平.杂交水稻超高产育种[J].杂交水稻,1997,12(6)：1-6.
[33]谢华安.华南型超级稻育种及其技术研究进展[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2007-10,38(5)：714-718.
[34]程式华.中国超级稻育种研究的创新与发展[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2007,38(5)：647-651.
[35]郑家奎.长江上游稻区超级杂交稻育种的思路与进展[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2007,38(5)：719-725.
[2]中华人民共和国国家统计局.中国统计年鉴-2009年[M].中国统计出版社,北京,2009.
[3]周赛群.湖南省农作物品种区域试验现状与发展对策[J].湖南农业科学,2010,7(29)：102-106.
[4]傅黎明.湖南省1976-2000年区试杂交水稻资料分析[D].湖南农业大学硕士论文.2003.
[5]湖南省种子管局.湖南省农作物品种区域试验总结报告[R].1984-2010年.
[6]陈立云,唐文帮,肖应辉,等.广适性超高产杂交水稻选育的新成就与体会[J].杂交水稻,2010(S1)：54-58.
[7]劳绍雄.进一步提高水稻品种增产能力的探讨[J].作物研究.1988,2(2)：4-8.
[8]严钦泉.1972-1986年湖南水稻推广品种(组合)情况浅析[J].作物研究.1988,2(2)：9-13.
[9]黄志强,潘熙淦.南方稻区籼型杂交水稻区域试验20年[J].杂交水稻.1994,(3-4)：86-88.
[10]敬金星,李瑞蓉.湖南省近年早稻区试结果分析[J].中国稻米,1999.1：16-18.
[11]Beecher,W J. Nesting Birds and the Vegetation Substrate[J].Chicago Or mythological Society,1942, Chicago.
[12]徐艳荣,孙发明,焦仁海,等.不同品种的边际效应对玉米产量影响分析[J].玉米科学2010,18(2)：85-87.
[13]滕卫丽,韩英鹏,李文滨.不同叶形大豆品种产量性状边际效应指数分析[J].大豆科学,2008,27(3)：420-422,427.
[14]张锥域.不同栽培措施对小麦边行优势的影响与充分利用小麦边行优势的意见[J].河南职业技术师范学院学报,1976(00)：36-39,35.
[15]沈福成.水稻的边际效应与育种[J].贵州农业科学,1984(6)：11-13.
[16]陈丹红.水稻小区边行优势与选种的关系[J].福建稻麦科技,1991(4)：12-15.
[17]郭守斌,帅国元,刘志贤.水稻边际效应型高产栽培技术探讨[J].杂交水稻,2008,23(6)：40-43.
[18]郭秀凤,李传华.水稻宽窄行栽培技术[J].现代农业科技,2008(4)：144-148.
[19]龚德平,林红军.大麦试验小区边际效应及其对试验准确度的影响[J].大麦科学,1995,42(1)：33-35.
[20]刘远坤,姚晓萍,倪克鱼.水稻边际效应及其对试验结果的影响[J].贵州农业科学,1985(3)：10-13.
[21]陈志德,仲维功,杨杰,等.水稻品种产量试验的边际效应分析[J].金陵科技学院学报,2006,22(2)：54-60.
[22]董粗淦.水稻边际效应试验[J].浙江农业科学,1983(4)：176-177.
[23]陈佩玺,张前盛.水稻良种区域试验的边际效应与产量的关系[J].湖南农业科学,1989(2)：18-19.
[24]刘文亮,钟太文.水稻品种试验小区边际效应对试验准确度的影响[J].种子科技,2000(2)：102-103.
[25]吴建明,沈小妹.水稻品种试验小区边际效应及其对试验准确度的影响[J].种子,1991(2)：27-30.
[26]王子平,何登骥.水稻试验小区边际效应的估算[J].作物学报,1999,25(1)：105-108.
[27]Kushibuchi K. Historical changes in rice cultivars [A]//Science of the Rice Plant. Vol.3 [C]. Tokyo:Food and Agriculture Policy Research Center,1997:837-875.
[28]Akita S. Improving yield potential in tropical rice [A]//International Rice Research Institute. Progress in irrigated rice research [C]. Philippines: International Rice Research Institute,1989:41-73.
[29]杨守仁,张龙步,陈温福,等.水稻超高产育种的理论和方法[J].作物学报,1996,22(3)：295-304.
[30]周开达,汪旭东,李仕贵,等.亚种间重穗型杂交稻研究[J].中国农业科学,1997,30(5)：91-93.
[31]黄耀祥.水稻生态育种科学体系的构建和新进展——两源并举“超优势稻”的选育[J].世界科技研究与发展,2003,4：1-8.
[32]袁隆平.杂交水稻超高产育种[J].杂交水稻,1997,12(6)：1-6.
[33]谢华安.华南型超级稻育种及其技术研究进展[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2007-10,38(5)：714-718.
[34]程式华.中国超级稻育种研究的创新与发展[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2007,38(5)：647-651.
[35]郑家奎.长江上游稻区超级杂交稻育种的思路与进展[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2007,38(5)：719-725.