农业产业化龙头企业技术创新研究
|
摘要
农业产业化龙头企业,即是农业产业化经营的组织者、带动者、市场开拓者,又是农业科技信息中心、科研中心、技术创新中心、营运中心和服务中心,它具有生产和服务的双重功能,是我国发展农业产业化经营的中枢。近年来,吉林省农业产业化龙头企业发展迅速,已成为吉林省经济发展的三大支柱之一。然而,其技术创新能力总体上仍显不足。在技术创新已成为经济增长、产业发展及企业竞争力提升主要推动力的今天,研究农业产业化龙头企业的技术创新对吉林省而言更加重要。
本文旨在对农业产业化龙头企业技术创新中的一系列问题进行研究。首先,利用系统分析方法分析了农业产业化龙头企业技术创新系统,运用DEMATEL方法对影响农业产业化龙头企业技术创新的因素进行了辨识研究,分析了影响技术创新的关键因素;借鉴知识发酵模型,分析了基于知识发酵的农业产业化龙头企业技术创新模式,进而分析知识发酵系统中的矛盾现象,引入矛盾解决方法即可拓方法,进行矛盾弱化研究;构建了农业产业化龙头企业技术创新绩效测度的指标体系,以吉林省16家省级重点农业产业化龙头企业为实证研究对象,运用数据包络分析方法对其技术创新绩效进行了实证研究;从知识管理机制的角度,分析了农业产业化龙头企业的管理模式、系统构成、知识创新及知识表达等,并做了基于知识数据挖掘技术的农业产业化龙头企业聚类研究。通过以上研究取得的一系列创新性成果,可为龙头企业的经营决策和相关部门的管理决策提供参考。
The Leading enterprises of agriculture industrialization are the organizers, explorers, and the leaders of the whole market, as well as the center of operation, which connect domestically thousands of households and the international market as well. It is not only the center of production, the center of information, the center of research work, but also the center of technical innovation and the center of service, which also play an important role in exploring the markets, helping to produce kinds of agricultural products, and provideing varieties of services. All in all, the leading enterprises of agriculture industrialization are the key center of the management of agricultural industrialization. After 21st century, the number of agricultural enterprises increased a lot, as well as a group of large leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization achieving remarkable performance. Though, there are so much perfect achievements, there are still a lot of problems existing in the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization, such as a poorer management and relatively low level of development. The concrete issues may be seen in the following aspects: firstly, the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization are not strong enough to compete with the other international influential leading enterprises whose basis of development is based on their own farms, and we do need such influential enterprises to lead our national enterprises in agricultural industrialization. Secondly, the strong support from high-tech with proprietary intellectual property rights is relatively weak. Thirdly, the sustainability of the development of the enterprises is not strong enough. Fourthly; the level of standardization is relatively low. Due to the problems mentioned above, and in order to solve the contradiction between a big market and a small scale of agricultural production, it is necessary to build up a group of leading enterprises with high starting point, variety of functions, large potential power, and enterprises involving more fields with strong power. Jilin province is a big agricultural province, but not a strong one. The leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization in Jilin province develop fast, while they still need to improve the ability to innovate independently. In such an era when technical innovation has become the main engine to economic growth, industrial development and the competence of the corporation, it seems to be a vital task to make research on technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization.
The main purpose of the paper is to explore a reasonable theoretical structure of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization. The first is to illustrate the significance of the development of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization as to the current issue in the field. And then make sure the influential factors inside and outside the enterprises by means of systematic analyzing. Based on the research work concerning technical innovation of the leading enterprises at home and abroad, as well as the performance evaluation, combined with the characteristics of the leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization in China, the paper means to set a theoretical structure for technical innovation of the leading enterprises. By means of applying the relevant theories of extenics in knowledge fermentation, the paper tries to make sure the framework of knowledge management for technical innovation in the leading enterprises. A practical survey has been made in the main leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization in Jilin province. From the viewpoint of both qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, the paper makes a significant exploration and systematical analysis on the level of technical innovation and knowledge management of the leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization in Jilin province, as well as the possible strategies and suggestions. The main research work involves:
a. Research on the structure of the system of technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization. The innovation system of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization refers to the departments whose central work is to conduct technical innovation activities and the system formed by the relevant regulations and environment. The main components include: the strategies of technical innovation of the enterprises, human resource system, fund operation system, the system of research and development of the enterprises and production system. The influential factor from the outside environment to technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization include: policy environment, market environment, science and technology environment, information and service environment; the influential factors out of the inside enterprises are: enterprises culture, enterprise resource, management of the enterprises and the environment of research work and development, etc.
b. Research on the identification of influential factors to technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization. From the viewpoint of system theory and system engineering, as well as the inside and outside environment of technical innovation, the paper explores the influential factors of technical innovation, which are the number of government investment, the level of financial support from the government policy, the level of support from tax policy of the government, the number of the projects of science and technology and the number of fund invested, the farmers’quality, the level of knowledge of the farmers, the level of application of information technology into agricultural production, the whole development level of district economy, the total number of agricultural products in international export, the level of management of service system of science technology in rural area, the number of fund invested in the expansion of agricultural science and technology, the level of socialized service in rural area, the influential factors inside leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization includes: the mechanism of combination and cooperation between the enterprises and research institution, the cooperation mechanism between the enterprises and the media science and technology service organization, the fund used in research and development of the enterprises, the ability of technique innovation of the enterprises, the rate of utility of fund on research and development of new products, the efficiency of research and production of new products, the efficiency of producing circle of new products, the rate of updating producing equipment, the level of enterprises modern management. By means of DEMATEL method, a series of data can be gained, which can be regarded as the main body of technical innovation of the enterprises, as well as the key elements of technical innovation inside the leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization.
c. Research on the control mode based on knowledge feedback based on the theories of extenics. The main components in knowledge application and fermentation of new knowledge in technical innovation of the leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization include: knowledge strain, knowledge parent population, knowledge collaboration, knowledge technology, knowledge fermentation, knowledge innovation and knowledge environment. The process of technical fermentation with extenics control in the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization is: by means of strategic designing, evaluating and selecting, and then put forward new strategies which should be suitable to the need of the development of the enterprises. Under the guide of new strategies of technical innovation, the staff that are in chare of knowledge management, technology management will analyze the present condition of enterprises knowledge, the condition of technology, and then collect, classify and select the knowledge and technology, so as to find out the useful part of technical innovation. Useless technology will be removed; useful techniques will directly be moved to fermentation bar to have a technical fermentation. Useful knowledge will be added to the parent population of knowledge and combined with knowledge technology and knowledge enzyme and then ferment in knowledge fermentation bar. The product from fermentation will go back to decisive system by means of extenics, and then the produced fermented product return to decisive system to be analyzed and compared. If the product is within expectation, it will be exported directly to fermentation bar of new knowledge and then be involved in technical fermentation. If the feedback fails to meet the standard, the knowledge will be collected, selected and fermented repeatedly, until the product meets the standard with minimum deviation.
d. Research on the performance of technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agriculture industrialization. According to the result from the practical survey to the leading enterprises of agriculture enterprises, set an input-output index for the performance evaluation of technical innovation to the leading enterprises: proportion of researchers, the proportion of researchers of mid or higher level, the proportion of money spent on RD, the original value of the equipment; the output indicators includes: the number of new technology, the number of patent of invention, the percentage of proprietary technology in new product, the increasing degree of market share, the sales quota of new product. By means of DEA, the paper makes a reasonable evaluation and comparison to the performance of technical innovation of the leading enterprises. The result shows that, as a whole, the whole level of input-output in technical innovation is rather low, and there is a serious phenomenon of waste. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the management of the enterprises, and increase the relevant input level of technical innovation, so as to improve the performance of technology innovation.
e. Research on the mechanism of knowledge management in the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization. The premise of knowledge management in the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization is the collection and coding of agricultural knowledge. The accumulation and storing of agricultural knowledge is the basis on knowledge management. The purpose of knowledge management is the innovation and the increased value of management knowledge of agriculture enterprises. Data mining may help the enterprises gain the hidden knowledge among the vast stored data, or change some data into useful knowledge for the enterprise. By means of one of the technologies of data mining—cluster analysis, we may arrive at such a result that different knowledge structure of an enterprise may cause a corresponding different knowledge management mode. Different enterprises with different knowledge classification need different knowledge management strategies. Meanwhile, the result of cluster in an enterprise may provide efficient reference information for government, and promote the government to provide better developmental environment and policy support for the development of the enterprises.
本文旨在对农业产业化龙头企业技术创新中的一系列问题进行研究。首先,利用系统分析方法分析了农业产业化龙头企业技术创新系统,运用DEMATEL方法对影响农业产业化龙头企业技术创新的因素进行了辨识研究,分析了影响技术创新的关键因素;借鉴知识发酵模型,分析了基于知识发酵的农业产业化龙头企业技术创新模式,进而分析知识发酵系统中的矛盾现象,引入矛盾解决方法即可拓方法,进行矛盾弱化研究;构建了农业产业化龙头企业技术创新绩效测度的指标体系,以吉林省16家省级重点农业产业化龙头企业为实证研究对象,运用数据包络分析方法对其技术创新绩效进行了实证研究;从知识管理机制的角度,分析了农业产业化龙头企业的管理模式、系统构成、知识创新及知识表达等,并做了基于知识数据挖掘技术的农业产业化龙头企业聚类研究。通过以上研究取得的一系列创新性成果,可为龙头企业的经营决策和相关部门的管理决策提供参考。
The Leading enterprises of agriculture industrialization are the organizers, explorers, and the leaders of the whole market, as well as the center of operation, which connect domestically thousands of households and the international market as well. It is not only the center of production, the center of information, the center of research work, but also the center of technical innovation and the center of service, which also play an important role in exploring the markets, helping to produce kinds of agricultural products, and provideing varieties of services. All in all, the leading enterprises of agriculture industrialization are the key center of the management of agricultural industrialization. After 21st century, the number of agricultural enterprises increased a lot, as well as a group of large leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization achieving remarkable performance. Though, there are so much perfect achievements, there are still a lot of problems existing in the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization, such as a poorer management and relatively low level of development. The concrete issues may be seen in the following aspects: firstly, the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization are not strong enough to compete with the other international influential leading enterprises whose basis of development is based on their own farms, and we do need such influential enterprises to lead our national enterprises in agricultural industrialization. Secondly, the strong support from high-tech with proprietary intellectual property rights is relatively weak. Thirdly, the sustainability of the development of the enterprises is not strong enough. Fourthly; the level of standardization is relatively low. Due to the problems mentioned above, and in order to solve the contradiction between a big market and a small scale of agricultural production, it is necessary to build up a group of leading enterprises with high starting point, variety of functions, large potential power, and enterprises involving more fields with strong power. Jilin province is a big agricultural province, but not a strong one. The leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization in Jilin province develop fast, while they still need to improve the ability to innovate independently. In such an era when technical innovation has become the main engine to economic growth, industrial development and the competence of the corporation, it seems to be a vital task to make research on technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization.
The main purpose of the paper is to explore a reasonable theoretical structure of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization. The first is to illustrate the significance of the development of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization as to the current issue in the field. And then make sure the influential factors inside and outside the enterprises by means of systematic analyzing. Based on the research work concerning technical innovation of the leading enterprises at home and abroad, as well as the performance evaluation, combined with the characteristics of the leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization in China, the paper means to set a theoretical structure for technical innovation of the leading enterprises. By means of applying the relevant theories of extenics in knowledge fermentation, the paper tries to make sure the framework of knowledge management for technical innovation in the leading enterprises. A practical survey has been made in the main leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization in Jilin province. From the viewpoint of both qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, the paper makes a significant exploration and systematical analysis on the level of technical innovation and knowledge management of the leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization in Jilin province, as well as the possible strategies and suggestions. The main research work involves:
a. Research on the structure of the system of technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization. The innovation system of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization refers to the departments whose central work is to conduct technical innovation activities and the system formed by the relevant regulations and environment. The main components include: the strategies of technical innovation of the enterprises, human resource system, fund operation system, the system of research and development of the enterprises and production system. The influential factor from the outside environment to technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization include: policy environment, market environment, science and technology environment, information and service environment; the influential factors out of the inside enterprises are: enterprises culture, enterprise resource, management of the enterprises and the environment of research work and development, etc.
b. Research on the identification of influential factors to technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization. From the viewpoint of system theory and system engineering, as well as the inside and outside environment of technical innovation, the paper explores the influential factors of technical innovation, which are the number of government investment, the level of financial support from the government policy, the level of support from tax policy of the government, the number of the projects of science and technology and the number of fund invested, the farmers’quality, the level of knowledge of the farmers, the level of application of information technology into agricultural production, the whole development level of district economy, the total number of agricultural products in international export, the level of management of service system of science technology in rural area, the number of fund invested in the expansion of agricultural science and technology, the level of socialized service in rural area, the influential factors inside leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization includes: the mechanism of combination and cooperation between the enterprises and research institution, the cooperation mechanism between the enterprises and the media science and technology service organization, the fund used in research and development of the enterprises, the ability of technique innovation of the enterprises, the rate of utility of fund on research and development of new products, the efficiency of research and production of new products, the efficiency of producing circle of new products, the rate of updating producing equipment, the level of enterprises modern management. By means of DEMATEL method, a series of data can be gained, which can be regarded as the main body of technical innovation of the enterprises, as well as the key elements of technical innovation inside the leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization.
c. Research on the control mode based on knowledge feedback based on the theories of extenics. The main components in knowledge application and fermentation of new knowledge in technical innovation of the leading enterprises for agricultural industrialization include: knowledge strain, knowledge parent population, knowledge collaboration, knowledge technology, knowledge fermentation, knowledge innovation and knowledge environment. The process of technical fermentation with extenics control in the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization is: by means of strategic designing, evaluating and selecting, and then put forward new strategies which should be suitable to the need of the development of the enterprises. Under the guide of new strategies of technical innovation, the staff that are in chare of knowledge management, technology management will analyze the present condition of enterprises knowledge, the condition of technology, and then collect, classify and select the knowledge and technology, so as to find out the useful part of technical innovation. Useless technology will be removed; useful techniques will directly be moved to fermentation bar to have a technical fermentation. Useful knowledge will be added to the parent population of knowledge and combined with knowledge technology and knowledge enzyme and then ferment in knowledge fermentation bar. The product from fermentation will go back to decisive system by means of extenics, and then the produced fermented product return to decisive system to be analyzed and compared. If the product is within expectation, it will be exported directly to fermentation bar of new knowledge and then be involved in technical fermentation. If the feedback fails to meet the standard, the knowledge will be collected, selected and fermented repeatedly, until the product meets the standard with minimum deviation.
d. Research on the performance of technical innovation of the leading enterprises of agriculture industrialization. According to the result from the practical survey to the leading enterprises of agriculture enterprises, set an input-output index for the performance evaluation of technical innovation to the leading enterprises: proportion of researchers, the proportion of researchers of mid or higher level, the proportion of money spent on RD, the original value of the equipment; the output indicators includes: the number of new technology, the number of patent of invention, the percentage of proprietary technology in new product, the increasing degree of market share, the sales quota of new product. By means of DEA, the paper makes a reasonable evaluation and comparison to the performance of technical innovation of the leading enterprises. The result shows that, as a whole, the whole level of input-output in technical innovation is rather low, and there is a serious phenomenon of waste. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the management of the enterprises, and increase the relevant input level of technical innovation, so as to improve the performance of technology innovation.
e. Research on the mechanism of knowledge management in the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization. The premise of knowledge management in the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization is the collection and coding of agricultural knowledge. The accumulation and storing of agricultural knowledge is the basis on knowledge management. The purpose of knowledge management is the innovation and the increased value of management knowledge of agriculture enterprises. Data mining may help the enterprises gain the hidden knowledge among the vast stored data, or change some data into useful knowledge for the enterprise. By means of one of the technologies of data mining—cluster analysis, we may arrive at such a result that different knowledge structure of an enterprise may cause a corresponding different knowledge management mode. Different enterprises with different knowledge classification need different knowledge management strategies. Meanwhile, the result of cluster in an enterprise may provide efficient reference information for government, and promote the government to provide better developmental environment and policy support for the development of the enterprises.
引文
[1]白献晓,薛喜梅.农业技术创新主体的类型、特征与作用[J].中国农业科技导报,2002,4(4):76-78.
[2]周良骥.试论“龙头”企业在农业产业化中的地位和作用[J].高等农业教育,1999(7):83-85.
[3]王文瑞.当前农业产业化龙头企业存在的主要问题及发展对策[J].大庆社会科学,2001(4):39-40.
[4]周中林.农业产业化龙头企业技术创新战略研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学农业经济管理,2007.
[5]李宁.涉农企业全面绩效评价体系及多维动态博弈研究[D].长春:吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,2008.
[6]刘超,原毅军.智力资本对企业绩效影响的实证分析[J].东北大学学报(社会科学版),2008,10(1):32-35.
[7]傅家骥.技术创新学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998:1-60.
[8]张磊,王淼.西方技术创新理论的产生与发展综述[J].科技与经济,2008,21(121):56-58.
[9]周培栋,连漪,田巧莉.西方技术创新理论发展综述[J].商场现代化,2007(505):228-229.
[10]毛荐其,俞国方.技术创新进化研究综述[J].科研管理,2005,26(5):35-40.
[11]赵晓丹,刘志迎.技术创新的经济学理论分析研究综述[J].合肥工业大学学报(社会科学版),2005,19(5):19-22.
[12]李静.我国中小企业技术创新管理研究[D].天津:天津财经大学技术经济及管理,2006.
[13]傅家骥.技术创新学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998:20-60.
[14]许庆瑞,吴晓波.技术创新、劳动生产率与产业结构[J].中国工业经济,199(12):9-15.
[15]胡哲一.技术创新的概念与定义[J].科学学与科学技术管理,1992,13(5):47-50.
[16]陈光.技术创新的社会运行设计——论组织创新与制度创新[J].科学学研究,1995,13(4):64-67.
[17]龙方,匡远凤.论农业产业化龙头企业技术创新的战略与方向[J].湖南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2006,7 (5):14-17.
[18]万希.企业智力资本开发与管理[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2009(1):1-50.
[19]约翰?肯尼思?加尔布雷思.权力的分析[M].石家庄:河北人民出版社,1988.
[20]Sveiby K.E..The intangible assets monitor[J].Journal of Hurnan Resource Costing and Accounting,1997,2(1):73-97.
[21]Tomas A Stewart.Brainpower:How intellectual capital is becoming America’s most valuable asset[J].Fortune,1991(6):40-56.
[22]Stewart. T.A..Your company’most valuable asset:intellectual capital[J].Fortune,1994,(10):34-42.
[23]托马斯·A斯图尔特.“软”资产——从知识到智力资本[M].业京:中信出版社,2003:12-18,345.
[24]Dave Ulrich.Intellectual capital=competence X commitment[J].SloanManagement Review,1998(win):15-26.
[25]芮明杰,郭玉林.智力资本的界定及其价值度量[J].上海管理科学,2002(4):14-16.
[26]安妮·布普金.第三资源—智力资本及其管理[M].大连:东北对经大学出版社,1998:13-17.
[27]徐笑君.智力资本管理——创造组织新财富[M].北京:华夏出版社,2004(11):38-42.
[28]黄汉民.企业发展的组织资源能力研究[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2003:8-15.
[29]Horton F W. Information resources management:concept and cases[M]. Ohio:Assosiation for Systems Management Press,1979.
[30]David J. Skyrme. Knowledge Networking:Creating the Collaborative Enterprise[M].UK:Oxford University Press,1999.
[31]Craig Conkie. A path way to prosperity[J]. Information World Review,2000(156):27-28.
[32]Stewart T A. Brainpower:How Intellectual Capital is Becoming America'sMost Valuable Asset.[J] Fortune,1991(6): 40-56.
[33]Stewart T.A.Intellectual Capital:the new Wealth of Organizations[M]. London:Nicholas Brealey Publishing Limited,1997.
[34]Edvinsson L,Sullivan P. Developing a model for managing intellectual capital[J].European Management Journal,1996,14(4):356-364.
[35]Bair J.Knowledge Management: the Era Of Shared ideas[J].Forbes,1997,1(1),28.
[36]Miller D.. The Genesis of Configuration[J].Academy of Management Review,1987,12(4):686-701.
[37]Miller, D.,Friesen PH. A Longitudinal Study of The Corporate of Life Cycle[J]. Management Science,1984(30):1161-1183.
[38]和金生,唐建生.基于知识发酵理论的知识管理系统框架研究[J].工业工程,2004,7(4):10-13.
[38]张雄林,和金生,刘洪伟.知识发酵系统及其反馈控制[J].中国地质大学学报(社会科学版),2005,5(4):41-44.
[40]和金生,熊德勇,刘洪伟.基于知识发酵的知识创新[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2005(2):54-57.
[41]唐建生,和金生,熊德勇.基于知识发酵理论的组织核心能力研究[J].科学管理研究,2006,24(5):84-87.
[42]M. Lebas. Performance measurement and performance management[J]. International Journal of Production Economics,1995(41):23–25.
[43]R. Thorpe,T. Beasley. The characteristics of performance management research:implications and challenges[J]. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 2004,53 (4):334–344.
[44]A Neely. The evolution of performance measurement research:developments in the last decade and a research agenda for the next[J]. International Journal of Operations & Production Management,2005,25 (12):1264–1277.
[45]Russell J,Terborg J,Powers M.Organisational performances and organisational level training and support[J].Personnel Psychology,1985,38(4):849-63.
[46]Roberts K.The proof of HR is in the profits[J].People Management,1995,1(3):42-43.
[47]方润生,李垣,冯进路.管理层人力资本结构的变化对企业绩效的影响[J].科研管理,2002,23(6):93-99.
[48]边燕杰,丘海雄.企业的社会资本及其功效[J].中国社会科学,2000(2):87-99.
[49]周小亮.产权、竞争、协调配置与企业绩效——兼评产权论与超产权论[J].经济评论,2000(3):27-31.
[50]周小亮.企业绩效与现代企业理论:分析与思考[J].学术月刊,2001(1):48-56,90.
[51]Agostino Villa. Analysing industrial district performances:A structured approach[J]. Annual Reviews in Control,2007(31):107–118.
[52]Arturo Molina,Veruzcka Medina. Application of enterprise models and simulation tools for the evaluation of the impact of best manufacturing practices implementation[J]. Annual Reviews in Control,2003(27):221–228.
[53]M Olave,N Lavrac,B Cestnik. Application of expert systems to the evaluation of managerial performance in public enterprises of developing countries[J].Omega,1988,16(4):353-362.
[54]M.O. Ilori,M.L. Nassar,J.O. Okolofo, J.B. Akarakiri,T.O. Oyebisi. An evaluation of business performance and technology development in the pre- and post-privatisation period of a public company in Nigeria[J]. Technovation,2003,23(2):175-182.
[55]WenAn Tan,Weiming Shen,Jianmin Zhao.A methodology for dynamic enterprise process performance evaluation[J].Computers in Industry,2007(58):474–485.
[56]胡建华.高科技企业绩效评价中的因子分析方法[J].企业经济,2005(9):39-41.
[57]胡季英,冯英浚.建筑企业绩效的二次相对评价[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003(7),799-801.
[58]牛若峰.农业产业一体化经营的理论与实践[J].经济研究参考,1997(54):2-21.
[59]兰新亚.“公司+专业组织+农户”的利益机制问题与对策[J].农业产业化,1999(8):38-39.
[60]牛若峰.农业产业化经营发展的观察和评论[J].农业经济问题,2006(3):8-15.
[61]杨先芬,胡继连等.农业产业化利益分配机制研究[J].农业经济问题,1998(11):35-37.
[62]伍梅.对农民专业合作经济组织利益机制的探讨[J].中国科技信息,2005(9):67.
[63]郝朝晖.农业产业化龙头企业与农户的利益机制问题探析[J].农村经济,2004(7):45-47.
[64]王茜,秦富.农业产业化龙头企业的生产效率分析——基于DEA模型[J].技术经济,2009,28(3):53-57.
[65]吉政发[2008]13号.吉林省人民政府关于批转省农委制定的2008-2012年吉林省农业产业化和农产品加工业发展规划的通知,2008.
[66]杜吟棠.“公司+农户”模式初探——兼论其合理性与局限性[J].中国农村观察,2002(1):30-38.
[67]米晋川.对“公司+农户”的再认识[J].经济问题探索,2003(4):116-118.
[68]周立群,曹利群.农村经济组织形态的演变与创新——山东省莱阳市农业产业化调查报告[J].经济研究,2001(1):69-94.
[69]牟大鹏,姚毓春,刘凌波.“公司+基地+农户”的农业生产经营模式初探[J]经济纵横,2005(9):15-17..
[70]黄汝丽.农业产业化中“公司+基地+农户”模式探析[J].华南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2006(增刊):204-207.
[71]李黎.农业产业化经营模式探析[J].河南农业,2004(3):40.
[72]任伟琳.我国订单农业的发展现状与对策[J].农业系统科学与综合研究,2004,20(1):62-65.
[73]钟陆文.论企业可持续发展的理论内涵[J].佛山科学技术学院学报(社会科学版),2003,21(1):65-68.
[74]刘葆金,官兵,李广存.农业产业化与农业可持续发展[J].农业经济问题,1997(11):26-30.
[75]蒋永穆,王学林.我国农业产业化经营组织发展的阶段划分及其相关措施[J].西南民族大学学报(人文社科版),2003,24(8).
[76]牛若峰.中国农业产业化经营的发展特点与方向[J].中国农村经济,2002(5):4-12.
[77]顾斌.知识管理:21世纪企业可持续发展的新能源(上)[J].企业研究,2000(8):32-33.
[78]周家高.企业知识管理:一种全新的管理模式[J].经营与管理,1997(10):22-23.
[79]巢乃鹏.知识管理——概念,特性的分析[J].学术界(双月刊),2000(5):14-23.
[80]李羽,郎诵真,王红霞.知识管理与企业核心竞争力初探[J].情报科学,2000,18(11):964-966.
[81]Cai Wen. Extension theory and its application[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1999 ,44(17):1538-1548.
[82]蔡文.可拓论及其应用[J].科学通报,1999,44(7):673-682.
[83]涂序彦.可拓学——研究“矛盾转化,开拓创新”的新科学[J].中国工程科学,2002,2(12):17.
[84]杨春燕,张拥军,蔡文.可拓集合及其应用研究[J].数学的实践与认识,2002,32(2):301-308.
[85]齐建国.技术创新——国家系统的改革与重组[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2007:31.
[86]郭斌,陈劲,毛义华.对我国国有大中型企业技术创新体系与机制的探讨[J].管理工程学报,1997,11(增刊):59-65.
[87]夏保华.企业持续技术创新的结构[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,2000.
[88]黄跃东,王丽玲,陈丽萍.构建农业产业化龙头企业的技术创新体系[J].产业经济,2004(11):44.
[89]吴贵生.技术创新管理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000:20.
[90]杨建君,李垣.企业技术创新主体间的激励关系研究[J].科研管理,2004,25(3):13-18.
[91]唐德才.论发达国家企业技术创新体系及成就[J].科技与经济,1998(11):79-85.
[92]赵锡斌.企业环境研究的几个基本理论问题[J].武汉大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2004 (1):12-17.
[93]齐建国.技术创新——国家系统的改革与重组[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2007:37-49.
[94]张雅静.我国中小企业创新的内外部环境分析及优化[J].苏州职业大学学报,2005,16(1):70-72.
[95]阎军印,孙班军.企业技术创新的系统分析与技术评价[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2002:188-211.
[96]陈功玉,邓晓岚.企业技术创新行为的内部因素研究[J].科技进步与对策,2005(12):89-92.
[97]李荫榕,邵宪文,孟庆伟.国有大中型企业自主性技术创新内部环境优化研究[J].科技管理研究,2006(4):90-92.
[98]赵锡斌.企业环境研究的几个基本理论问题[J].武汉大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2004 (1):12-17.
[99]李晓明,赵国杰.企业内部环境探究[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2006(1):79-84.
[100]范诵.企业文化、技术创新与企业绩效:匹配模式[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2006:35-36.
[101]和金生.知识管理与知识发酵[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2002(3),63-66.
[102]和金生,熊德勇,刘洪伟.基于知识发酵的知识创新[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2005(2):56.
[103]刘洪伟,和金生,马丽丽.知识发酵——知识管理的仿生学理论初探[J].科学学研究,2003, 21(5):514-518.
[104]Nonaka Umenoto, Senoo. From information processing to knowledge creation: A paradigm shift in business management[J]. Technology In Society,1996,18(2):203—218.
[105]熊德勇,和金生.SECI过程与知识发酵模型[J].研究与发展管理,2004,16(2):14-19.
[106]涂序彦.可拓学——研究“矛盾转化,开拓创新”的新学科[J].中国工程科学,2000,2(12):17.
[107]蔡文.可拓学概述[J].系统工程理论与实践,1998(1):76-84.
[108]杨春燕,蔡文.可拓工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:25-40.
[109]杨春燕,蔡文.可拓工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:71-81.
[110]陈楠.基于DEA方法的一汽-大众经营绩效评价研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学管理学院,2006.
[111]尹铁岩.长春汽车生产企业集群绩效研究[D].吉林大学博士学位论文,2008.
[112]Charnes A, Cooper W W and Rhodes E. Measuring the eddiciency of decision making units[J]. European Journal of Operational Research,1978(2):429-444.
[113]魏权龄.数据包络分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[114]杨印生.经济系统定量分析方法[M].长春:吉林科学技术出版社,2001.
[115]Joe Zhu, Wade D. Cook.Modeling Data Irregularities and Structural Complexities in Data Envelopment Analysis [M]. Springer Science of Business Media,LLC:35-60.
[116]Joe Zhu. Imprecise DEA via Standard Linear DEA Models with a Revisit to a Korean Mobile Telecommunication Company[J].Operations Research,2004,52(2):323-329.
[117]Banker R D, Charnes A and Cooper W W. Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysis[M]. Management Science,1984,30(9):1078-1092.
[118]Tim Coelli. A Guide to DEAP version 2.1:A Data Envelopment Analysis(Computer)Program [G]. CEPA Working Paper,1996.8.
[119]胡季英,冯英浚.建筑企业绩效的二次相对评价[J],哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003,7(35):799-801.
[120]陈世宗,赖邦传,陈晓红.基于DEA的企业绩效评价方法[J].系统工程,2005,5(23):99-104.
[121]舒坤良.农机服务组织形成与发展问题研究[D].吉林大学博士学位论文,2009.
[122]钟英姿.基于数据挖掘的知识管理系统研究[J].科技管理研究,2006(11):173-175.
[123]韩维贺,李浩,仲秋雁.知识管理过程测量工具研究:量表开发、提炼和检验[J].中国管理科学,2006(5):128-136.
[124]钟英姿.基于数据挖掘的知识管理系统研究[J].科技管理研究,2006(11):173-175.
[125]王金明,田利娟.试论数据挖掘技术在企业知识管理中的应用[J].企业经济,2005(1):23-24.
[126]高晶,王雅林.数据挖掘技术在企业知识管理中的应用[J].商业研究,2005(13):
[2]周良骥.试论“龙头”企业在农业产业化中的地位和作用[J].高等农业教育,1999(7):83-85.
[3]王文瑞.当前农业产业化龙头企业存在的主要问题及发展对策[J].大庆社会科学,2001(4):39-40.
[4]周中林.农业产业化龙头企业技术创新战略研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学农业经济管理,2007.
[5]李宁.涉农企业全面绩效评价体系及多维动态博弈研究[D].长春:吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,2008.
[6]刘超,原毅军.智力资本对企业绩效影响的实证分析[J].东北大学学报(社会科学版),2008,10(1):32-35.
[7]傅家骥.技术创新学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998:1-60.
[8]张磊,王淼.西方技术创新理论的产生与发展综述[J].科技与经济,2008,21(121):56-58.
[9]周培栋,连漪,田巧莉.西方技术创新理论发展综述[J].商场现代化,2007(505):228-229.
[10]毛荐其,俞国方.技术创新进化研究综述[J].科研管理,2005,26(5):35-40.
[11]赵晓丹,刘志迎.技术创新的经济学理论分析研究综述[J].合肥工业大学学报(社会科学版),2005,19(5):19-22.
[12]李静.我国中小企业技术创新管理研究[D].天津:天津财经大学技术经济及管理,2006.
[13]傅家骥.技术创新学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998:20-60.
[14]许庆瑞,吴晓波.技术创新、劳动生产率与产业结构[J].中国工业经济,199(12):9-15.
[15]胡哲一.技术创新的概念与定义[J].科学学与科学技术管理,1992,13(5):47-50.
[16]陈光.技术创新的社会运行设计——论组织创新与制度创新[J].科学学研究,1995,13(4):64-67.
[17]龙方,匡远凤.论农业产业化龙头企业技术创新的战略与方向[J].湖南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2006,7 (5):14-17.
[18]万希.企业智力资本开发与管理[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2009(1):1-50.
[19]约翰?肯尼思?加尔布雷思.权力的分析[M].石家庄:河北人民出版社,1988.
[20]Sveiby K.E..The intangible assets monitor[J].Journal of Hurnan Resource Costing and Accounting,1997,2(1):73-97.
[21]Tomas A Stewart.Brainpower:How intellectual capital is becoming America’s most valuable asset[J].Fortune,1991(6):40-56.
[22]Stewart. T.A..Your company’most valuable asset:intellectual capital[J].Fortune,1994,(10):34-42.
[23]托马斯·A斯图尔特.“软”资产——从知识到智力资本[M].业京:中信出版社,2003:12-18,345.
[24]Dave Ulrich.Intellectual capital=competence X commitment[J].SloanManagement Review,1998(win):15-26.
[25]芮明杰,郭玉林.智力资本的界定及其价值度量[J].上海管理科学,2002(4):14-16.
[26]安妮·布普金.第三资源—智力资本及其管理[M].大连:东北对经大学出版社,1998:13-17.
[27]徐笑君.智力资本管理——创造组织新财富[M].北京:华夏出版社,2004(11):38-42.
[28]黄汉民.企业发展的组织资源能力研究[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2003:8-15.
[29]Horton F W. Information resources management:concept and cases[M]. Ohio:Assosiation for Systems Management Press,1979.
[30]David J. Skyrme. Knowledge Networking:Creating the Collaborative Enterprise[M].UK:Oxford University Press,1999.
[31]Craig Conkie. A path way to prosperity[J]. Information World Review,2000(156):27-28.
[32]Stewart T A. Brainpower:How Intellectual Capital is Becoming America'sMost Valuable Asset.[J] Fortune,1991(6): 40-56.
[33]Stewart T.A.Intellectual Capital:the new Wealth of Organizations[M]. London:Nicholas Brealey Publishing Limited,1997.
[34]Edvinsson L,Sullivan P. Developing a model for managing intellectual capital[J].European Management Journal,1996,14(4):356-364.
[35]Bair J.Knowledge Management: the Era Of Shared ideas[J].Forbes,1997,1(1),28.
[36]Miller D.. The Genesis of Configuration[J].Academy of Management Review,1987,12(4):686-701.
[37]Miller, D.,Friesen PH. A Longitudinal Study of The Corporate of Life Cycle[J]. Management Science,1984(30):1161-1183.
[38]和金生,唐建生.基于知识发酵理论的知识管理系统框架研究[J].工业工程,2004,7(4):10-13.
[38]张雄林,和金生,刘洪伟.知识发酵系统及其反馈控制[J].中国地质大学学报(社会科学版),2005,5(4):41-44.
[40]和金生,熊德勇,刘洪伟.基于知识发酵的知识创新[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2005(2):54-57.
[41]唐建生,和金生,熊德勇.基于知识发酵理论的组织核心能力研究[J].科学管理研究,2006,24(5):84-87.
[42]M. Lebas. Performance measurement and performance management[J]. International Journal of Production Economics,1995(41):23–25.
[43]R. Thorpe,T. Beasley. The characteristics of performance management research:implications and challenges[J]. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 2004,53 (4):334–344.
[44]A Neely. The evolution of performance measurement research:developments in the last decade and a research agenda for the next[J]. International Journal of Operations & Production Management,2005,25 (12):1264–1277.
[45]Russell J,Terborg J,Powers M.Organisational performances and organisational level training and support[J].Personnel Psychology,1985,38(4):849-63.
[46]Roberts K.The proof of HR is in the profits[J].People Management,1995,1(3):42-43.
[47]方润生,李垣,冯进路.管理层人力资本结构的变化对企业绩效的影响[J].科研管理,2002,23(6):93-99.
[48]边燕杰,丘海雄.企业的社会资本及其功效[J].中国社会科学,2000(2):87-99.
[49]周小亮.产权、竞争、协调配置与企业绩效——兼评产权论与超产权论[J].经济评论,2000(3):27-31.
[50]周小亮.企业绩效与现代企业理论:分析与思考[J].学术月刊,2001(1):48-56,90.
[51]Agostino Villa. Analysing industrial district performances:A structured approach[J]. Annual Reviews in Control,2007(31):107–118.
[52]Arturo Molina,Veruzcka Medina. Application of enterprise models and simulation tools for the evaluation of the impact of best manufacturing practices implementation[J]. Annual Reviews in Control,2003(27):221–228.
[53]M Olave,N Lavrac,B Cestnik. Application of expert systems to the evaluation of managerial performance in public enterprises of developing countries[J].Omega,1988,16(4):353-362.
[54]M.O. Ilori,M.L. Nassar,J.O. Okolofo, J.B. Akarakiri,T.O. Oyebisi. An evaluation of business performance and technology development in the pre- and post-privatisation period of a public company in Nigeria[J]. Technovation,2003,23(2):175-182.
[55]WenAn Tan,Weiming Shen,Jianmin Zhao.A methodology for dynamic enterprise process performance evaluation[J].Computers in Industry,2007(58):474–485.
[56]胡建华.高科技企业绩效评价中的因子分析方法[J].企业经济,2005(9):39-41.
[57]胡季英,冯英浚.建筑企业绩效的二次相对评价[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003(7),799-801.
[58]牛若峰.农业产业一体化经营的理论与实践[J].经济研究参考,1997(54):2-21.
[59]兰新亚.“公司+专业组织+农户”的利益机制问题与对策[J].农业产业化,1999(8):38-39.
[60]牛若峰.农业产业化经营发展的观察和评论[J].农业经济问题,2006(3):8-15.
[61]杨先芬,胡继连等.农业产业化利益分配机制研究[J].农业经济问题,1998(11):35-37.
[62]伍梅.对农民专业合作经济组织利益机制的探讨[J].中国科技信息,2005(9):67.
[63]郝朝晖.农业产业化龙头企业与农户的利益机制问题探析[J].农村经济,2004(7):45-47.
[64]王茜,秦富.农业产业化龙头企业的生产效率分析——基于DEA模型[J].技术经济,2009,28(3):53-57.
[65]吉政发[2008]13号.吉林省人民政府关于批转省农委制定的2008-2012年吉林省农业产业化和农产品加工业发展规划的通知,2008.
[66]杜吟棠.“公司+农户”模式初探——兼论其合理性与局限性[J].中国农村观察,2002(1):30-38.
[67]米晋川.对“公司+农户”的再认识[J].经济问题探索,2003(4):116-118.
[68]周立群,曹利群.农村经济组织形态的演变与创新——山东省莱阳市农业产业化调查报告[J].经济研究,2001(1):69-94.
[69]牟大鹏,姚毓春,刘凌波.“公司+基地+农户”的农业生产经营模式初探[J]经济纵横,2005(9):15-17..
[70]黄汝丽.农业产业化中“公司+基地+农户”模式探析[J].华南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2006(增刊):204-207.
[71]李黎.农业产业化经营模式探析[J].河南农业,2004(3):40.
[72]任伟琳.我国订单农业的发展现状与对策[J].农业系统科学与综合研究,2004,20(1):62-65.
[73]钟陆文.论企业可持续发展的理论内涵[J].佛山科学技术学院学报(社会科学版),2003,21(1):65-68.
[74]刘葆金,官兵,李广存.农业产业化与农业可持续发展[J].农业经济问题,1997(11):26-30.
[75]蒋永穆,王学林.我国农业产业化经营组织发展的阶段划分及其相关措施[J].西南民族大学学报(人文社科版),2003,24(8).
[76]牛若峰.中国农业产业化经营的发展特点与方向[J].中国农村经济,2002(5):4-12.
[77]顾斌.知识管理:21世纪企业可持续发展的新能源(上)[J].企业研究,2000(8):32-33.
[78]周家高.企业知识管理:一种全新的管理模式[J].经营与管理,1997(10):22-23.
[79]巢乃鹏.知识管理——概念,特性的分析[J].学术界(双月刊),2000(5):14-23.
[80]李羽,郎诵真,王红霞.知识管理与企业核心竞争力初探[J].情报科学,2000,18(11):964-966.
[81]Cai Wen. Extension theory and its application[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1999 ,44(17):1538-1548.
[82]蔡文.可拓论及其应用[J].科学通报,1999,44(7):673-682.
[83]涂序彦.可拓学——研究“矛盾转化,开拓创新”的新科学[J].中国工程科学,2002,2(12):17.
[84]杨春燕,张拥军,蔡文.可拓集合及其应用研究[J].数学的实践与认识,2002,32(2):301-308.
[85]齐建国.技术创新——国家系统的改革与重组[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2007:31.
[86]郭斌,陈劲,毛义华.对我国国有大中型企业技术创新体系与机制的探讨[J].管理工程学报,1997,11(增刊):59-65.
[87]夏保华.企业持续技术创新的结构[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,2000.
[88]黄跃东,王丽玲,陈丽萍.构建农业产业化龙头企业的技术创新体系[J].产业经济,2004(11):44.
[89]吴贵生.技术创新管理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000:20.
[90]杨建君,李垣.企业技术创新主体间的激励关系研究[J].科研管理,2004,25(3):13-18.
[91]唐德才.论发达国家企业技术创新体系及成就[J].科技与经济,1998(11):79-85.
[92]赵锡斌.企业环境研究的几个基本理论问题[J].武汉大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2004 (1):12-17.
[93]齐建国.技术创新——国家系统的改革与重组[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2007:37-49.
[94]张雅静.我国中小企业创新的内外部环境分析及优化[J].苏州职业大学学报,2005,16(1):70-72.
[95]阎军印,孙班军.企业技术创新的系统分析与技术评价[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2002:188-211.
[96]陈功玉,邓晓岚.企业技术创新行为的内部因素研究[J].科技进步与对策,2005(12):89-92.
[97]李荫榕,邵宪文,孟庆伟.国有大中型企业自主性技术创新内部环境优化研究[J].科技管理研究,2006(4):90-92.
[98]赵锡斌.企业环境研究的几个基本理论问题[J].武汉大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2004 (1):12-17.
[99]李晓明,赵国杰.企业内部环境探究[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2006(1):79-84.
[100]范诵.企业文化、技术创新与企业绩效:匹配模式[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2006:35-36.
[101]和金生.知识管理与知识发酵[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2002(3),63-66.
[102]和金生,熊德勇,刘洪伟.基于知识发酵的知识创新[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2005(2):56.
[103]刘洪伟,和金生,马丽丽.知识发酵——知识管理的仿生学理论初探[J].科学学研究,2003, 21(5):514-518.
[104]Nonaka Umenoto, Senoo. From information processing to knowledge creation: A paradigm shift in business management[J]. Technology In Society,1996,18(2):203—218.
[105]熊德勇,和金生.SECI过程与知识发酵模型[J].研究与发展管理,2004,16(2):14-19.
[106]涂序彦.可拓学——研究“矛盾转化,开拓创新”的新学科[J].中国工程科学,2000,2(12):17.
[107]蔡文.可拓学概述[J].系统工程理论与实践,1998(1):76-84.
[108]杨春燕,蔡文.可拓工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:25-40.
[109]杨春燕,蔡文.可拓工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:71-81.
[110]陈楠.基于DEA方法的一汽-大众经营绩效评价研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学管理学院,2006.
[111]尹铁岩.长春汽车生产企业集群绩效研究[D].吉林大学博士学位论文,2008.
[112]Charnes A, Cooper W W and Rhodes E. Measuring the eddiciency of decision making units[J]. European Journal of Operational Research,1978(2):429-444.
[113]魏权龄.数据包络分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[114]杨印生.经济系统定量分析方法[M].长春:吉林科学技术出版社,2001.
[115]Joe Zhu, Wade D. Cook.Modeling Data Irregularities and Structural Complexities in Data Envelopment Analysis [M]. Springer Science of Business Media,LLC:35-60.
[116]Joe Zhu. Imprecise DEA via Standard Linear DEA Models with a Revisit to a Korean Mobile Telecommunication Company[J].Operations Research,2004,52(2):323-329.
[117]Banker R D, Charnes A and Cooper W W. Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysis[M]. Management Science,1984,30(9):1078-1092.
[118]Tim Coelli. A Guide to DEAP version 2.1:A Data Envelopment Analysis(Computer)Program [G]. CEPA Working Paper,1996.8.
[119]胡季英,冯英浚.建筑企业绩效的二次相对评价[J],哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003,7(35):799-801.
[120]陈世宗,赖邦传,陈晓红.基于DEA的企业绩效评价方法[J].系统工程,2005,5(23):99-104.
[121]舒坤良.农机服务组织形成与发展问题研究[D].吉林大学博士学位论文,2009.
[122]钟英姿.基于数据挖掘的知识管理系统研究[J].科技管理研究,2006(11):173-175.
[123]韩维贺,李浩,仲秋雁.知识管理过程测量工具研究:量表开发、提炼和检验[J].中国管理科学,2006(5):128-136.
[124]钟英姿.基于数据挖掘的知识管理系统研究[J].科技管理研究,2006(11):173-175.
[125]王金明,田利娟.试论数据挖掘技术在企业知识管理中的应用[J].企业经济,2005(1):23-24.
[126]高晶,王雅林.数据挖掘技术在企业知识管理中的应用[J].商业研究,2005(13):