氧化锆基复合陶瓷纺织剪刀材料的研制及其应用基础研究
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摘要
本文针对氧化锆基陶瓷材料的缺点,研制了高性能氧化锆基复合陶瓷纺织剪刀材料。选择高弹性模量的TiN和Al_2O_3颗粒作为3Y-TZP的添加相,采用热压烧结制备工艺,研制成功了氧化锆基复合陶瓷纺织剪刀材料ZrO_2-TiN和ZrO_2-TiN-Al_2O_3,并对其常温力学性能、低温老化性能、摩擦磨损性能以及电加工性能进行了研究,系统研究了其增韧机理和摩擦磨损机理,在应力诱导相变老化机理的基础上,分析了其抗低温老化机理。
在优化的热压烧结工艺下,制备出了ZrO_2-TiN和ZrO_2-TiN-Al_2O_3复合陶瓷材料,并对其常温力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,TiN、Al_2O_3和ZrO_2相互之间具有良好的物理和化学相容性;TiN对3Y-TZP具有非常显著的增韧补强作用,当TiN的添加量为30%(质量百分比)时,其抗弯强度和断裂韧性均比基体3Y-TZP提高了约70%;大粒径TiN颗粒可提高其增韧作用。少量的Al_2O_3可显著提高ZrO_2-TiN复合材料的烧结致密度,起到增韧作用;过量的Al_2O_3对材料致密度及力学性能不利。研制成功了具有优良综合力学性能的氧化锆基复合陶瓷纺织剪刀材料ZY30T、ZY40T和ZY30T5A,其平均抗弯强度分别为:1410MPa、1390MPa和1346MPa;其平均断裂韧性分别为13.3MPa·m~(1/2)、13.8MPa·m~(1/2)和14.4MPa·m~(1/2);其维氏显微硬度分别为15.1GPa、15.7GPa和15.3GPa。
系统研究了ZrO_2-TiN和ZrO_2-TiN-Al_2O_3复合陶瓷材料的增韧机理。研究认为,除了相变增韧和颗粒增韧外,其主要增韧机理是位错对裂纹的屏蔽作用和晶间非晶相的增韧作用。高弹性模量的TiN和Al_2O_3颗粒可提高基体的弹性应变能和t-m相变阻力,从而减弱了基体的相变增韧作用。由于TiN晶粒具有面心立方结构而出现大量位错,当裂纹穿过TiN颗粒扩展时,位错对裂纹具有屏蔽作用。晶界上的非晶相可显著提高复合材料的烧结致密度和力学性能。
研究了ZrO_2-TiN和ZrO_2-TiN-Al_2O_3复合材料的低温老化性能和抗低温老化机
Aiming at the disadvantages of zirconia matrix ceramic materials, a new kind of zirconia matrix composite ceramic materials with high mechanical properties has been successfully developed. Under the hot-pressing technology, the zirconia matrix composite ceramic materials, ZrO_2-TiN and ZrO_2-TiN-Al_2O_3, were fabricated by adding the particles TiN and Al_2O_3 with high elastic modulus into 3Y-TZP. The mechanical properties, the low temperature degradation properties, friction and wear performance and the electrical discharge machining performance of the ziconia matrix composite ceramic materials were studied. The toughening mechanisms and the wear mechanisms were also studied. Based on the stress-induced transformation mechanism, the low temperature degradation mechanisms of the zirconia matrix composite ceramic materials were analyzed.The composite ceramic materials, ZrO_2-TiN and ZrO_2-TiN-Al_2O_3, were fabricated by the optimized hot-pressing technology, and its mechanical properties at room temperature were studied. It is shown that there is a good physical and chemical compatibility among ZrO_2, TiN and Al_2O_3. The TiN particles paly an obvious role in toughening and strengthening 3Y-TZP, and the flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composite ceramic materials are all 70% higher than those of 3Y-TZP when the addition content of TiN is 30wt%. The TiN of bigger grain size can improve the toughening effect. A small amount of Al_2O_3 can distinctly improve the density and toughness of ZrO_2-TiN composite ceramic material, but more content of Al_2O_3 is not beneficial to improving the density and the mechanical properties of the composite material. The zirconia matrix composite ceramic materials for spinning and weaving scissors, ZY30T, ZY40T and
ZY30T5A, were fabricated successfully. Their average flexural strength are 1410MPa, 1390MPa and 1346MPa, the average fracture toughness are 13.3MPa?m1/2, 13.8 MPa?m1/2 and 14.4 MPa?m1/2, and the average Vickers microhardness are 15.1GPa, 15.7GPa and 15.3GPa, respectively.The toughening mechanisms of ZrC^-TiN and ZrC^-TiN-AhCh were investigated. It is considered that the main toughening mechanisms are the crack shielding effect caused by dislocations and toughening effect caused by the glassy phase among the grain boundaries except the phase transformation toughening and particle toughening effect. The particles TiN and AI2O3 with high elastic modulus can increase the elastic strain energy of the matrix and the resistance of phase transformation t-m, and decrease the phase transformation toughening effect of the matrix 3 Y-TZP. There are a great deal of dislocations in TiN grains due to the face-centered cubic microstructure. The dislocations can shield the cracks when the cracks go through the TiN grains. The glassy phase can greatly improve the density and the mechanical properties.The low temperature degradation properties and the mechanisms of degradation resistance for the materials ZrC^-TiN and ZrCh-TiN-AkOa were investigated. It is shown that TiN and AI2O3 can inhibit the low temperature degradation of 3 Y-TZP, and the inhibition function of TiN is better than AI2O3. And the low temperature degradation of the composites doped by the two particles is better than that of the composite doped by the single one. ZY30T, ZY40T and ZY30T5A have an excellent low temperature degradation resistance. Based on the low temperature degradation mechanism of the stress-induced transformation, it is considered that there are two different tetragonal phase, i.e., metastable tetragonal phase with stress restriction and metastable tetragonal phase without stress restriction. It is shown that the glassy phase among the grain boundaries can prevent the nucleation of phase transformation, which is the main mechanism for improving the low temperature degradation properties of the composites.The friction and wear performance of ZrCVTiN and ZrC^-TiN-AbOs are studied. It is shown that TiN can improve the wear resistance of 3 Y-TZP, and the wear resistance of
ZrO2-TiN will be improved with an increase in the content of TiN. ZY40T, ZY30T and ZY30T5Ahave a good wear resistance, among which ZY40T is the best.The wear mechanism analysis model of the zirconia matrix composite ceramic materials for spinning and weaving scissors is put forward in the present research. The layer-shape microstructure model of the friction surface for zirconia matrix composite ceramic materials is built. It is considered that the wear pattrn is slight wear when the wear depth lies in the interface between the soft covered layer and the plastic deformation layer, and the wear pattern is severity wear when the wear chipping are separated from the plastic deformation layer. The soft covered layer can decrease the friction. It is also considered that the severity wear mechanism of zirconia ceramic material is the surface fatigue wear, which is caused by the cracks originated from the surface and the subsurface of the materials. The cracks can result in spalling of friction surface.The electrical discharge machining machinability of ZrC^-TiN is experimentally studied. It is shown that the electrical discharge machining of ZY30T and ZY40T is feasible.
在优化的热压烧结工艺下,制备出了ZrO_2-TiN和ZrO_2-TiN-Al_2O_3复合陶瓷材料,并对其常温力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,TiN、Al_2O_3和ZrO_2相互之间具有良好的物理和化学相容性;TiN对3Y-TZP具有非常显著的增韧补强作用,当TiN的添加量为30%(质量百分比)时,其抗弯强度和断裂韧性均比基体3Y-TZP提高了约70%;大粒径TiN颗粒可提高其增韧作用。少量的Al_2O_3可显著提高ZrO_2-TiN复合材料的烧结致密度,起到增韧作用;过量的Al_2O_3对材料致密度及力学性能不利。研制成功了具有优良综合力学性能的氧化锆基复合陶瓷纺织剪刀材料ZY30T、ZY40T和ZY30T5A,其平均抗弯强度分别为:1410MPa、1390MPa和1346MPa;其平均断裂韧性分别为13.3MPa·m~(1/2)、13.8MPa·m~(1/2)和14.4MPa·m~(1/2);其维氏显微硬度分别为15.1GPa、15.7GPa和15.3GPa。
系统研究了ZrO_2-TiN和ZrO_2-TiN-Al_2O_3复合陶瓷材料的增韧机理。研究认为,除了相变增韧和颗粒增韧外,其主要增韧机理是位错对裂纹的屏蔽作用和晶间非晶相的增韧作用。高弹性模量的TiN和Al_2O_3颗粒可提高基体的弹性应变能和t-m相变阻力,从而减弱了基体的相变增韧作用。由于TiN晶粒具有面心立方结构而出现大量位错,当裂纹穿过TiN颗粒扩展时,位错对裂纹具有屏蔽作用。晶界上的非晶相可显著提高复合材料的烧结致密度和力学性能。
研究了ZrO_2-TiN和ZrO_2-TiN-Al_2O_3复合材料的低温老化性能和抗低温老化机
Aiming at the disadvantages of zirconia matrix ceramic materials, a new kind of zirconia matrix composite ceramic materials with high mechanical properties has been successfully developed. Under the hot-pressing technology, the zirconia matrix composite ceramic materials, ZrO_2-TiN and ZrO_2-TiN-Al_2O_3, were fabricated by adding the particles TiN and Al_2O_3 with high elastic modulus into 3Y-TZP. The mechanical properties, the low temperature degradation properties, friction and wear performance and the electrical discharge machining performance of the ziconia matrix composite ceramic materials were studied. The toughening mechanisms and the wear mechanisms were also studied. Based on the stress-induced transformation mechanism, the low temperature degradation mechanisms of the zirconia matrix composite ceramic materials were analyzed.The composite ceramic materials, ZrO_2-TiN and ZrO_2-TiN-Al_2O_3, were fabricated by the optimized hot-pressing technology, and its mechanical properties at room temperature were studied. It is shown that there is a good physical and chemical compatibility among ZrO_2, TiN and Al_2O_3. The TiN particles paly an obvious role in toughening and strengthening 3Y-TZP, and the flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composite ceramic materials are all 70% higher than those of 3Y-TZP when the addition content of TiN is 30wt%. The TiN of bigger grain size can improve the toughening effect. A small amount of Al_2O_3 can distinctly improve the density and toughness of ZrO_2-TiN composite ceramic material, but more content of Al_2O_3 is not beneficial to improving the density and the mechanical properties of the composite material. The zirconia matrix composite ceramic materials for spinning and weaving scissors, ZY30T, ZY40T and
ZY30T5A, were fabricated successfully. Their average flexural strength are 1410MPa, 1390MPa and 1346MPa, the average fracture toughness are 13.3MPa?m1/2, 13.8 MPa?m1/2 and 14.4 MPa?m1/2, and the average Vickers microhardness are 15.1GPa, 15.7GPa and 15.3GPa, respectively.The toughening mechanisms of ZrC^-TiN and ZrC^-TiN-AhCh were investigated. It is considered that the main toughening mechanisms are the crack shielding effect caused by dislocations and toughening effect caused by the glassy phase among the grain boundaries except the phase transformation toughening and particle toughening effect. The particles TiN and AI2O3 with high elastic modulus can increase the elastic strain energy of the matrix and the resistance of phase transformation t-m, and decrease the phase transformation toughening effect of the matrix 3 Y-TZP. There are a great deal of dislocations in TiN grains due to the face-centered cubic microstructure. The dislocations can shield the cracks when the cracks go through the TiN grains. The glassy phase can greatly improve the density and the mechanical properties.The low temperature degradation properties and the mechanisms of degradation resistance for the materials ZrC^-TiN and ZrCh-TiN-AkOa were investigated. It is shown that TiN and AI2O3 can inhibit the low temperature degradation of 3 Y-TZP, and the inhibition function of TiN is better than AI2O3. And the low temperature degradation of the composites doped by the two particles is better than that of the composite doped by the single one. ZY30T, ZY40T and ZY30T5A have an excellent low temperature degradation resistance. Based on the low temperature degradation mechanism of the stress-induced transformation, it is considered that there are two different tetragonal phase, i.e., metastable tetragonal phase with stress restriction and metastable tetragonal phase without stress restriction. It is shown that the glassy phase among the grain boundaries can prevent the nucleation of phase transformation, which is the main mechanism for improving the low temperature degradation properties of the composites.The friction and wear performance of ZrCVTiN and ZrC^-TiN-AbOs are studied. It is shown that TiN can improve the wear resistance of 3 Y-TZP, and the wear resistance of
ZrO2-TiN will be improved with an increase in the content of TiN. ZY40T, ZY30T and ZY30T5Ahave a good wear resistance, among which ZY40T is the best.The wear mechanism analysis model of the zirconia matrix composite ceramic materials for spinning and weaving scissors is put forward in the present research. The layer-shape microstructure model of the friction surface for zirconia matrix composite ceramic materials is built. It is considered that the wear pattrn is slight wear when the wear depth lies in the interface between the soft covered layer and the plastic deformation layer, and the wear pattern is severity wear when the wear chipping are separated from the plastic deformation layer. The soft covered layer can decrease the friction. It is also considered that the severity wear mechanism of zirconia ceramic material is the surface fatigue wear, which is caused by the cracks originated from the surface and the subsurface of the materials. The cracks can result in spalling of friction surface.The electrical discharge machining machinability of ZrC^-TiN is experimentally studied. It is shown that the electrical discharge machining of ZY30T and ZY40T is feasible.
引文
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