角膜地形图对近视散光的测量及在LASIK中的应用
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摘要
目的:讨论角膜地形图(corneal topography)对近视散光的测量及准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laser in siut keratom ileusis,LASIK)术前术后角膜地形图与散瞳验光测得的近视散光的差异,并评价准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)治疗近视散光的疗效。
方法:选择接受LASIK治疗近视散光并复查6个月资料完整的103例(200只眼)患者为研究对象,进行回顾性分析,分别测量LASIK术前及术后1m,3m,6m的近视散光状态及视力,应用t检验、方差分析和相关性分析的统计学方法,研究角膜地形图记录的角膜地形图形态、角膜屈光度、角膜散光度(以△SimK为角膜散光度,以K1所在的轴为散光轴位)变化值;散瞳后应用全自动电脑验光仪结合带状光检影及试镜,确定球镜度数、柱镜度数和轴位。所有数据用SAS8.0分析软件进行统计学分析。
结果:术前裸眼视力平均为0.11±0.09,术前最佳矫正视力平均为1.12±0.13。术前散瞳验光测得近视散光度平均为(-1.16±0.46)D,应用角膜地形图测得近视散光度即模拟角膜计度数△SimK的等效值(SimK的最大屈光度与其垂直90°径线上的屈光度的平均值),平均为(-1.01±0.57)D。2组散光度差异有显著统计学意义(t=4.75,P＜0.01)。术前散瞳验光测得散光轴位平均为(93.87±71.52)°,应用角膜地形图测得散光轴位(以K1所在的轴为散光轴位)平均为(93.59±66.91)°,2组散光轴位比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.17,P＞0.05)。术前近视散光轴向以循规性为主,循规性散光者占71%,逆规性散光者占11.5%,斜轴性散光者占17.5%;18～28岁循规性散光者占72.1%,29～38岁循规性散光者占70.0%,39～49岁循规性散光者占66.7%。男性循规性散光占71.3%,女性循规性散光占70.8%。术后6m患者裸眼视力与预期矫正视力符合率不同度数组均在97%以上。术后1m散瞳验光测得近视散光度平均为(-0.60±0.27)D,应用角膜地形图测得近视散光度平均为(-0.58±0.39)D。术后3m散瞳验光测得近视散光度平均为(-0.61±0.34)D,应用角膜地形图测得近视散光度平均为(-0.59±0.41)D。术后6m散瞳验光测得近视散光度平均为(-0.59±0.25)D,应用角膜地形图测得近视散光度平均为(-0.57±0.37)D。术后1m、3m与术后6m应用检影验光所测得的散光度比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。术后1m、3m与术后6m应用角膜地形图所测得的散光度比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。术后1m近视散光度下降值平均为(0.46±0.52)D,术后3m近视散光度下降值平均为(0.39±0.47)D,术后6m近视散光度下降值平均为(0.51±0.49)D,术后近视散光与术前相比,不同度数组下降比率分别为83.0%,82.9%,82.8%。术后1m散瞳验光测得近视散光轴位为平均(92.53±46.08)°,应用角膜地形图测得近视散光轴位为平均(90.92±56.94)°。术后3m散瞳验光测得近视散光轴位平均为(92.58±46.10)°,应用角膜地形图测得近视散光轴位为平均(91.13±57.01)°。术后6m散瞳验光测得近视散光轴位平均为(92.51±46.06)°,应用角膜地形图测得近视散光轴位平均为(90.83±56.67)°。术后1m、3m与术后6m应用检影验光所测得的术后散光轴位经方差分析结果显示差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后1m、3m与术后6m应用角膜地形图所测得的术后散光轴位经方差分析结果显示差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。直线相关分析结果显示,手术前后角膜地形图△SimK变化值(X)与临床散光度变化值(Y)具有相关性(r=0.56,P＜0.01);回归分析方程式为:(?)=0.006+0.486X(P＜0.01)。
结论:
(1)近视散光以循规性近视散光为主。LASIK术前角膜地形图仪和散瞳验光记录的近视散光度有差异性,近视散光轴位无显著性差异。
(2)随年龄增长,循规性近视散光的比例有所降低,非循规性近视散光的比例有所增加。近视散光的分布与性别无明显相关性。
(3)手术前后角膜地形图△SimK变化值(X)与临床近视散光度变化值(Y)的直线回归方程式:Y=0.006+0.486X,r=0.56,P＜0.01,提示两者呈正相关。
(4)角膜地形图引导的LASIK手术矫正近视散光术后效果稳定。
(5)通过计算机辅助的角膜地形图,可以详细了解LASIK术前、术后角膜表面形态及屈光参数,在测量近视散光及设计屈光性手术治疗近视散光时有指导意义。
Objective:To explore the measurement of myopic astigmatism by corneal topography and the measured myopic astigmatism differences between corneal topography and mydriasis refraction on laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK) preoperative and postperative and to evaluate the treatment effect of LASIK.
Methods:200 eyes of 103 patients who underwent primary LASIK for myopic astigmatism in our hospital were reviewed retrospective analysis,to get the eyesight and the measurement of myopic astigmatism for preoperative and postoperative LASIK one month,three months and six months with the use of corneal topography and mydriasis refraction.The measurement of myopic astigmatism include corneal relief map shape,corneal diopter,corneal myopic astigmatism,sphere lens degree, columniation lens degree and myopic astigmatism axis.All data were analysed by using SAS software 8.0.
Results:Preoperative uncorrected visual acuity averaged 0.11±0.09,preoperative best-corrected visual acuity averaged 1.12±0.13.before surgery,the degree of myopic astigmatism measured of the average mydriasis refraction was(-1.16±0.46) D,the average degree of myopic astigmatism measured of corneal topography refraction(△SimK) was(-1.01±0.57) D.The degree of myopic astigmatism measured of the first two groups was a statistically significant difference(t=4.75,P＜0.01).And the degree of axial myopic astigmatism measured of mydriasis refraction was (93.87±71.52)°,the degree of axial myopic astigmatism measured of corneal topography was(93.59±66.91)°.The degree of myopic astigmatism measured of the two groups was no statistically significant difference(t=0.17,P＞0.05).Preoperative axial myopia with astigmatism of compliance based on the regulation of those were 71%of astigmatism,against-the-rule astigmatism were 11.5%,oblique axis of astigmatism accounted for 17.5%.18～28-year-old on Regulation accounted for 72.1%of astigmatism,29～38-year-old regulations on accounting for 70.0%of astigmatism,39～49-year-old regulations on accounting for 66.7%of astigmatism. Through the regulation of men accounted for 71.3%astigmatism,astigmatism of female compliance 70.8%.6m postoperative uncorrected visual acuity in patients with the expected correction vision is in line with the rate of the array of different degrees in more than 97%.After one,three and six months of the surgery,the degree of myopic astigmatism measured of the average mydriasis refraction was(-0.60±0.27) D,(-0.61±0.34) D and(-0.59±0.25) D.The results of one,three and six months has no statistical difference(P＞0.05).The myopic astigmatism measured of corneal topography was(-0.58±0.39) D,(-0.59±0.41) D and(-0.57±0.37) D.The results of one,three and six months has no statistical difference(P＞0.05).Myopic astigmatism after 1m drop in value on average(0.46±0.52)D,myopic astigmatism after 3m drop in the average value(0.39±0.47)D,after 6m drop in the value of myopic astigmatism average(0.51±0.49)D,after preoperative myopic astigmatism with the decreased rate was 83.0%,82.9%,82.8%.The degree of axial myopic astigmatism measured of mydriasis refraction was(92.53±46.08)°,(92.58±46.10)°and(92.51±46.06)°,The results of one,three and six months has no statistical difference(P＞0.05).The degree of axial myopic astigmatism measured of corneal topography was(90.92±56.94)°,(91.13±57.01)°and(90.83±56.67)°.The results of one,three and six months has no statistical difference(P＞0.05).Straight line related analysis results that the changer of△SimK(X) and mydriasis refraction(Y) on laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK) for preoperative and postoperative statistically correlated(r=0.56,P＜0.01).The returning to return analysis equation is:(?)=0.006 +0.486X(P＜0.01).
Conclusions:
(1)Before surgery,the degree of myopic astigmatism measured of corneal topography and mydriasis refraction has a statistically significant difference and the axial myopic astigmatism has no statistically significant difference.
(2)Age growth,through regulation of the proportion of myopic astigmatism decreased,non-compliance of the proportion of myopic astigmatism increased.Myopic astigmatism distribution and gender has no significant correlation.
(3)△SimK surgery before and after changes in the value of corneal topography (X) and clinical changes in the value of myopic astigmatism((?)),the linear regression equation:(?)=0.006+0.486X,r=0.56,P＜0.01,a positive correlation between the two tips.
(4)the effect of Topography-guided LASIK surgery to correct myopic astigmatism,is stability
(5)Through computer-assisted corneal topography,we can learn more about LASIK surgery before and after refractive corneal surface shape and parameters of operation to design personalized programs to predict and improve the effect of providing an important basis for surgery.
方法:选择接受LASIK治疗近视散光并复查6个月资料完整的103例(200只眼)患者为研究对象,进行回顾性分析,分别测量LASIK术前及术后1m,3m,6m的近视散光状态及视力,应用t检验、方差分析和相关性分析的统计学方法,研究角膜地形图记录的角膜地形图形态、角膜屈光度、角膜散光度(以△SimK为角膜散光度,以K1所在的轴为散光轴位)变化值;散瞳后应用全自动电脑验光仪结合带状光检影及试镜,确定球镜度数、柱镜度数和轴位。所有数据用SAS8.0分析软件进行统计学分析。
结果:术前裸眼视力平均为0.11±0.09,术前最佳矫正视力平均为1.12±0.13。术前散瞳验光测得近视散光度平均为(-1.16±0.46)D,应用角膜地形图测得近视散光度即模拟角膜计度数△SimK的等效值(SimK的最大屈光度与其垂直90°径线上的屈光度的平均值),平均为(-1.01±0.57)D。2组散光度差异有显著统计学意义(t=4.75,P＜0.01)。术前散瞳验光测得散光轴位平均为(93.87±71.52)°,应用角膜地形图测得散光轴位(以K1所在的轴为散光轴位)平均为(93.59±66.91)°,2组散光轴位比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.17,P＞0.05)。术前近视散光轴向以循规性为主,循规性散光者占71%,逆规性散光者占11.5%,斜轴性散光者占17.5%;18～28岁循规性散光者占72.1%,29～38岁循规性散光者占70.0%,39～49岁循规性散光者占66.7%。男性循规性散光占71.3%,女性循规性散光占70.8%。术后6m患者裸眼视力与预期矫正视力符合率不同度数组均在97%以上。术后1m散瞳验光测得近视散光度平均为(-0.60±0.27)D,应用角膜地形图测得近视散光度平均为(-0.58±0.39)D。术后3m散瞳验光测得近视散光度平均为(-0.61±0.34)D,应用角膜地形图测得近视散光度平均为(-0.59±0.41)D。术后6m散瞳验光测得近视散光度平均为(-0.59±0.25)D,应用角膜地形图测得近视散光度平均为(-0.57±0.37)D。术后1m、3m与术后6m应用检影验光所测得的散光度比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。术后1m、3m与术后6m应用角膜地形图所测得的散光度比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。术后1m近视散光度下降值平均为(0.46±0.52)D,术后3m近视散光度下降值平均为(0.39±0.47)D,术后6m近视散光度下降值平均为(0.51±0.49)D,术后近视散光与术前相比,不同度数组下降比率分别为83.0%,82.9%,82.8%。术后1m散瞳验光测得近视散光轴位为平均(92.53±46.08)°,应用角膜地形图测得近视散光轴位为平均(90.92±56.94)°。术后3m散瞳验光测得近视散光轴位平均为(92.58±46.10)°,应用角膜地形图测得近视散光轴位为平均(91.13±57.01)°。术后6m散瞳验光测得近视散光轴位平均为(92.51±46.06)°,应用角膜地形图测得近视散光轴位平均为(90.83±56.67)°。术后1m、3m与术后6m应用检影验光所测得的术后散光轴位经方差分析结果显示差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后1m、3m与术后6m应用角膜地形图所测得的术后散光轴位经方差分析结果显示差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。直线相关分析结果显示,手术前后角膜地形图△SimK变化值(X)与临床散光度变化值(Y)具有相关性(r=0.56,P＜0.01);回归分析方程式为:(?)=0.006+0.486X(P＜0.01)。
结论:
(1)近视散光以循规性近视散光为主。LASIK术前角膜地形图仪和散瞳验光记录的近视散光度有差异性,近视散光轴位无显著性差异。
(2)随年龄增长,循规性近视散光的比例有所降低,非循规性近视散光的比例有所增加。近视散光的分布与性别无明显相关性。
(3)手术前后角膜地形图△SimK变化值(X)与临床近视散光度变化值(Y)的直线回归方程式:Y=0.006+0.486X,r=0.56,P＜0.01,提示两者呈正相关。
(4)角膜地形图引导的LASIK手术矫正近视散光术后效果稳定。
(5)通过计算机辅助的角膜地形图,可以详细了解LASIK术前、术后角膜表面形态及屈光参数,在测量近视散光及设计屈光性手术治疗近视散光时有指导意义。
Objective:To explore the measurement of myopic astigmatism by corneal topography and the measured myopic astigmatism differences between corneal topography and mydriasis refraction on laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK) preoperative and postperative and to evaluate the treatment effect of LASIK.
Methods:200 eyes of 103 patients who underwent primary LASIK for myopic astigmatism in our hospital were reviewed retrospective analysis,to get the eyesight and the measurement of myopic astigmatism for preoperative and postoperative LASIK one month,three months and six months with the use of corneal topography and mydriasis refraction.The measurement of myopic astigmatism include corneal relief map shape,corneal diopter,corneal myopic astigmatism,sphere lens degree, columniation lens degree and myopic astigmatism axis.All data were analysed by using SAS software 8.0.
Results:Preoperative uncorrected visual acuity averaged 0.11±0.09,preoperative best-corrected visual acuity averaged 1.12±0.13.before surgery,the degree of myopic astigmatism measured of the average mydriasis refraction was(-1.16±0.46) D,the average degree of myopic astigmatism measured of corneal topography refraction(△SimK) was(-1.01±0.57) D.The degree of myopic astigmatism measured of the first two groups was a statistically significant difference(t=4.75,P＜0.01).And the degree of axial myopic astigmatism measured of mydriasis refraction was (93.87±71.52)°,the degree of axial myopic astigmatism measured of corneal topography was(93.59±66.91)°.The degree of myopic astigmatism measured of the two groups was no statistically significant difference(t=0.17,P＞0.05).Preoperative axial myopia with astigmatism of compliance based on the regulation of those were 71%of astigmatism,against-the-rule astigmatism were 11.5%,oblique axis of astigmatism accounted for 17.5%.18～28-year-old on Regulation accounted for 72.1%of astigmatism,29～38-year-old regulations on accounting for 70.0%of astigmatism,39～49-year-old regulations on accounting for 66.7%of astigmatism. Through the regulation of men accounted for 71.3%astigmatism,astigmatism of female compliance 70.8%.6m postoperative uncorrected visual acuity in patients with the expected correction vision is in line with the rate of the array of different degrees in more than 97%.After one,three and six months of the surgery,the degree of myopic astigmatism measured of the average mydriasis refraction was(-0.60±0.27) D,(-0.61±0.34) D and(-0.59±0.25) D.The results of one,three and six months has no statistical difference(P＞0.05).The myopic astigmatism measured of corneal topography was(-0.58±0.39) D,(-0.59±0.41) D and(-0.57±0.37) D.The results of one,three and six months has no statistical difference(P＞0.05).Myopic astigmatism after 1m drop in value on average(0.46±0.52)D,myopic astigmatism after 3m drop in the average value(0.39±0.47)D,after 6m drop in the value of myopic astigmatism average(0.51±0.49)D,after preoperative myopic astigmatism with the decreased rate was 83.0%,82.9%,82.8%.The degree of axial myopic astigmatism measured of mydriasis refraction was(92.53±46.08)°,(92.58±46.10)°and(92.51±46.06)°,The results of one,three and six months has no statistical difference(P＞0.05).The degree of axial myopic astigmatism measured of corneal topography was(90.92±56.94)°,(91.13±57.01)°and(90.83±56.67)°.The results of one,three and six months has no statistical difference(P＞0.05).Straight line related analysis results that the changer of△SimK(X) and mydriasis refraction(Y) on laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK) for preoperative and postoperative statistically correlated(r=0.56,P＜0.01).The returning to return analysis equation is:(?)=0.006 +0.486X(P＜0.01).
Conclusions:
(1)Before surgery,the degree of myopic astigmatism measured of corneal topography and mydriasis refraction has a statistically significant difference and the axial myopic astigmatism has no statistically significant difference.
(2)Age growth,through regulation of the proportion of myopic astigmatism decreased,non-compliance of the proportion of myopic astigmatism increased.Myopic astigmatism distribution and gender has no significant correlation.
(3)△SimK surgery before and after changes in the value of corneal topography (X) and clinical changes in the value of myopic astigmatism((?)),the linear regression equation:(?)=0.006+0.486X,r=0.56,P＜0.01,a positive correlation between the two tips.
(4)the effect of Topography-guided LASIK surgery to correct myopic astigmatism,is stability
(5)Through computer-assisted corneal topography,we can learn more about LASIK surgery before and after refractive corneal surface shape and parameters of operation to design personalized programs to predict and improve the effect of providing an important basis for surgery.
引文
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