红外亚成像关键技术研究
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摘要
红外制导技术是当今精确制导武器的一个研究热点，而双色红外玫瑰线扫描亚成像制导技术是红外制导技术的重要发展方向。本文以国防重点预研课题-毫米波／红外双模导引头为背景，重点对双色红外玫瑰线扫描亚成像系统的几个关键技术进行了研究：
基于对红外亚成像机理及其目标识别跟踪特征的分析，提出了红外亚图像目标识别跟踪模型。
对红外亚成像目标识别算法及其软件进行了研究，给出了具体的红外亚成像目标识别软件流程和部分关键模块的实现说明。
对红外成像的压缩技术进行了研究，将SPIHT算法导入目标检测系统，模拟结果显示图像数据存储空间得到极大地压缩。
基于SPIHT算法，提出了ROI编码方法和针对识别算法的知觉调整算法，其中ROI算法可在关注区域获得质量良好的图像；知觉调整算法可获得更多的边界信息，二者均可提高系统的目标识别率。
The infrared guiding technique is the research focus of precise guiding weapon and the infrared sub-imaging guiding technique has become an important developing branch of infrared guiding technique. The study about the key techniques of infrared sub-imaging has been carried out in the following aspects:
Based on the principle of rosette scan sub-imaging and the analysis of the target recognition and tracking features, the model of infrared sub-imaging target recognition and tracking is built up in this dissertation.
The target recognition algorithm of infrared sub-imaging has been studied and its software has been developed. The flow diagram and implement of several important module of target recognition software is brought forward in this dissertation.
Compression codec has been studied and SPIHT codec is introduced into the image guidance system. The simulated result shows that the memory space is maximally compressed.
Based on SPIHT, the ROI codec and perceptually-tuned algorithm aiming at recognition system are put forward in this dissertation. The former improve probability of target recognition through advancing image quality of region of interest, but the latter through attaining more edge information.
基于对红外亚成像机理及其目标识别跟踪特征的分析，提出了红外亚图像目标识别跟踪模型。
对红外亚成像目标识别算法及其软件进行了研究，给出了具体的红外亚成像目标识别软件流程和部分关键模块的实现说明。
对红外成像的压缩技术进行了研究，将SPIHT算法导入目标检测系统，模拟结果显示图像数据存储空间得到极大地压缩。
基于SPIHT算法，提出了ROI编码方法和针对识别算法的知觉调整算法，其中ROI算法可在关注区域获得质量良好的图像；知觉调整算法可获得更多的边界信息，二者均可提高系统的目标识别率。
The infrared guiding technique is the research focus of precise guiding weapon and the infrared sub-imaging guiding technique has become an important developing branch of infrared guiding technique. The study about the key techniques of infrared sub-imaging has been carried out in the following aspects:
Based on the principle of rosette scan sub-imaging and the analysis of the target recognition and tracking features, the model of infrared sub-imaging target recognition and tracking is built up in this dissertation.
The target recognition algorithm of infrared sub-imaging has been studied and its software has been developed. The flow diagram and implement of several important module of target recognition software is brought forward in this dissertation.
Compression codec has been studied and SPIHT codec is introduced into the image guidance system. The simulated result shows that the memory space is maximally compressed.
Based on SPIHT, the ROI codec and perceptually-tuned algorithm aiming at recognition system are put forward in this dissertation. The former improve probability of target recognition through advancing image quality of region of interest, but the latter through attaining more edge information.
引文
[1] 杨莉，红外制导技术发展综述，电子科技大学研究生综述报告，2000．1
[2] 刘隆和等，三模复合寻的制导研究，飞航导弹，1998(2)：57-61
[3] 周鼎新，对美国第三代肩射红外防空导弹导引头特色的分析，红外与激光技术，1984(3)：1-20
[4] 李文，杨莉，弹载双色红外系统信息处理技术研究，红外技术，1998，20(7)：27-31
[5] 曾高秋，曹文庄，玫瑰线图形扫描方位信息的计算及误差分析，红外技术，1998，20(7)：19-26
[6] 冯炽焘，李文，使用玫瑰线／螺线图形扫描的双色红外制导技术，红外技术，1993，15(1)：2-8
[7] J.N. Cederquist, T. J. Rogne, and C. R. Schwartz, Multispectral infrared target detection: phenomenology and modeling, SPIE, 1993(1954),192-197
[8] 陈光辉，红外／毫米波双模敏感器融合技术，制导兵器文集(第一集)，1992，4，109-118
[9] 范晋祥，主／被动双模红外成像系统，反坦克导弹技术译文集(下册)，1991，11，314-322
[10] Arne Jan Rodland, Image registration of naval IR images, SPIE, 1996(2739),341-350
[11] A. Toet, Image fusion by a ratio of low-pass pyramid, Pattern Recognition Letters, 1989, 5 (9), 245-253
[12] S. Mallat, A theory for multi-resolution signal decomposition: The wavelet representation, IEEE Transaction on pattern analysis and machine intelligence, 1989,11(7), 674-693
[13] Claude Lejeune, Wavelet transform for infrared application, SPIE, 1995 (2552) 313-324
[14] Grum F, Becherer R J, Radiometry, Academic Press, Inc, 1979
[15] Li Hong, An Wei, Xu Hui and etc, Multi-sensor data fusion method to discern target, SPIE, 1997 (3163), 575-583
[16] D. Vanrheaden and R. Johes, Noise effects on centroid tracker aim point estimation ,IEEE TAES. 1998, 3 (AES-24) ,177-185.
[17] 张忠诚，孟庆华，沈振康，目标红外特征分析，红外技术，1999，7(21)，26-28
[18] 李宏贵，罗正发，李国帧，李兴国，基于分形理论的红外图像边沿检测，红外技术，1999，1(21)，18-20
[19] Gregoris D J etc ,Detection of dim targets in FLIR imagery using multi-scale transforms, SPIE .1994(2262).62-67
[20] Bir Bhanu, Model-based segmentation of FLIR images, IEEE TAES, 1990, 1(26,1) 2-10
[21] 桑农，张天序，结合背景抑制的FLIR图形分割，红外与毫米波学报，1999，10(18，5)，369-374
[22] 冯炽焘，双色红外系统的计算机方真研究，红外技术，1995，3(17)，17-21
[23] Flannery R E, Miller J E, Status of uncooled infrared images, SPIE, 1992 (1689), 379-395
[24] 王忆锋，冯炽焘，李茜，坦克红外特征控制技术评述，红外技术，1998，7(20)，1-4
[25] 龚建勇，丁明跃，周成平，基于玫瑰线扫描双色融合目标识别方法，系统工程与电子技术，1998(7)1-6
[26] 崔锦泰，程正兴，小波分析导论，第一版，西安：西安交通大学出版社，1995
[27] Jerome M. Shapiro, "embedded image coding using zerotree of wavelet coefficients." IEEE Trans. Signal Processing. Vol. 41, pp. 3445-3462, Dec 1993.
[28] Amir Said and William A. Pearlman, "A new, fast and efficient image codec based on set partitioning in hierarchical trees", IEEE Trans. Circuits and System for Video Yechnolog. vol6, pp. 243-250, June 1996
[29] G. Minami, Z. Xiong, A. Wang and Mehrotra, 3-D wavelet coding of video with arbitrary regions of support, IEEE TSCV ,Vol. 11, pp. 1063-1068, sept. 2001
[30] E. Atsumi and N. Farvardin, lossy/lossless region-of-interest image coding based on set partitioning in hierarchical trees, Proc. IEEE Int Conf. Image Processing (ICIP-98), Chicago. IL. Oct, 1998
[31] Zhou Wang, Alan Conard Bovik, Embedded foveation image coding, IEEE TIP, VOL10. No. 10 2001. October
[32] Keun-hyeong Park, Hyun Wook Park, Region-of-interest coding based on set partitioning in hierarchical trees, IEEE TSCV Vol. 12 No. 2 pp. 106-113, February. 2002
[33] Sungdae Cho, William A. Pearlman, Afull-featured, error-resilient,
scalable wavelet video codec based on the set partitioning in hierarchical trees(SPIHT) algorithm, IEEE TSCV Vol. 12 No. 3 pp. 157-171, February. 2002
[34] Ingo Hontsch, Lina J. Karam, Robert J. Safranek, A perceptually tuned embedded zerotree image coder, Proceeding IEEE conference on image processing-ICIP97, Vol Ⅰ,41-44, Santa 8arbana, Oct, 1997
[35] 陈武凡，小波分析及其在图像处理中的应用，北京：科学出版社，2002
[36] 伯晓晨，李涛，刘路等，Matlab工具箱应用指南-信息工程篇，北京-电子科技出版社，2000．4
[37] 钟玉琢，王琪，贺玉文，基于对象的多媒体数据压缩编码国际标准MPEG-4及其校验模型，北京-科学出版社，2000
[38] TI, TMS320C5X User' s Guide:1992
[38] Ian H. Witten, Radford M. Neal, and John G. Cleary. Arithmetic coding for data compression. Communications of the ACM 30(6):520-540, June 1987
[39] Alistair Moffat, Radford M. Neal, and Ian H. Witten. Arithmetic coding revisited. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 16(3):256-294, July 1998.
[40] Glen G. Langdon, Jr. An introduction to arithmetic coding. IBM Journal of Research and Development, 28(2):135-149, March 1984
[41] X. Ran and N. Farvardin, A perceptually-motivated three-component image model - part Ⅱ: applications to image compression", IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 4 (4), pp. 430-437, April 1995.
[42] M. G. Ramos and S. S. Hemami, Perceptually-based scalable image coding for packet networks", to appear in Journal of Electronic Imaging, special issue on Image/Video Compression and Processing for Visual Communications, July 1998
[43] M. G. Ramos, S. S. Hemami, and M. A. Yamburro, Psychovisually-based multiresolution image segmentation, Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, Santa Barbara, CA, vol. 3, pp. 66-69, October 1997
[2] 刘隆和等，三模复合寻的制导研究，飞航导弹，1998(2)：57-61
[3] 周鼎新，对美国第三代肩射红外防空导弹导引头特色的分析，红外与激光技术，1984(3)：1-20
[4] 李文，杨莉，弹载双色红外系统信息处理技术研究，红外技术，1998，20(7)：27-31
[5] 曾高秋，曹文庄，玫瑰线图形扫描方位信息的计算及误差分析，红外技术，1998，20(7)：19-26
[6] 冯炽焘，李文，使用玫瑰线／螺线图形扫描的双色红外制导技术，红外技术，1993，15(1)：2-8
[7] J.N. Cederquist, T. J. Rogne, and C. R. Schwartz, Multispectral infrared target detection: phenomenology and modeling, SPIE, 1993(1954),192-197
[8] 陈光辉，红外／毫米波双模敏感器融合技术，制导兵器文集(第一集)，1992，4，109-118
[9] 范晋祥，主／被动双模红外成像系统，反坦克导弹技术译文集(下册)，1991，11，314-322
[10] Arne Jan Rodland, Image registration of naval IR images, SPIE, 1996(2739),341-350
[11] A. Toet, Image fusion by a ratio of low-pass pyramid, Pattern Recognition Letters, 1989, 5 (9), 245-253
[12] S. Mallat, A theory for multi-resolution signal decomposition: The wavelet representation, IEEE Transaction on pattern analysis and machine intelligence, 1989,11(7), 674-693
[13] Claude Lejeune, Wavelet transform for infrared application, SPIE, 1995 (2552) 313-324
[14] Grum F, Becherer R J, Radiometry, Academic Press, Inc, 1979
[15] Li Hong, An Wei, Xu Hui and etc, Multi-sensor data fusion method to discern target, SPIE, 1997 (3163), 575-583
[16] D. Vanrheaden and R. Johes, Noise effects on centroid tracker aim point estimation ,IEEE TAES. 1998, 3 (AES-24) ,177-185.
[17] 张忠诚，孟庆华，沈振康，目标红外特征分析，红外技术，1999，7(21)，26-28
[18] 李宏贵，罗正发，李国帧，李兴国，基于分形理论的红外图像边沿检测，红外技术，1999，1(21)，18-20
[19] Gregoris D J etc ,Detection of dim targets in FLIR imagery using multi-scale transforms, SPIE .1994(2262).62-67
[20] Bir Bhanu, Model-based segmentation of FLIR images, IEEE TAES, 1990, 1(26,1) 2-10
[21] 桑农，张天序，结合背景抑制的FLIR图形分割，红外与毫米波学报，1999，10(18，5)，369-374
[22] 冯炽焘，双色红外系统的计算机方真研究，红外技术，1995，3(17)，17-21
[23] Flannery R E, Miller J E, Status of uncooled infrared images, SPIE, 1992 (1689), 379-395
[24] 王忆锋，冯炽焘，李茜，坦克红外特征控制技术评述，红外技术，1998，7(20)，1-4
[25] 龚建勇，丁明跃，周成平，基于玫瑰线扫描双色融合目标识别方法，系统工程与电子技术，1998(7)1-6
[26] 崔锦泰，程正兴，小波分析导论，第一版，西安：西安交通大学出版社，1995
[27] Jerome M. Shapiro, "embedded image coding using zerotree of wavelet coefficients." IEEE Trans. Signal Processing. Vol. 41, pp. 3445-3462, Dec 1993.
[28] Amir Said and William A. Pearlman, "A new, fast and efficient image codec based on set partitioning in hierarchical trees", IEEE Trans. Circuits and System for Video Yechnolog. vol6, pp. 243-250, June 1996
[29] G. Minami, Z. Xiong, A. Wang and Mehrotra, 3-D wavelet coding of video with arbitrary regions of support, IEEE TSCV ,Vol. 11, pp. 1063-1068, sept. 2001
[30] E. Atsumi and N. Farvardin, lossy/lossless region-of-interest image coding based on set partitioning in hierarchical trees, Proc. IEEE Int Conf. Image Processing (ICIP-98), Chicago. IL. Oct, 1998
[31] Zhou Wang, Alan Conard Bovik, Embedded foveation image coding, IEEE TIP, VOL10. No. 10 2001. October
[32] Keun-hyeong Park, Hyun Wook Park, Region-of-interest coding based on set partitioning in hierarchical trees, IEEE TSCV Vol. 12 No. 2 pp. 106-113, February. 2002
[33] Sungdae Cho, William A. Pearlman, Afull-featured, error-resilient,
scalable wavelet video codec based on the set partitioning in hierarchical trees(SPIHT) algorithm, IEEE TSCV Vol. 12 No. 3 pp. 157-171, February. 2002
[34] Ingo Hontsch, Lina J. Karam, Robert J. Safranek, A perceptually tuned embedded zerotree image coder, Proceeding IEEE conference on image processing-ICIP97, Vol Ⅰ,41-44, Santa 8arbana, Oct, 1997
[35] 陈武凡，小波分析及其在图像处理中的应用，北京：科学出版社，2002
[36] 伯晓晨，李涛，刘路等，Matlab工具箱应用指南-信息工程篇，北京-电子科技出版社，2000．4
[37] 钟玉琢，王琪，贺玉文，基于对象的多媒体数据压缩编码国际标准MPEG-4及其校验模型，北京-科学出版社，2000
[38] TI, TMS320C5X User' s Guide:1992
[38] Ian H. Witten, Radford M. Neal, and John G. Cleary. Arithmetic coding for data compression. Communications of the ACM 30(6):520-540, June 1987
[39] Alistair Moffat, Radford M. Neal, and Ian H. Witten. Arithmetic coding revisited. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 16(3):256-294, July 1998.
[40] Glen G. Langdon, Jr. An introduction to arithmetic coding. IBM Journal of Research and Development, 28(2):135-149, March 1984
[41] X. Ran and N. Farvardin, A perceptually-motivated three-component image model - part Ⅱ: applications to image compression", IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 4 (4), pp. 430-437, April 1995.
[42] M. G. Ramos and S. S. Hemami, Perceptually-based scalable image coding for packet networks", to appear in Journal of Electronic Imaging, special issue on Image/Video Compression and Processing for Visual Communications, July 1998
[43] M. G. Ramos, S. S. Hemami, and M. A. Yamburro, Psychovisually-based multiresolution image segmentation, Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, Santa Barbara, CA, vol. 3, pp. 66-69, October 1997