长寿命产品退化试验方法研究
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摘要
基于性能退化的可靠性评估试验是解决高可靠性、长寿命产品寿命预测问题的重要手段,是近年来可靠性试验新的研究方向。随着科学和工程技术的发展,产品的失效机理日趋复杂,对于许多高可靠性、长寿命产品,通过截尾寿命试验或加速寿命试验已不能有效获取产品的失效寿命数据,因此,许多研究人员开始从产品的性能退化数据中提取寿命信息,以弥补高可靠性、长寿命产品可靠性评估过程中信息量不足的问题。然而,面对日新月异的现代科技与生产技术,许多现有的退化试验方法已不能有效满足某些高可靠性、长寿命产品的可靠性评估需求。本文以长寿命产品退化试验方法为研究对象,针对现有退化试验方法所存在的问题,结合相关理论提出了改进试验方法,解决了实际工程中存在的一些问题。论文的主要内容包括以下几个方面:
(1)传统的可靠性评估试验方法。详细介绍了两类传统的可靠性评估试验方法——寿命试验和退化试验,通过对比分析截尾寿命试验、加速寿命试验、常应力退化试验以及加速退化试验的试验设计方案,总结了它们各自的优缺点,并以此为基础提出了一些改进方法,从而为本文的研究工作奠定了理论基础。
(2)利用缩减样本的退化试验方法。针对如何有效获取性能退化数据的问题以及性能退化数据一致性检验的问题,提出了一种新的基于性能退化的可靠性评估试验方法——利用缩减样本的退化试验方法,并以金属化膜脉冲电容器的可靠性评估为例详细介绍了试验设计与数据收集方法,给出了数据一致性检验方法,最后结合一个应用实例,验证了所提出方法的有效性。
(3)含验证信息的加速退化试验方法。针对可靠性模型验证问题,提出了一种新的基于性能退化的可靠性评估试验方法——含验证信息的加速退化试验方法,对该试验方法的试验设计与数据收集方法同样以金属化膜脉冲电容器的可靠性评估为背景进行了介绍,并给出了模型验证方法,最后结合一个应用实例,分析了该试验方法的优缺点。
In recent years, reliability assessment test method based on performance degradation is a new research direction in the field of reliability test. It can effectively predict the lifetime of products with high reliability and long lifetime. With the development of the technology and engineering, the failure mechanism of products is becoming more and more complex. For many products with high reliability and long lifetime, their failure life data can not be obtained from the censoring life test or the accelerated life test. So many researchers try to extract the life information from performance degradation data to offset the lack of information in the reliability assessment of products with high reliability and long lifetime. However, with the rapid progress in the technology and manufacturing, many existed degradation test methods can not meet the needs that assess the reliability of products with high reliability and long lifetime. To solve the problem, this dissertation studies degradation test methods of products with high reliability and long lifetime. Based on the correlative theories, we propose some improved test methods and apply them in practice. The main achievements of the dissertation are as follows.
(1) Conventional reliability assessment test methods are discussed. Two types of conventional reliability assessment test methods are explicitly introduced, including life test and degradation test. Then we compare the test design methods of the censoring life test, the accelerated life test, the normal-stress degradation test and the accelerated degradation test, and summarize their advantages and disadvantages. According to these conclusions, we propose some effective methods to improve the existed degradation tests, which are the theoretical basics of the dissertation.
(2) Degradation test method using reduced sample is presented. To effectively obtain performance degradation data and check the consistency of the data, we present a new reliability assessment test method based on performance degradation which is called degradation test method using reduced sample. Using the reliability assessment of metallized film pulse capacitors, we explicitly introduce the methods of test design, data collection and data consistency check. At last, we apply the degradation test method using reduced sample to a case study, and show the validity of the test method.
(3) Accelerated degradation test method with validation information is proposed. To validate reliability model, we propose a new reliability assessment test method based on performance degradation which is called accelerated degradation test method with validation information. Using the reliability assessment of metallized film pulse capacitors, we detailedly investigate the methods of test design, data collection and model validation. At last, we apply the accelerated degradation test method with validation information to a case study. Based on the results, we summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the test method.
(1)传统的可靠性评估试验方法。详细介绍了两类传统的可靠性评估试验方法——寿命试验和退化试验,通过对比分析截尾寿命试验、加速寿命试验、常应力退化试验以及加速退化试验的试验设计方案,总结了它们各自的优缺点,并以此为基础提出了一些改进方法,从而为本文的研究工作奠定了理论基础。
(2)利用缩减样本的退化试验方法。针对如何有效获取性能退化数据的问题以及性能退化数据一致性检验的问题,提出了一种新的基于性能退化的可靠性评估试验方法——利用缩减样本的退化试验方法,并以金属化膜脉冲电容器的可靠性评估为例详细介绍了试验设计与数据收集方法,给出了数据一致性检验方法,最后结合一个应用实例,验证了所提出方法的有效性。
(3)含验证信息的加速退化试验方法。针对可靠性模型验证问题,提出了一种新的基于性能退化的可靠性评估试验方法——含验证信息的加速退化试验方法,对该试验方法的试验设计与数据收集方法同样以金属化膜脉冲电容器的可靠性评估为背景进行了介绍,并给出了模型验证方法,最后结合一个应用实例,分析了该试验方法的优缺点。
In recent years, reliability assessment test method based on performance degradation is a new research direction in the field of reliability test. It can effectively predict the lifetime of products with high reliability and long lifetime. With the development of the technology and engineering, the failure mechanism of products is becoming more and more complex. For many products with high reliability and long lifetime, their failure life data can not be obtained from the censoring life test or the accelerated life test. So many researchers try to extract the life information from performance degradation data to offset the lack of information in the reliability assessment of products with high reliability and long lifetime. However, with the rapid progress in the technology and manufacturing, many existed degradation test methods can not meet the needs that assess the reliability of products with high reliability and long lifetime. To solve the problem, this dissertation studies degradation test methods of products with high reliability and long lifetime. Based on the correlative theories, we propose some improved test methods and apply them in practice. The main achievements of the dissertation are as follows.
(1) Conventional reliability assessment test methods are discussed. Two types of conventional reliability assessment test methods are explicitly introduced, including life test and degradation test. Then we compare the test design methods of the censoring life test, the accelerated life test, the normal-stress degradation test and the accelerated degradation test, and summarize their advantages and disadvantages. According to these conclusions, we propose some effective methods to improve the existed degradation tests, which are the theoretical basics of the dissertation.
(2) Degradation test method using reduced sample is presented. To effectively obtain performance degradation data and check the consistency of the data, we present a new reliability assessment test method based on performance degradation which is called degradation test method using reduced sample. Using the reliability assessment of metallized film pulse capacitors, we explicitly introduce the methods of test design, data collection and data consistency check. At last, we apply the degradation test method using reduced sample to a case study, and show the validity of the test method.
(3) Accelerated degradation test method with validation information is proposed. To validate reliability model, we propose a new reliability assessment test method based on performance degradation which is called accelerated degradation test method with validation information. Using the reliability assessment of metallized film pulse capacitors, we detailedly investigate the methods of test design, data collection and model validation. At last, we apply the accelerated degradation test method with validation information to a case study. Based on the results, we summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the test method.
引文
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[3] Gertsbackh I B, Kordonskiy K B. Models of Failure [M]. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1969.
[4] Tseng S T, Yu H F. A termination rule for degradation experiments [J]. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 1997, 46(1): 130-133.
[5] Yu H F, Tseng S T. Designing a degradation experiment [J]. Naval Research Logistics, 1999, 46(6): 589-706.
[6] Wu S J, Chang C T. Optimal design of degradation tests in presence of cost constraint [J]. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 2002, 76(2): 109-115.
[7] Yang G B. Reliability Enhancement Through Degradation Testing [D]. Wayne: Wayne State University, 2000.
[8] Yu H F, Chiao C H. An optimal designed degradation experiment for reliability improvement [J]. IEEE Transactions on Reliablity, 2002, 51(4): 427-433.
[9] Chiao C H, Hamada M. Analyzing experiments with degradation data for improving reliability and for achieving robust reliability [J]. Quality and Reliability Engineering International, 2001, 17(5): 333-344.
[10]姚增起.系统退化和系统可靠性研究[D].北京:中国科学院自动化研究所, 1988.
[11] Meeker W Q, Hamada M. Statistical tools for the rapid development & evaluation of high-reliability products [J]. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 1995, 44(2): 187-198.
[12] Nelson W B. Analysis of performance degradation data from accelerated tests [J]. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 1981, 30(2): 149-154.
[13] Nelson W B. Accelerated Testing: Statistical Models, Test Plans, and Data Analysis [M]. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1990.
[14] Carey M B, Koenig R H. Reliability assessment based on accelerated degradation: a case study [J]. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 1991, 40(5):499-506.
[15] Tang L C, Chang D S. Reliability prediction using nondestructive accelerated-degradation data: case study on power supplies [J]. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 1995, 44 (4): 562-566.
[16] Padgett W J, Tomlinson M A. Inference from accelerated degradation and failure data based on Gaussian process models [J]. Lifetime Data Analysis, 2004, 10(2):191-206.
[17] Park C, Padgett W J. Accelerated degradation models for failure based on geometric Brownian motion and Gamma processes [J]. Lifetime Data Analysis, 2005, 11(4): 511-527.
[18] Boulanger M, Escobar L A. Experimental design for a class of accelerated degradation tests [J]. Technometrics, 1994, 36(3): 260-272.
[19] Park J I, Yum B J. Optimal design of accelerated degradation tests for estimating mean lifetime at the use condition [J]. Engineering Optimization, 1997, 28(3): 199-230.
[20] Yu H F, Tseng S T. On-line procedure for terminating an accelerated degradation test [J]. Statistica Sinica, 1998, 8: 207-220.
[21] Li Q S. Accelerated Degradation Test Planning and Optimization [D]. Tucson: The University of Arizona, 2002.
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