道路水泥混凝土微观结构与性能研究
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摘要
材料的微观结构决定着宏观性能,道路混凝土也不例外,不同尺度的内部孔结构直接影响到宏观耐久性,进而影响到水泥路面的使用寿命。因此,深入研究道路混凝土微观结构与宏观性能的相关性,对从本质上认识道路混凝土的工作性状及规律、指导组成设计具有重要的意义。
本文分别选取了不同尺度层次上典型的气孔结构、孔结构及微观形貌作为研究对象,全面系统地分析了三者与各项宏观路用性能之间的关系,总结归纳了材料组成对微观结构的影响规律,进而推荐了基于微观结构的配比设计参数的合理取值范围。在理论分析的基础之上,自行开发了基于数字图像处理技术的测孔方法,首次引入了气孔结构的总气孔率、平均孔径等指标,建立了气孔测试及评价体系,该体系比传统气孔测试方法更简便、快捷、精确度高。
同时,首次跨越不同结构层次、全面系统地分析研究了道路混凝土不同尺度的微观孔结构的变化规律及对路用性能的影响,并推荐了满足不同耐久性分区的氯离子抗渗性、抗冻性要求的合理气孔参数及孔级配范围。本研究成果具有理论明确、系统完整、先进实用性等特点,对水泥混凝土路面的设计与检验具有重要的指导作用。
There is no exception to Road cement, the microstructure of material decides its macroscopic performance, and the internal structure of different dimension directly influences the macroscopic durability. Therefore, a deep research in the relevance of road concrete's microstructure and macroscopic performance has the vital significance to essentially recognize the workability and rule of the cement and to instruct the composition design.
This paper chooses typical stomata structure、pore structure and micro-morphology of different scale level as the research object, comprehensively analyzed the relation between the three and every macroscopic pavement performance, summarized the rule of the influence of material composition on microstructure, then recommended the rational value rang based on the proportion design parameters of microstructure. Based on theory analysis, the measuring hole method based on digital image processing technology was self-developed. The indexes of total porosity、average pore diameter of pore structure was firstly introduced. The system of stomata test and evaluation which is easier、swifter、accuracy-higher was established.
At the same time, crossing the different structure level, this study comprehensively analyzed the influence of the change law of the road concrete's microstructure of different dimension. It also recommended the rational stomata parameters and the stomata gradation rang which can meet the demand of chloride impermeability、frost resistance of different durability division. This study result has the character such as theory clear、theory complete、practicality advanced etc, it plays a guiding role in the design and test of cement concrete pavement.
本文分别选取了不同尺度层次上典型的气孔结构、孔结构及微观形貌作为研究对象,全面系统地分析了三者与各项宏观路用性能之间的关系,总结归纳了材料组成对微观结构的影响规律,进而推荐了基于微观结构的配比设计参数的合理取值范围。在理论分析的基础之上,自行开发了基于数字图像处理技术的测孔方法,首次引入了气孔结构的总气孔率、平均孔径等指标,建立了气孔测试及评价体系,该体系比传统气孔测试方法更简便、快捷、精确度高。
同时,首次跨越不同结构层次、全面系统地分析研究了道路混凝土不同尺度的微观孔结构的变化规律及对路用性能的影响,并推荐了满足不同耐久性分区的氯离子抗渗性、抗冻性要求的合理气孔参数及孔级配范围。本研究成果具有理论明确、系统完整、先进实用性等特点,对水泥混凝土路面的设计与检验具有重要的指导作用。
There is no exception to Road cement, the microstructure of material decides its macroscopic performance, and the internal structure of different dimension directly influences the macroscopic durability. Therefore, a deep research in the relevance of road concrete's microstructure and macroscopic performance has the vital significance to essentially recognize the workability and rule of the cement and to instruct the composition design.
This paper chooses typical stomata structure、pore structure and micro-morphology of different scale level as the research object, comprehensively analyzed the relation between the three and every macroscopic pavement performance, summarized the rule of the influence of material composition on microstructure, then recommended the rational value rang based on the proportion design parameters of microstructure. Based on theory analysis, the measuring hole method based on digital image processing technology was self-developed. The indexes of total porosity、average pore diameter of pore structure was firstly introduced. The system of stomata test and evaluation which is easier、swifter、accuracy-higher was established.
At the same time, crossing the different structure level, this study comprehensively analyzed the influence of the change law of the road concrete's microstructure of different dimension. It also recommended the rational stomata parameters and the stomata gradation rang which can meet the demand of chloride impermeability、frost resistance of different durability division. This study result has the character such as theory clear、theory complete、practicality advanced etc, it plays a guiding role in the design and test of cement concrete pavement.
引文
[1]吴中伟,韩素芳.预拌混凝土和高性能混凝土技术的现状与发展.建筑技术.1997
[2]张颖.混凝土材料细观结构与抗冻融性的研究.兰州交通大学.2007
[3]StevenH.kosmatka,BeatrixKerkhoff,WilliamC.Panarese.混凝土设计与控制.钱觉时等译.重庆:重庆人学出版社.2005
[4]A.M.Neville.混凝土的性能.李国洋,马贞勇译.北京:中国建材工业出版社,1983
[5]吴中伟,廉惠珍.高性能混凝土.北京:中国铁道出版社,1999
[6]L.Tang.et.A new aproach to the determination of pore distribution by penetrating chlorides into conerete.C.C.R vol.25,No.4,PP,1995
[7]Guse,Hilsdorf HK.Surface Cracking of High Strength Concrete.Wittmann F.H,Schwesinger P.High Performance Concrete:Material Properties and Design.Freiburg:AeDFICATIO Verlag Gmbh,2001
[8]A.Carpinteri,B.Chiaia,Crack-Resistance behavior as a consequence of self-similar fracture topologies,International Journal of Fracture,1996
[9]李金玉,邓正刚,曹建国等.混凝土抗冻性的定量化设计.第五届全国混凝土耐久性学术交流会论文集.中国土木工程学会,2000
[10]Emmanuel K.Attiogbe,Mean Spacing of Air Void in Hardened Concrete,ACI Materials Journal.1993
[11]Emmanuel K.Attiogbe,Predicting.Freeze-Thaw Durability of Concrete-A New Approach,ACI Material Journal,1996.
[12]金南国.混凝土强度与孔结构模型建立.浙江大学学报,2005
[13]G.C.Bye.Portland Cement.Pergamon Press.1983
[14]Sidney Mindess,J Francis Young.方清秋,吴科如等译.Concrete.New Jersey:Prentice-Hall Inc.Englewood Cliffs,1989
[15]郭剑飞.混凝土孔结构与强度关系理论研究.浙江大学,2004
[16]P.M.Mehta,D.Manmohan.Pore Size Distribution and Permeability of Hardened Cement Paste.In:7th International Symposium on the Chemistry of Cement,Paris,1980
[17]冯乃谦.高性能混凝土结构.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[18]冯乃谦.实用混凝土大全.北京:科学出版社,2001
[19]唐春安.朱万成.混凝土损伤与断裂—数值试验.北京:科学技术出版社,2003
[20]尹红宇.混凝土孔结构的分形特征研究,广西大学,2006
[21]ManmohanD,P.K.Mehta.Study on Blended Portland.Cements Containing Santrin Earth.Cement ang Concrete Reseaeh.1981
[22]Report by OECD Scientific Experts Group,Durability of Concrete Road Bddges,IRRD NO:814436,1990
[23]孟庆朝.混凝土耐久性与孔结构影响因素的研究.哈尔滨工业大学.2006
[24]CEB耐久混凝土结构设计指南(第三版,1989)(周燕等译),北京:中国建筑科学研究院,1989
[25]胶凝材料编写组,胶凝材料学.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1980
[26][英]A.M.内维尔,李国洋,马贞勇译.混凝土的性能.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1983
[27]B.K.Marsh.Relationship between engineering properties and microstructural properties of hardened eenment paste containing PFA as a partial cement replacement.Ph.D thesis,Hatfield Polytechnic,1984
[28]冯乃谦,刑锋.高性能混凝土技术.北京:原子能出版社,2000
[29]廉惠珍,童良,陈恩义.建筑材料物相研究基础.北京:清华大学出版社,1996
[30]杨华全,李文伟.水工混凝土研究与应用.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005
[31]T.C.Powers.Strueture and physical properties of hardenen portland cement paste.J.AM.Ceram.Soc.1985
[32]A.J.Katz,A.H.Thompson.Quantitative prediction of permeability in porous rock.Phys.Rev.B,1986
[33]李淑进.混凝土渗透性与耐久性研究,青岛建筑工程学院,2002
[34]杜婷.高性能再生混凝土微观结构及性能试验研究.华中科技大学,2006
[35]申爱琴.水泥混凝土路面裂缝修补材料研究.长安大学.2005
[36]熊剑平.聚合物改性水泥混凝土路用性能研究.长安大学.2005
[37]朱建辉.聚合物改性超细水泥在混凝土路面裂缝修补中的应用研究,长安大学,2004
[38]苏敬斌.机场道面耐磨蚀混凝土技术研究.空军工程大学.2007
[39]连丽,混凝土显微结构研究,武汉理工大学,2006
[40]陈联荣,黄士元.混凝土的抗冻性及气孔结构.上海建材学院学报.1989
[41]P.K.Mehta.Concrete Technology at the Crossroads-Problems and Opportinities,ACI SP,1994
[42]Powers TC and Helnuth RA.Theory of Volume Change in Hardened Portland Cement Paste During Freezing,Proceedings[J].Highway Research Board,1953
[43]李淑进,赵铁军,吴科如.混凝土渗透性与微观结构的关系的研究,混凝土与水泥制品,2004
[44]耿飞,解建光,钱春香.图像分析技术对混凝土裂缝的定量评价.混凝土,2005
[45]王爱勤,张承志.水泥石一集料界面过渡区的形成机理及改善途径.混凝土与水泥制 品,1994
[46]朱培蓉,吴学礼,黄士元.混凝土中气孔体系形成及其稳定性的影响因素.混凝土.1999
[47]刘兴华.混凝土桥腐蚀产物的岩相分析.西安建筑科技大学学报,1997
[48]唐明.压汞测孔评价混凝土材料孔隙分形特征的研究,沈阳建筑工程学院学报,2001
[49]纪午生,陈伟,张应立等.常用建筑材料试验手册.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1986
[50]V.S.Ranmachandran等著.黄士元等译.混凝土科学.北京:建筑工业出版社,1986
[51]王勇威.超高强高性能混凝土的组成、结构及其收缩与补偿的研究.重庆大学材料学,2001
[52]Y.Ohamaand K.Shiroishida.Propertiess of polymer-modified mortar susing powder emulsion.Polymer concrete American Concrete Institute,2000。
[53]王兆利.混凝土性及其与抗渗性的关系.青岛建筑工程学院,2003
[54]P.K.Mehta.Durability-cdtical issues for the future.Concrete International,July,1997
[55]A.Abbas.Permeability of Mortars and the Degree of Saturation Concrete International,July,1999
[56]P.K.Mahta,D.Manmohan.Pore size distribution and permeability of hardened cement paste.7~(th) International Symposium of Cement,Paris,Ⅲ,Ⅶ.Paris:International Congress On the Chemistry of Cement,1980
[57]赵铁军.高性能混凝土的渗透性研究.武汉大学.2000
[58]赵铁军.混凝土渗透性.北京:科学出版社,2005
[59]曹文祥,慕万奎.高耐磨性混凝土,黑龙江交通科技,2005
[60]陈瑜,张大千.水泥混凝土路面磨损机理及其耐磨性.混凝土与水泥制品.2004
[61]张承志,王爱琴,邵惠.建筑混凝土.化学工业出版社.2007
[62]金良羽,赵羽习,混凝土结构耐久性,科学出版社,2002
[63]王媛俐,姚燕.重点工程混凝土耐久性的研究与工程应用.2000
[64]Designing for Durability,CONCRETE INTERNATIONAL-DETROIT-VOL,1991
[65]“道路水泥混凝土配合比组成设计方法应用指南”,长安大学,2008
[2]张颖.混凝土材料细观结构与抗冻融性的研究.兰州交通大学.2007
[3]StevenH.kosmatka,BeatrixKerkhoff,WilliamC.Panarese.混凝土设计与控制.钱觉时等译.重庆:重庆人学出版社.2005
[4]A.M.Neville.混凝土的性能.李国洋,马贞勇译.北京:中国建材工业出版社,1983
[5]吴中伟,廉惠珍.高性能混凝土.北京:中国铁道出版社,1999
[6]L.Tang.et.A new aproach to the determination of pore distribution by penetrating chlorides into conerete.C.C.R vol.25,No.4,PP,1995
[7]Guse,Hilsdorf HK.Surface Cracking of High Strength Concrete.Wittmann F.H,Schwesinger P.High Performance Concrete:Material Properties and Design.Freiburg:AeDFICATIO Verlag Gmbh,2001
[8]A.Carpinteri,B.Chiaia,Crack-Resistance behavior as a consequence of self-similar fracture topologies,International Journal of Fracture,1996
[9]李金玉,邓正刚,曹建国等.混凝土抗冻性的定量化设计.第五届全国混凝土耐久性学术交流会论文集.中国土木工程学会,2000
[10]Emmanuel K.Attiogbe,Mean Spacing of Air Void in Hardened Concrete,ACI Materials Journal.1993
[11]Emmanuel K.Attiogbe,Predicting.Freeze-Thaw Durability of Concrete-A New Approach,ACI Material Journal,1996.
[12]金南国.混凝土强度与孔结构模型建立.浙江大学学报,2005
[13]G.C.Bye.Portland Cement.Pergamon Press.1983
[14]Sidney Mindess,J Francis Young.方清秋,吴科如等译.Concrete.New Jersey:Prentice-Hall Inc.Englewood Cliffs,1989
[15]郭剑飞.混凝土孔结构与强度关系理论研究.浙江大学,2004
[16]P.M.Mehta,D.Manmohan.Pore Size Distribution and Permeability of Hardened Cement Paste.In:7th International Symposium on the Chemistry of Cement,Paris,1980
[17]冯乃谦.高性能混凝土结构.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[18]冯乃谦.实用混凝土大全.北京:科学出版社,2001
[19]唐春安.朱万成.混凝土损伤与断裂—数值试验.北京:科学技术出版社,2003
[20]尹红宇.混凝土孔结构的分形特征研究,广西大学,2006
[21]ManmohanD,P.K.Mehta.Study on Blended Portland.Cements Containing Santrin Earth.Cement ang Concrete Reseaeh.1981
[22]Report by OECD Scientific Experts Group,Durability of Concrete Road Bddges,IRRD NO:814436,1990
[23]孟庆朝.混凝土耐久性与孔结构影响因素的研究.哈尔滨工业大学.2006
[24]CEB耐久混凝土结构设计指南(第三版,1989)(周燕等译),北京:中国建筑科学研究院,1989
[25]胶凝材料编写组,胶凝材料学.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1980
[26][英]A.M.内维尔,李国洋,马贞勇译.混凝土的性能.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1983
[27]B.K.Marsh.Relationship between engineering properties and microstructural properties of hardened eenment paste containing PFA as a partial cement replacement.Ph.D thesis,Hatfield Polytechnic,1984
[28]冯乃谦,刑锋.高性能混凝土技术.北京:原子能出版社,2000
[29]廉惠珍,童良,陈恩义.建筑材料物相研究基础.北京:清华大学出版社,1996
[30]杨华全,李文伟.水工混凝土研究与应用.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005
[31]T.C.Powers.Strueture and physical properties of hardenen portland cement paste.J.AM.Ceram.Soc.1985
[32]A.J.Katz,A.H.Thompson.Quantitative prediction of permeability in porous rock.Phys.Rev.B,1986
[33]李淑进.混凝土渗透性与耐久性研究,青岛建筑工程学院,2002
[34]杜婷.高性能再生混凝土微观结构及性能试验研究.华中科技大学,2006
[35]申爱琴.水泥混凝土路面裂缝修补材料研究.长安大学.2005
[36]熊剑平.聚合物改性水泥混凝土路用性能研究.长安大学.2005
[37]朱建辉.聚合物改性超细水泥在混凝土路面裂缝修补中的应用研究,长安大学,2004
[38]苏敬斌.机场道面耐磨蚀混凝土技术研究.空军工程大学.2007
[39]连丽,混凝土显微结构研究,武汉理工大学,2006
[40]陈联荣,黄士元.混凝土的抗冻性及气孔结构.上海建材学院学报.1989
[41]P.K.Mehta.Concrete Technology at the Crossroads-Problems and Opportinities,ACI SP,1994
[42]Powers TC and Helnuth RA.Theory of Volume Change in Hardened Portland Cement Paste During Freezing,Proceedings[J].Highway Research Board,1953
[43]李淑进,赵铁军,吴科如.混凝土渗透性与微观结构的关系的研究,混凝土与水泥制品,2004
[44]耿飞,解建光,钱春香.图像分析技术对混凝土裂缝的定量评价.混凝土,2005
[45]王爱勤,张承志.水泥石一集料界面过渡区的形成机理及改善途径.混凝土与水泥制 品,1994
[46]朱培蓉,吴学礼,黄士元.混凝土中气孔体系形成及其稳定性的影响因素.混凝土.1999
[47]刘兴华.混凝土桥腐蚀产物的岩相分析.西安建筑科技大学学报,1997
[48]唐明.压汞测孔评价混凝土材料孔隙分形特征的研究,沈阳建筑工程学院学报,2001
[49]纪午生,陈伟,张应立等.常用建筑材料试验手册.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1986
[50]V.S.Ranmachandran等著.黄士元等译.混凝土科学.北京:建筑工业出版社,1986
[51]王勇威.超高强高性能混凝土的组成、结构及其收缩与补偿的研究.重庆大学材料学,2001
[52]Y.Ohamaand K.Shiroishida.Propertiess of polymer-modified mortar susing powder emulsion.Polymer concrete American Concrete Institute,2000。
[53]王兆利.混凝土性及其与抗渗性的关系.青岛建筑工程学院,2003
[54]P.K.Mehta.Durability-cdtical issues for the future.Concrete International,July,1997
[55]A.Abbas.Permeability of Mortars and the Degree of Saturation Concrete International,July,1999
[56]P.K.Mahta,D.Manmohan.Pore size distribution and permeability of hardened cement paste.7~(th) International Symposium of Cement,Paris,Ⅲ,Ⅶ.Paris:International Congress On the Chemistry of Cement,1980
[57]赵铁军.高性能混凝土的渗透性研究.武汉大学.2000
[58]赵铁军.混凝土渗透性.北京:科学出版社,2005
[59]曹文祥,慕万奎.高耐磨性混凝土,黑龙江交通科技,2005
[60]陈瑜,张大千.水泥混凝土路面磨损机理及其耐磨性.混凝土与水泥制品.2004
[61]张承志,王爱琴,邵惠.建筑混凝土.化学工业出版社.2007
[62]金良羽,赵羽习,混凝土结构耐久性,科学出版社,2002
[63]王媛俐,姚燕.重点工程混凝土耐久性的研究与工程应用.2000
[64]Designing for Durability,CONCRETE INTERNATIONAL-DETROIT-VOL,1991
[65]“道路水泥混凝土配合比组成设计方法应用指南”,长安大学,2008