IT企业知识管理能力评价研究
|
摘要
在知识经济的背景下，知识已成为企业发展、经济增长和社会进步的核心资源，本文针对IT企业知识管理能力评价研究不足的问题，在对知识管理及知识管理能力评价理论研究的基础上，结合IT企业的特点，构建了IT企业知识管理能力评价模型，并以燕软集团的知识管理能力评价为例进行实证研究。
首先，本文在分析IT企业知识管理的层次性特点及对以往研究的总结思考基础上，在建立IT企业知识管理层次性框架时，创新性的考虑企业外部知识管理层次，通过对企业知识管理能力评价的内涵、流程和原则的研究，在各种指标体系权重确定方法和综合评价方法的对比下，结合IT企业知识管理能力的特点，最终选取了层次分析法确定指标权重，模糊综合评价方法对IT企业知识管理能力进行评价。
其次，在IT企业知识管理能力评价模型中，根据IT企业知识管理的层次性特点，将建立各指标体系的出发点定位在企业的视角，是本文的另一个新颖之处，并运用德尔菲法构建了包含定性和定量的指标体系，全面客观的反映IT企业知识管理能力的情况，构建IT企业知识管理评价模型。
最后，本文以燕软集团的知识管理能力评价为例，通过将调研所获得的数据和专家调查法所积累的数据用到本文所构建的IT企业知识管理能力评价模型中去。一方面验证了评价方法和评价模型的实用性，另一方面对燕软集团知识管理能力进行了科学、合理的评价，并通过根据对评价结果的分析为燕软集团知识管理的有效实施提出了改进措施和建议。
In the background of knowledge economy, the knowledge has become the coreresources for the development of enterprise, the growth of economic and the progress ofsocial. There is the shortage of research in performance evaluation for IT enterpriseknowledge management, On the the basis of research of knowledge management andknowledge management ability evaluation, This paper constructs the evaluation model ofIT enterprise knowledge management ability with the characteristics of IT enterprise.And end with Yan Ruan group of knowledge management ability evaluation as anexample for empirical research.
First of all, based on the analysis the characteristics of level of IT enterpriseknowledge management and the research previously, when establish the level frameworkof IT enterprise knowledge management, I consider the knowledge management level ofenterprise external. Through to the research of connotation, processes and principles ofenterprise knowledge management performance evaluation, and eventually selected theanalytic hierarchy process index weight and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methodfor the IT enterprise knowledge management ability evaluation.
Secondly, in the IT enterprise knowledge management ability evaluation model,according to level of features of IT enterprise knowledge management, this paper willbuild the starting point of the model from the view of the enterprise, and using Delphimethod to construct qualitative and quantitative index system, building IT enterpriseknowledge management model.
Finally, this paper takes Yan Ruan group knowledge management ability evaluationas an example, through the data obtained and experts investigation accumulated data usethis paper constructed IT enterprise knowledge management ability evaluation model. Onthe one hand the evaluation method and evaluation test model is practical, on the otherhand the IT enterprise knowledge management ability is a scientific and reasonableevaluation, and through the analysis of the evaluation results for Yan Ruan and give theenterprise some measures and Suggestions for improvement.
首先，本文在分析IT企业知识管理的层次性特点及对以往研究的总结思考基础上，在建立IT企业知识管理层次性框架时，创新性的考虑企业外部知识管理层次，通过对企业知识管理能力评价的内涵、流程和原则的研究，在各种指标体系权重确定方法和综合评价方法的对比下，结合IT企业知识管理能力的特点，最终选取了层次分析法确定指标权重，模糊综合评价方法对IT企业知识管理能力进行评价。
其次，在IT企业知识管理能力评价模型中，根据IT企业知识管理的层次性特点，将建立各指标体系的出发点定位在企业的视角，是本文的另一个新颖之处，并运用德尔菲法构建了包含定性和定量的指标体系，全面客观的反映IT企业知识管理能力的情况，构建IT企业知识管理评价模型。
最后，本文以燕软集团的知识管理能力评价为例，通过将调研所获得的数据和专家调查法所积累的数据用到本文所构建的IT企业知识管理能力评价模型中去。一方面验证了评价方法和评价模型的实用性，另一方面对燕软集团知识管理能力进行了科学、合理的评价，并通过根据对评价结果的分析为燕软集团知识管理的有效实施提出了改进措施和建议。
In the background of knowledge economy, the knowledge has become the coreresources for the development of enterprise, the growth of economic and the progress ofsocial. There is the shortage of research in performance evaluation for IT enterpriseknowledge management, On the the basis of research of knowledge management andknowledge management ability evaluation, This paper constructs the evaluation model ofIT enterprise knowledge management ability with the characteristics of IT enterprise.And end with Yan Ruan group of knowledge management ability evaluation as anexample for empirical research.
First of all, based on the analysis the characteristics of level of IT enterpriseknowledge management and the research previously, when establish the level frameworkof IT enterprise knowledge management, I consider the knowledge management level ofenterprise external. Through to the research of connotation, processes and principles ofenterprise knowledge management performance evaluation, and eventually selected theanalytic hierarchy process index weight and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methodfor the IT enterprise knowledge management ability evaluation.
Secondly, in the IT enterprise knowledge management ability evaluation model,according to level of features of IT enterprise knowledge management, this paper willbuild the starting point of the model from the view of the enterprise, and using Delphimethod to construct qualitative and quantitative index system, building IT enterpriseknowledge management model.
Finally, this paper takes Yan Ruan group knowledge management ability evaluationas an example, through the data obtained and experts investigation accumulated data usethis paper constructed IT enterprise knowledge management ability evaluation model. Onthe one hand the evaluation method and evaluation test model is practical, on the otherhand the IT enterprise knowledge management ability is a scientific and reasonableevaluation, and through the analysis of the evaluation results for Yan Ruan and give theenterprise some measures and Suggestions for improvement.
引文
[1]祝凌燕.电信服务业知识管理能力评价研究[D].南京:南京邮电大学,2007,(4):45-98.
[2]叶桃丽.基于知识管理的IT企业人才流失研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2010,(3):12-78.
[3]李玉刚,刘颖杰. IT企业知识管理的特征及模式的建构[J].东北大学学报(社会科学版),2004,(6):403-406.
[4] Hendriks P. Why Sharing Knowledge. The Influence of ICT on he Motivation for KnowledgeSharing[J].Knowledge and Process Management,1999,(2):91-100.
[5] Yang J. Individual Attitudes and Organizational Knowledge Sharing[J].Tourism Management，2008,(2):345-353.
[6]刑颖. IT企业的知识管理层次结构分析[J].商场现代化,2008,(4):134-135.
[7]陈晶璞.企业核心能力理论分析与评价方法研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2002,(6):21-46.
[8] Paul. Knowledge management to learning organization connection[J].Journal of Management inEngineering.2007,(7):122-130.
[9] Andreas Riege,Michael Zulpo. Knowledge transfer rocess cycle: between factory floor and middlemanagement[J].Australian Journal of Management,2007,(12):293-314.
[10]邱均平.知识管理学[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2006:331-341.
[11]白杨.企业知识管理理论研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2001:23-45.
[12]张晓东,何攀,朱敏.知识管理模型研究述评[J].科技进步与对策,2011,(4):156-160.
[13]BONTIS N. There’s a price on your head: Managing intellectual capital strategically[J].BusinessQuarterly, summer,1996,(2):41-47.
[14]卢启程.企业动态能力的形成和演化—基于知识管理视角[J].研究与发展管理,2009,(2):70-78.
[15]K ROMHARDT, G PROBST. Building blocks of knowledge management-A practical approach,input-paper for the seminar [J]. Knowledge Management and the European Union-To-wards aEuropean Knowledge,1997,(1):213-224.
[16][美]VERNA ALLEE.知识的进化[M].广州:珠海出版社,1997:135-147.
[17]谷奇峰,丁慧平.企业能力理论研究综述[J].北京交通大学学报（社会科学版）,2009,(8):17-22.
[18]Barney J B. Firm Resources and Sustainable Competitive Advantage[J]. Journal of Management,1991,(1):99-120.
[19]Zott C. Dynamic Capabilities and the Emergence of Intra-Industry Differential Firm Performance:Insights From a Simulation Study[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2002,(2):97-125.
[20]Teece D, Pisano G, Shuen A. Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management[J]. StrategicManagement Journal,1997,(7):509-533.
[21]Choi B, Lee H. An empirical investigation of KM style and their effect on corporate performance
[J]. Information and Management,2003,(4):403-417.
[22]Ahn Jae-hyeon, Chang Sukgwon. Assessing the contribution of knowledge to business performance:the KP3methodology[J]. Decision SupportSystems,2004,(3):403-416.
[23]LeeK C, Lee S, et a.l KMPI: measuring knowledge management performance [J]. Information&Management,2005,(4):469-482
[24]陈建东.知识管理理论流派初探[J].北京交通大学学报（社会科学版）,2009,(8):17-22.
[25]胡秋梅.企业知识管理理论研究述评[J].科学管理研究.2011,(2):73-78.
[26]HuntS D,RobertMM. The comparative advantage theory of competition. Journal ofMarketing,1995,(2):1-15.
[27] NorthD. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economis Performances.Cambridge UniversityPress: Cambridge, U.K,1990.
[28] CampbellA J. Creating customer knowledge competence:managing customerrelationshiPmanagementprograms strategically. Industrial MarketingManagement,2003,(5):375-383.
[29]Teece D J, PisanoG. Strategicmanagement journa.l Dynamic Capabilities and StrategicManagement,1997,(7):509-530.
[30]姜春林.大学知识能力及其测度指标体系初探[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(社会科学版),2007,(7):612-614.
[31]彼得·德鲁克等.知识管理[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1999:23-76.
[32]跃清.知识资本的测量与管理[EB/OL].http:∥www.chinajournal.net.cn/indexqkw.htm,2000-06-18.
[33]乌家培.信息、知识经济及相关问题[J].新华文摘,1999,(2):59~62.
[34]张向阳.知识管理评价文献综评[J].深圳信息职业技术学院学报,2007,(9):83-88.
[35]孙丕恕. IT企业知识管理建设中存在的问题及建议[J].信息技术与信息化，2008,(6):9-10.
[36]葛询洵.试论我国IT企业知识管理的实施[J].现代管理，2008,(5):232-233.
[37]郭意灵.我国IT企业如何实行有效的知识管理[J].软件工程,2009,(2):156-158.
[38]吴金希,刘翼生.加强知识管理提高我国高科技企业核心竞争能力[J].中外企业文化,2010,(5):198-201.
[39]张玮,王振维,徐倩.知识密集型组织知识管理评价研究[J].中华医学科研管理杂志,2009,(5):261-265.
[40]叶春森,汪传雷,储节旺,刘宏伟.国内外知识管理评价模式研究[J].理论与探索,2008,(5):684-688.
[41]储节旺.国内外知识管理理论发展与流派研究[J].图书情报工作,2007,51(4):80-83.
[42]刘学军,彭乙.知识管理系统综合评价的模糊层次分析法[J].大学图书情报学刊,2005,(4):5-7.
[43]王君,樊治平.知识管理者能力的一种模糊多指标评价方法[J].系统工程理论方法应用,2003,12(3):3-6.
[44]李朝明,刘晖铭.企业知识管理水平评价指标体系的研究[J].大连理工大学学报:社会科学版,2007,28(2):132-145.
[45]Shin M. A framework for evaluating economics of knowledge management systems [J].Information&Management,2004,(24):179-196.
[46]LeeK C, Lee S, et a.l KMPI: measuring knowledge management performance [J]. Information&Management,2005,(42):469-472.
[47]郑景丽,司有和.企业知识管理水平评价指标体系[J].经济体制改革,2003,(5):162-165.
[48]Lina C, Tseng Shu-me.i Bridging the implementation gaps in the knowledgemanagement systemfor enhancing corporate performance [J]. Expert Systems with Applications,2005,(9):163-173.
[49]刘希宋,邓立治,桂雪玲.企业运用知识管理的评价模型及对策分析[J].商业研究,2009,(5):1-2.
[50]赵曙明.知识企业与知识管理[M].南京:南京大学出版社，2000:14-27.
[51]谢雪梅. IT项目中的知识管理研究[D].北京:北京邮电大学，2007:2-30.
[2]叶桃丽.基于知识管理的IT企业人才流失研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2010,(3):12-78.
[3]李玉刚,刘颖杰. IT企业知识管理的特征及模式的建构[J].东北大学学报(社会科学版),2004,(6):403-406.
[4] Hendriks P. Why Sharing Knowledge. The Influence of ICT on he Motivation for KnowledgeSharing[J].Knowledge and Process Management,1999,(2):91-100.
[5] Yang J. Individual Attitudes and Organizational Knowledge Sharing[J].Tourism Management，2008,(2):345-353.
[6]刑颖. IT企业的知识管理层次结构分析[J].商场现代化,2008,(4):134-135.
[7]陈晶璞.企业核心能力理论分析与评价方法研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2002,(6):21-46.
[8] Paul. Knowledge management to learning organization connection[J].Journal of Management inEngineering.2007,(7):122-130.
[9] Andreas Riege,Michael Zulpo. Knowledge transfer rocess cycle: between factory floor and middlemanagement[J].Australian Journal of Management,2007,(12):293-314.
[10]邱均平.知识管理学[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2006:331-341.
[11]白杨.企业知识管理理论研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2001:23-45.
[12]张晓东,何攀,朱敏.知识管理模型研究述评[J].科技进步与对策,2011,(4):156-160.
[13]BONTIS N. There’s a price on your head: Managing intellectual capital strategically[J].BusinessQuarterly, summer,1996,(2):41-47.
[14]卢启程.企业动态能力的形成和演化—基于知识管理视角[J].研究与发展管理,2009,(2):70-78.
[15]K ROMHARDT, G PROBST. Building blocks of knowledge management-A practical approach,input-paper for the seminar [J]. Knowledge Management and the European Union-To-wards aEuropean Knowledge,1997,(1):213-224.
[16][美]VERNA ALLEE.知识的进化[M].广州:珠海出版社,1997:135-147.
[17]谷奇峰,丁慧平.企业能力理论研究综述[J].北京交通大学学报（社会科学版）,2009,(8):17-22.
[18]Barney J B. Firm Resources and Sustainable Competitive Advantage[J]. Journal of Management,1991,(1):99-120.
[19]Zott C. Dynamic Capabilities and the Emergence of Intra-Industry Differential Firm Performance:Insights From a Simulation Study[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2002,(2):97-125.
[20]Teece D, Pisano G, Shuen A. Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management[J]. StrategicManagement Journal,1997,(7):509-533.
[21]Choi B, Lee H. An empirical investigation of KM style and their effect on corporate performance
[J]. Information and Management,2003,(4):403-417.
[22]Ahn Jae-hyeon, Chang Sukgwon. Assessing the contribution of knowledge to business performance:the KP3methodology[J]. Decision SupportSystems,2004,(3):403-416.
[23]LeeK C, Lee S, et a.l KMPI: measuring knowledge management performance [J]. Information&Management,2005,(4):469-482
[24]陈建东.知识管理理论流派初探[J].北京交通大学学报（社会科学版）,2009,(8):17-22.
[25]胡秋梅.企业知识管理理论研究述评[J].科学管理研究.2011,(2):73-78.
[26]HuntS D,RobertMM. The comparative advantage theory of competition. Journal ofMarketing,1995,(2):1-15.
[27] NorthD. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economis Performances.Cambridge UniversityPress: Cambridge, U.K,1990.
[28] CampbellA J. Creating customer knowledge competence:managing customerrelationshiPmanagementprograms strategically. Industrial MarketingManagement,2003,(5):375-383.
[29]Teece D J, PisanoG. Strategicmanagement journa.l Dynamic Capabilities and StrategicManagement,1997,(7):509-530.
[30]姜春林.大学知识能力及其测度指标体系初探[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(社会科学版),2007,(7):612-614.
[31]彼得·德鲁克等.知识管理[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1999:23-76.
[32]跃清.知识资本的测量与管理[EB/OL].http:∥www.chinajournal.net.cn/indexqkw.htm,2000-06-18.
[33]乌家培.信息、知识经济及相关问题[J].新华文摘,1999,(2):59~62.
[34]张向阳.知识管理评价文献综评[J].深圳信息职业技术学院学报,2007,(9):83-88.
[35]孙丕恕. IT企业知识管理建设中存在的问题及建议[J].信息技术与信息化，2008,(6):9-10.
[36]葛询洵.试论我国IT企业知识管理的实施[J].现代管理，2008,(5):232-233.
[37]郭意灵.我国IT企业如何实行有效的知识管理[J].软件工程,2009,(2):156-158.
[38]吴金希,刘翼生.加强知识管理提高我国高科技企业核心竞争能力[J].中外企业文化,2010,(5):198-201.
[39]张玮,王振维,徐倩.知识密集型组织知识管理评价研究[J].中华医学科研管理杂志,2009,(5):261-265.
[40]叶春森,汪传雷,储节旺,刘宏伟.国内外知识管理评价模式研究[J].理论与探索,2008,(5):684-688.
[41]储节旺.国内外知识管理理论发展与流派研究[J].图书情报工作,2007,51(4):80-83.
[42]刘学军,彭乙.知识管理系统综合评价的模糊层次分析法[J].大学图书情报学刊,2005,(4):5-7.
[43]王君,樊治平.知识管理者能力的一种模糊多指标评价方法[J].系统工程理论方法应用,2003,12(3):3-6.
[44]李朝明,刘晖铭.企业知识管理水平评价指标体系的研究[J].大连理工大学学报:社会科学版,2007,28(2):132-145.
[45]Shin M. A framework for evaluating economics of knowledge management systems [J].Information&Management,2004,(24):179-196.
[46]LeeK C, Lee S, et a.l KMPI: measuring knowledge management performance [J]. Information&Management,2005,(42):469-472.
[47]郑景丽,司有和.企业知识管理水平评价指标体系[J].经济体制改革,2003,(5):162-165.
[48]Lina C, Tseng Shu-me.i Bridging the implementation gaps in the knowledgemanagement systemfor enhancing corporate performance [J]. Expert Systems with Applications,2005,(9):163-173.
[49]刘希宋,邓立治,桂雪玲.企业运用知识管理的评价模型及对策分析[J].商业研究,2009,(5):1-2.
[50]赵曙明.知识企业与知识管理[M].南京:南京大学出版社，2000:14-27.
[51]谢雪梅. IT项目中的知识管理研究[D].北京:北京邮电大学，2007:2-30.