IC+CASS处理乳酸废水的生产性启动研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
本论文以河南金丹乳酸有限公司的乳酸废水处理工程为研究对象,通过仔细调研相关资料,详细分析乳酸废水的产生来源、水量和水质特征,综合对比国内外乳酸废水处理工程采用的相关处理技术,运用厌氧和好氧技术,确定试验方案,进行测试分析。本文重点研究了IC反应器处理乳酸工业废水的生产性启动规律,同时为IC+CASS工艺在乳酸废水处理中的应用提供了经验数据,有一定的参考价值。
     根据IC反应器中有机物的降解和细胞合成的关系,建立了进料有机负荷模型M_n=(1+k)~(n-1)M_1和容积负荷模型N_n=(1+k)~(n-1)N_1,并根据该模型制定了进料负荷方案。接种污泥为郑州市污水处理厂的厌氧脱水污泥,接种后IC反应器的污泥浓度为12.4gVSS/L。
     2006年8月开始对IC反应器进行启动研究,至2007年2月份结束,历时6个月。启动过程采用间歇式脉冲进水,保持进水浓度稳定变化,通过逐渐增加进水量来提高有机负荷。当IC反应器达到了设计的水质水量时,反应器中形成了颗粒污泥并进入稳定运行期。通过分析IC反应器COD去除率、pH值、VFA、温度随启动进行的变化曲线,以及颗粒污泥的形成过程,CASS反应器运行情况,可以得出如下结论:
     ①、IC反应器作为第三代高效厌氧反应器可以成功用于乳酸废水处理,并取得了较好的处理效果,这对于拓宽IC反应器的应用范围有着积极的意义。
     ②、IC反应器在5.4kgCOD/(m~3·d)的容积负荷下,能够稳定运行,COD的平均去除率为86.6%。反应器中可形成直径为1~5mm的黑色、球形、边缘光滑的颗粒污泥。
     ③、根据反应器中有机物的降解和细胞合成关系,所采用的进料模型是正确的,进料负荷的方案是切实可行的。
     ④、CASS反应器为进一步降低COD并达到排放标准提供了保证,可以较好地防止乳酸废水处理中污泥膨胀地发生。
     ⑤、本研究采用的预处理+IC+CASS工艺对乳酸生产废水中有机物的去除能力稳定,总COD去除率可达到97.2%。实践表明,将该工艺用于处理难降解的乳酸废水是切实可行的,具有一定的推广价值。
The lactic acid wastewater treatment project in Henan Jindan lactic acid Co.Ltd was studied in this paper. The article collected concerned information, and analyzed the souse、the flux and the feature of water of the lactic wastewater. The article also compared lactic wastewater disposal technology with the overseas. Through applying the anaerobic and aerobic technology, determining test plan, carrying out local test analysis. The article has mostly studied the first start-up rule and offered empirical data on the craft of IC +CASS in treating lactic wastewater, so it had the certain reference value.
     Basing on the connection of the organism degradation and cellular composing in the IC, an influent model on organic loads M_n=(1+k)~(n-1)M_1 and space loads N_n=(1+k)~(n-1)N_1 were established. The projects of influent wastewater were also presented. The large percentage of inoculation sludge came from anaerobic dehydration sludge of domestic wastewater treatment plant of Zhengzhou city .At the beginning of the start-up, the sludge concentration of IC were 12.4gVSS/L.
     The start-up of the IC reactor lasted 6 months from August 2006 to February 2007. We explored low strength influent wastewater and maintain the wastewater strength, at the same time we improved the organic loads gradually by increasing the water quantity up to the design capacity. When the IC reactor has reached the design influent strength, a large amount of granular sludge has been cultivated in the IC reactor. All those indicate the IC reactor has been started up successfully.Through analyzing the curves of the removing rate of COD、pH、VFA、temperature,we drew the following conclusions,as well as the granular sludge forming process and the running situation of the CASS reactor:
     ①、The IC reactor has been successfully used in lactic acid wastewater processing as the third generation highly effective anaerobic reactor,and has obtained the better processing effect.It has the positive significance for widening the application scope of theIC reactor.
     ②、The IC reactor can stably run on the condition of 5.4kgCOD/ (m~3·d) space loads. The COD removals can arrtive at 86.6%. A large amount of granular sludge has been cultivated in the IC reactor.
     ③、According the relation between the organism degeneration and the cellular composing in the IC reactor,we established the influent model on organic loads and space loads.And the practice can prove that the method is feasible.
     ④、The CASS reactor provided the guarantee for further reducing COD and achieving the discharging standard.And the reactor can be used to prevent sludge bulge occurrence in the processing of lactic acid wastewater.
     ⑤、In the research we adopted the craft of pretreatment +IC +CASS to treat lactic acid wastewater.The ability of removing organic matter is stable, and the total removeing rate of COD may achieve 97.2%.The practice indicated that the craft of processing lactic wastewater which is difficult to degrade is practical feasible and has the certain promoted value.
引文
[1] 胡纪萃,周孟津,左剑恶等.废水厌氧生物处理理论与技术(第一版)北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003:1~12
    [2] 赵立军,粟毅等.废水厌氧生物处理技术综述与研究进展。环境污染治理技术与设备,2001,2(5):58~66
    [3] 陈坚,卫功元.新型高效废水厌氧生物处理反应器研究进展.无锡轻工大学学报,2001,20(3):323~328
    [4] 贾晓凤.酒精废水综合处理技术及工程启动研究.郑州大学硕士学位论文,2003
    [5] 迟文涛,王凯军.厌氧反应器的发展历程与应用现状.城市管理与科技.2004,6(1):33
    [6] R.E.Speece 著,李亚新译.工业废水的厌氧生物技术.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001:1~2
    [7] 邵希豪,俞俊等.内循环厌氧反应器(IC)探讨.中国沼气.2001,19(1):27~29
    [8] 吴静,陆正禹等.新型高效内循环(IC)厌氧反应器.中国给水排水.2001,17(1).26~29
    [9] M.C.Goronszy. The Cyclic Activated Sludge System for Resort Area Wastewater Treatment [J]. Wat. Sci. Tech., 1995, 32(9): 105~114
    [10] 沈耀良,王宝贞.废水生物处理新技术[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1999.112~113
    [11] M.C.Goronszy. Dynamic Mathematical Modeling of Sequencing Batch Reactors with Aerated and Mixed Filling Period [J]. Water Sci. Tech. ,1997, 35:105~112
    [12] 孙大群,边德军,张文华.循环活性污泥系统(CASS)[J].长春工程学院学报,2001,2(3):15~17
    [13] M.C.Goronszy. Cyclic Technology Reaches New Heights [J]. Water Quality Intern. 1996, 3(4): 18~20
    [14] 沈耀良,王宝贞.循环活性污泥系统(CASS)处理城市废水[J].给水排水,1999,25(11):5~8
    [15] M.C.Goronszy,朱明权,K.Wutscher.循环式活性污泥法(CAST)的应用及其发展[J].中国给水排水,1996,12(6):4~10
    [16] 买文宁,杨明,曾令赋.抗生素废水处理工程的设计与运行[J].给水排水,2002,28(4):42~45
    [17] 高廷东,林王春,申清.UASB—CASS工艺处理脱墨漂白浆废水研究[J].给水排水,2004,30(8):58~60
    [18] Bian Ying. Flexibility in Operating a CASS Diary Wastewater Treatment Plant [J]. Water Enviorn. Fed. Annu. Conf. Expo., 1997, 3(70):339~407
    [19] M.C.Gotonszy. Co-Current Nitrification/Denitrification and Biological P-Removal in Cyclic Activated Sludge System Plants by Redoc Controlled Cycle Operation [J]. Water Sci. Tech., 1997, 35:215~224
    [20] M.C.Goronszy. Full-Scale Cyclic Activated Sludge System Phosphorus Removal [J]. Wat. Sci. Tech. 1992, 26(9): 2253~2256
    [21] 崔小明.乳酸的生产应用及市场前景.四川化工与腐蚀控制,2002,5(2):37~41
    [22] 金其荣,张继明等.有机酸发酵工艺学.北京:轻工业出版社,1989;
    [23] 王凯军、秦人伟等.发酵工业废水处理.北京:化学工业出版社,2000,6;
    [24] 胡小东、胡冠民等.SBR 处理高浓度有机废水试验研究.化工给水设计,1994(4):25~27
    [25] 于军,陆健杰,孙洪涛等.厌氧—好氧工艺治理柠檬酸废水.中国给水排水,2000,16(8):36~38
    [26] 胡纪萃.试论内循环厌氧反应器.中国沼气,1997,12(2):3~5
    [27] Jones A G. Liquid circulation in a draft-tube bubble column. Chem. Engng. Sci. 1985, 40(3): 449~462
    [28] Guo-Qing Li, Shou-Zhi Yang, Zhao-Ling Cai et al. Mass transfer and gas-liquid circulation in an airlift bioreactor with viscous non-Newtonian fluids. The Chemical Engineering Journal, 56 (1995): B101~B107
    [29] 丁丽丽.内循环式厌氧反应器运行特性研究:[硕士学位论文],2000
    [30] 张忠波.IC反应器技术的发展.环境污染与防治,2000,22(33):39~41
    [31] 吴静,陆正禹等.新型高效内循环(IC)厌氧反应器.中国给水排水.2001,17(1):26~29
    [32] 丁丽丽,任洪强等.内循环厌氧反应的运行特性[J].中国给水排水,2002,18(11):46~48
    [33] 胡纪萃等.废水厌氧生物处理理论与技术[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003,186~190
    [34] 丁丽丽.内循环式厌氧反应器运行特性研究[D].北京:2000
    [35] J. H. F. Pereboom. Size distribution model for methanogenic granules from full scale UASB and IC reactors [J]. Wat. Sci. Tech., 1994, 30(12): 211~221
    [36] 王凯军.厌氧内循环反应器(IC)的应用[J].给水排水,1996,22(11):54~56
    [37] 马三剑,吴建华,刘锋等.多级内循环(MIC)厌氧反应器的开发应用[J].中国沼气,2002,20(4):24~27
    [38] 贺延龄.废水处理技术的新进展——IC 反应器在造纸工业上的应用[J].纸和造纸,2001(6):45~48
    [39] W. Driessen, P. Yspeert. Anaerobic treatment of low, medium and high strength effluent in the agro-industry [J]. Wat. Sci. Tech., 1999, 40(8): 221~228
    [40] Habets L H A, Engelaar A J H H, Groeneveld N. Anaerobic treatment of inuline effluent in an internal circulation reactor. Wat. Sci. Tech., 1997, 35(10): 189~197
    [41] Driessen W, Yspeert P. Anaerobic treatment of low, medium and high strength effluent in the agro-industry. Wat. Sci. Tech., 1999, 40(8): 221~228
    [42] J. H. F. Pereboom. Size distribution model for methanogenic granules from full scale UASB and IC reactors. Wat. Sci. Tech., 1994, 30(12): 211~221
    [43] McCarty, P. L. and D. P. Smith. Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment[J]. Environmental Sci & Technology, 1986, 20(12): 1200~1206
    [44] 胡纪萃,周孟津.废水厌氧生物处理理论与技术.中国建筑工业出版社.
    [45] 孙振世,陈英旭,杨晔.UASB 的启动及其影响因素.中国沼气 2000,18(2):17~19
    [46] 周律.厌氧生物反应器的启动及其影响因素.工业水处理1996,16(5):1~3
    [47] 胡纪萃,周孟津,左剑恶等.废水厌氧生物处理理论与技术(第一版)北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003.186~187
    [48] 周律.厌氧生物反应器的启动及其影响因素.工业水处理,1996,16(5):1~3
    [49] Souza M E . Criteria for the utilization design and operation of UASB reactors Wat. Set. Technol . 1998,18(12):55
    [50] 贺延龄.废水的厌氧生物处理.北京:中国轻工业出版社,2001,137
    [51] Koster l W etal. Application of the UASB process for treatment of complex wastewater at low temperatures [J]. Biotechnol Bioeng, 1985,27(10): 1411
    [52] 李国平,张国政.用 UASB 反应器处理高浓度人粪分离液的低温启动研 究.中国沼气,1997,15(1):10
    [53] 陆正禹等.UASB 处理链霉素废水颗粒污泥培养技术探索.中国沼气,1997,15(3):11
    [54] 贺延龄.废水的厌氧生物处理.北京:中国轻工业出版社,2001,138
    [55] J. E. Schmidt, etc. Granular Sludge Formation in Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Reactors [J]. Biotech. and Bioeng, 1996, 49:229~246
    [56] C. Y. Lin and T. Noike etc .Temperature Characteristics of the Methanogenesis Process in Anaerobic Digestion [J]. Water Sci. & Technology, 1987(19): 299
    [57] J. B. Van Lier, J. L. S. Martin, G. Lettinga. Effect of Temperature on the Anaerobic Thermophilic Conversion of Volatile Fatty Acids by Dispersed and Granular Sludge [J]. Water Res. 1996, 30(1): 199~207
    [58] S. Nachaiyasit, D. C. Stuckey. Effect of Low Temperature on the Performance of an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) [J]. Chem. Tech. Biotech. 1997, 69: 276~284
    [59] J.J.C. Grotenhuis, etc. Role of substrate concentration in particle site distribution of methanogenic granular sludge [J]. Wat. Res., 1991, 25(10): 21~33
    [60] A. R. M. Last van der and G. Lettinga. Anaerobic Treatment of Domestic Sewage under Moderate Climatic (Dutch) Conditions Using Upflow Reactors at Increased Superficial Velocities [J]. Wat. Sci. Tech. ,1992, 25(7): 167~178
    [61] 买文宁.厌氧复合床处理抗生素废水的生产性启动研究.环境科学研究,2002,15(4),40~42
    [62] 王林山,吴允等.生产性IC反应器处理啤酒废水启动研究.环境导报,1998,(4):22~24
    [63] 于军.内循环上流式厌氧污泥床启动研究.环境工程,2000,18(4):16~18
    [64] 贺延龄.废水的厌氧生物处理.北京:中国轻工业出版社,2001,47~48
    [65] 沈萍.微生物学.北京:高等教育出版社,2000
    [66] 岑沛霖,蔡谨.工业微生物学.北京:化学工业出版社,2000
    [67] 吴唯民.厌氧升流式污泥层(UASB)反应器的设计及启动运行要点.水处理技术,1986,12(3):177~182
    [68] 贺延龄.废水的厌氧生物处理.北京:中国轻工业出版社,2001,47~48
    [69] 随军,王宝贞.污水厌氧消化体系中的PH及其测定.中国给水排水,1994,10(6):9~12
    [70] 于军,内循环上流式厌氧污泥床启动研究.环境工程,2000,18(4):16~18
    [71] 温燕,高小红等.UASB+CASS 工艺处理乳制品综合废水[J].新疆环境保护,2006,28(1):21~24.
    [72] 田立江,姚志彬等.SBR工艺与CASS工艺的比较[J].江苏环境科技,2003,16(2):14~17

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700