无公害粘虫胶在害虫综合治理中的应用技术研究
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摘要
粘虫胶诱杀作为害虫综合治理的措施之一,对小型昆虫的控制诱集作用越来越受到重视。粘虫胶诱杀是一种无公害,易操作的物理防治方法,是生产无公害蔬菜果品的有效途径之一。它在林木、果树、温室中等都起了积极的作用。粘虫胶诱杀技术对于小型昆虫如蚜虫、粉虱、叶蝉、斑潜蝇、蓟马等有着良好的效果。对林木果树上一些爬行昆虫也起了很好的作用。
本研究针对粘虫胶的诱杀技术做了深入和详细的研究。以期在农林中合理的、有效的应用提供参考。
本研究对温室白粉虱、葡萄斑叶蝉、松毛虫(油松毛虫、落叶松毛虫)做了详细的研究。结果表明:
1对温室番茄中的温室白粉虱黄板诱杀技术进行了试验,分别对粘虫板的颜色、方向、高度做了筛选。结果表明:温室白粉虱对所选十种颜色,中黄色趋性最强。粘虫板悬挂高度20cm最佳,粘虫板面朝不同方向挂置诱虫量无明显差异,温室(靠后墙)北面诱虫量最高。
2对葡萄园内的葡萄斑叶蝉成虫黄板诱杀技术进行了试验,并对不同黄板的诱杀效果做了比较。结果表明:冀林黄板每天每板平均诱虫量为48.5头,效果明显优于其它两种黄板,市售黄板和自制黄板的诱杀效果。北向黄板诱虫量与南向诱虫量有显著性差异。黄板悬挂高度10cm为宜。密度30～40块/hm~2,即可达到控制葡萄斑叶蝉危害的目的。
3用粘虫胶涂干法,毒纸绳阻隔法,胶带阻隔法对松毛虫进行防治试验。结果表明,应用粘虫胶涂干法防治松毛虫效果最好,其虫口减退率可达94%,粘性持续时间可达120d,而毒纸绳阻隔法与胶带阻隔法的虫口减退率分别为82%,48%左右。在赤城县用粘虫胶涂干法防治松毛虫的最佳时期在4月上旬(与当地积温有关),即松毛虫开始上树前。
Sticky Insect Glue as one of the measures for Integrated Pest Management(IPM), become more and more important in trapping and killing small insects nowadays.Sticky Insect Glue is a non-pollution,testability and physical control method.It is one of effective approach for producing non-pollution vegetable and fruit.It all has an aggressive function in the wood,fruit tree,glasshouse,etc.Sticky traps for trapping and killing to have good result to the small insects,such as aphids,whitefly,Leafhopper, vegetable leaf miner,thrips,etc.And also have a good function for the some crawl insect in wood fruit tree.An in-depth and detailed study of the technology on sticky traps for Trapping and Killing in this paper.In order to provide a reference in the agriculture and forestry.
This paper research on Greenhouse Whitefly,Grape Leafhopper,Pine Caterpillar in detail.The result showed that:
1 The field trapping technology used for controlling Greenhouse Whitefly by yellow sticky traps in the tomato glasshouse was developed in this paper.The trap efficient of different kinds of color sticky traps,different directions and height the traps hanged were tested.The result showed that:the secondary yellow is best in the all kinds of color.For the height,yellow sticky traps placed at 20 cm high Trapping the most Greenhouse Whitefly.The number of the Greenhouse Whitefly trapped between different orientation has no different significant.The numbers of the Greenhouse Whitefly is the most In the northern in the glasshouse(Depend the back of the wall).
2 The field trapping technology used for controlling Grape Leafhopper Adults(GLA) (Erythroneura apicalis Nawa)by yellow sticky traps in the grapery was developed in this paper,the trap efficient of different kinds of yellow sticky traps was tested.The result showed that:about 48.5 GLA per template were trapped a day on average by Ji-Lin brand yellow sticky traps,significantly higher than the other two kinds of yellow sticky traps: The city sell yellow sticky traps and self-made yellow sticky traps.The numbers of the GLA trapped between the yellow sticky traps hanged in northern side's and south side's were significant different.For the height,yellow sticky traps placed at 10 cm higher than the grape leaves caught the most GLA.For density of the traps,it is suggested that 30～40 traps/per 667 square meter is enough to control GLA.
3 Use the sticky Insect Glue daub the tree,poisonous rope and adhesive tape obstruct the pine caterpillar,The result showed that:Use the sticky Insect Glue daub the tree is the best effect.It's decrease rate can reached 94%.The stickiness duration more than 120 days,poisonous rope and adhesive tape obstruct reached 82%,48%.The best date Killing pine caterpillars is the first ten days of a month at April for Use the Insect Glue daub the tree At Chi Cheng county(correlative with local accumulated temperature at). Here is before pine caterpillars go to the tree.
本研究针对粘虫胶的诱杀技术做了深入和详细的研究。以期在农林中合理的、有效的应用提供参考。
本研究对温室白粉虱、葡萄斑叶蝉、松毛虫(油松毛虫、落叶松毛虫)做了详细的研究。结果表明:
1对温室番茄中的温室白粉虱黄板诱杀技术进行了试验,分别对粘虫板的颜色、方向、高度做了筛选。结果表明:温室白粉虱对所选十种颜色,中黄色趋性最强。粘虫板悬挂高度20cm最佳,粘虫板面朝不同方向挂置诱虫量无明显差异,温室(靠后墙)北面诱虫量最高。
2对葡萄园内的葡萄斑叶蝉成虫黄板诱杀技术进行了试验,并对不同黄板的诱杀效果做了比较。结果表明:冀林黄板每天每板平均诱虫量为48.5头,效果明显优于其它两种黄板,市售黄板和自制黄板的诱杀效果。北向黄板诱虫量与南向诱虫量有显著性差异。黄板悬挂高度10cm为宜。密度30～40块/hm~2,即可达到控制葡萄斑叶蝉危害的目的。
3用粘虫胶涂干法,毒纸绳阻隔法,胶带阻隔法对松毛虫进行防治试验。结果表明,应用粘虫胶涂干法防治松毛虫效果最好,其虫口减退率可达94%,粘性持续时间可达120d,而毒纸绳阻隔法与胶带阻隔法的虫口减退率分别为82%,48%左右。在赤城县用粘虫胶涂干法防治松毛虫的最佳时期在4月上旬(与当地积温有关),即松毛虫开始上树前。
Sticky Insect Glue as one of the measures for Integrated Pest Management(IPM), become more and more important in trapping and killing small insects nowadays.Sticky Insect Glue is a non-pollution,testability and physical control method.It is one of effective approach for producing non-pollution vegetable and fruit.It all has an aggressive function in the wood,fruit tree,glasshouse,etc.Sticky traps for trapping and killing to have good result to the small insects,such as aphids,whitefly,Leafhopper, vegetable leaf miner,thrips,etc.And also have a good function for the some crawl insect in wood fruit tree.An in-depth and detailed study of the technology on sticky traps for Trapping and Killing in this paper.In order to provide a reference in the agriculture and forestry.
This paper research on Greenhouse Whitefly,Grape Leafhopper,Pine Caterpillar in detail.The result showed that:
1 The field trapping technology used for controlling Greenhouse Whitefly by yellow sticky traps in the tomato glasshouse was developed in this paper.The trap efficient of different kinds of color sticky traps,different directions and height the traps hanged were tested.The result showed that:the secondary yellow is best in the all kinds of color.For the height,yellow sticky traps placed at 20 cm high Trapping the most Greenhouse Whitefly.The number of the Greenhouse Whitefly trapped between different orientation has no different significant.The numbers of the Greenhouse Whitefly is the most In the northern in the glasshouse(Depend the back of the wall).
2 The field trapping technology used for controlling Grape Leafhopper Adults(GLA) (Erythroneura apicalis Nawa)by yellow sticky traps in the grapery was developed in this paper,the trap efficient of different kinds of yellow sticky traps was tested.The result showed that:about 48.5 GLA per template were trapped a day on average by Ji-Lin brand yellow sticky traps,significantly higher than the other two kinds of yellow sticky traps: The city sell yellow sticky traps and self-made yellow sticky traps.The numbers of the GLA trapped between the yellow sticky traps hanged in northern side's and south side's were significant different.For the height,yellow sticky traps placed at 10 cm higher than the grape leaves caught the most GLA.For density of the traps,it is suggested that 30～40 traps/per 667 square meter is enough to control GLA.
3 Use the sticky Insect Glue daub the tree,poisonous rope and adhesive tape obstruct the pine caterpillar,The result showed that:Use the sticky Insect Glue daub the tree is the best effect.It's decrease rate can reached 94%.The stickiness duration more than 120 days,poisonous rope and adhesive tape obstruct reached 82%,48%.The best date Killing pine caterpillars is the first ten days of a month at April for Use the Insect Glue daub the tree At Chi Cheng county(correlative with local accumulated temperature at). Here is before pine caterpillars go to the tree.
引文
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