转基因抗虫棉新品种“湘Q171”的选育及其抗虫特性研究
摘要
以抗虫基因工程为主的转基因技术为棉花育种带来了革命性的突破。以孟山都“保铃棉”为代表的转基因抗虫棉在我国的推广应用,取得了良好的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益。
转基因抗虫棉大范围应用的成功与将抗虫性状转入地方优良品种的实践密不可分。本研究通过以转基因抗虫棉Gk19-10为父本与优良棉种湘棉16作母本杂交,进行了抗虫性状向湖南省地方优良棉花品种的杂交结合。配组杂种F_1代进行了湖南省区域试验。从中选出湘Q171,其丰产性得到了有效保持,纤维品质优良,并已通过了省级审定;同时田间监测和抗虫性实验表现出了杂交棉具有较强的抗虫性。通过实验室的分子检测,外源基因表达达到了较高水平,而且在F_2代中出现分离,表明基因在F_1中的稳定存在。研究主要结果如下:
1.通过抗虫棉花与湖南优良棉花的杂交,选育出了湘Q171优良抗虫棉组合。
2.湘Q171参加了2007-2008年的湖南省区试,其产量比对照(湘杂棉8号)增产7.44%,纤维品质的纺纱均匀性指数为144～162,成为具有较高品质的抗虫棉新组合。
3.对湘Q171的F_1和F_2代作田间硫酸卡那霉素的检测:F_2代的分离符合孟德尔的遗传规律。
4.通过对转基因抗虫棉湘Q171的F_2代的单株基因检测分析,高表达量的单株,结合其丰产性状,可定株选择出稳定的转基因抗虫育种材料。湘Q171的F_1代与F_2代相比较,杂种F_1代在产量上有明显优势,表现为数量性状遗传;杂种F_2代在纤维品质和抗虫转基因表达方面优势明显,表现为质量性状遗传。
Transgenic based insect resistance genetic engineering in cotton(Gossypium spp.) have brought revolutionary breakthrough to cotton breeding.The propagation and application of transgenic cotton "Bollgard" by Monsato have attained marvelous economic benefit,social benefit and environmental benefit in our country and the world. Actually,the successful application of transgenic insect resistance cotton is much more depend on the achieved breeding practice of integrating the insect resistance traits into excellent local varieties.
In this study the insect resistance cotton,transgenic Gk19-10,was used as male parent and hybrid with an excellent cotton variety Xiangmian 16 of Hunan.The selective hybridization F1 stains have made regional test in Hunan province.The high yield property and fiber quality have confirmed in Xiang Q171 and have passed provincial assessment.Field monitoring and pest-resistant experiments have showed that hybrid cotton possess stronger pest-resistant ability.The molecular analyses have proved that Bt gene expression have reached high level and separation appeared in hybridization group F2,which demonstrated that gene is stably existed in F1 genome.
The main results of the paper are as follows:
1.An excellent strain of "Xiang Q171"is selected after hybridization of transgenic Bollgard with local variety of Hunan cotton.
2.Xiang Q171 have participated 2007-2008 regional test in Hunan province.Its quantity of output increase by 7.44%with the yarn evenness index of fiber quality is 144～162.The new breeding is a new transgenic insect-resistance cotton strain with higher quality.
3.Karamycin test with Xiang Q171 F_1 and F_2 in the field showed that the transgenic gene in F2 generation conformed to Mendelian inheritance.
4.Molecular analysis of Xiang Q17_1 F_2 individuals showed that the transgenic gene that is highly expressed and its higher yield traits can refer to breed stable transgenic insect resistance cotton.Compared with Xiang Q171 F_1 and F_2 population that the yield trait of hybrid strain F_1 have obvious advantage,assuming inheritance of quantitative character;Its selling F_2 population showing obvious advantage in fiber quality and insect resistance,assuming inheritance of qualitative character.
转基因抗虫棉大范围应用的成功与将抗虫性状转入地方优良品种的实践密不可分。本研究通过以转基因抗虫棉Gk19-10为父本与优良棉种湘棉16作母本杂交,进行了抗虫性状向湖南省地方优良棉花品种的杂交结合。配组杂种F_1代进行了湖南省区域试验。从中选出湘Q171,其丰产性得到了有效保持,纤维品质优良,并已通过了省级审定;同时田间监测和抗虫性实验表现出了杂交棉具有较强的抗虫性。通过实验室的分子检测,外源基因表达达到了较高水平,而且在F_2代中出现分离,表明基因在F_1中的稳定存在。研究主要结果如下:
1.通过抗虫棉花与湖南优良棉花的杂交,选育出了湘Q171优良抗虫棉组合。
2.湘Q171参加了2007-2008年的湖南省区试,其产量比对照(湘杂棉8号)增产7.44%,纤维品质的纺纱均匀性指数为144～162,成为具有较高品质的抗虫棉新组合。
3.对湘Q171的F_1和F_2代作田间硫酸卡那霉素的检测:F_2代的分离符合孟德尔的遗传规律。
4.通过对转基因抗虫棉湘Q171的F_2代的单株基因检测分析,高表达量的单株,结合其丰产性状,可定株选择出稳定的转基因抗虫育种材料。湘Q171的F_1代与F_2代相比较,杂种F_1代在产量上有明显优势,表现为数量性状遗传;杂种F_2代在纤维品质和抗虫转基因表达方面优势明显,表现为质量性状遗传。
Transgenic based insect resistance genetic engineering in cotton(Gossypium spp.) have brought revolutionary breakthrough to cotton breeding.The propagation and application of transgenic cotton "Bollgard" by Monsato have attained marvelous economic benefit,social benefit and environmental benefit in our country and the world. Actually,the successful application of transgenic insect resistance cotton is much more depend on the achieved breeding practice of integrating the insect resistance traits into excellent local varieties.
In this study the insect resistance cotton,transgenic Gk19-10,was used as male parent and hybrid with an excellent cotton variety Xiangmian 16 of Hunan.The selective hybridization F1 stains have made regional test in Hunan province.The high yield property and fiber quality have confirmed in Xiang Q171 and have passed provincial assessment.Field monitoring and pest-resistant experiments have showed that hybrid cotton possess stronger pest-resistant ability.The molecular analyses have proved that Bt gene expression have reached high level and separation appeared in hybridization group F2,which demonstrated that gene is stably existed in F1 genome.
The main results of the paper are as follows:
1.An excellent strain of "Xiang Q171"is selected after hybridization of transgenic Bollgard with local variety of Hunan cotton.
2.Xiang Q171 have participated 2007-2008 regional test in Hunan province.Its quantity of output increase by 7.44%with the yarn evenness index of fiber quality is 144～162.The new breeding is a new transgenic insect-resistance cotton strain with higher quality.
3.Karamycin test with Xiang Q171 F_1 and F_2 in the field showed that the transgenic gene in F2 generation conformed to Mendelian inheritance.
4.Molecular analysis of Xiang Q17_1 F_2 individuals showed that the transgenic gene that is highly expressed and its higher yield traits can refer to breed stable transgenic insect resistance cotton.Compared with Xiang Q171 F_1 and F_2 population that the yield trait of hybrid strain F_1 have obvious advantage,assuming inheritance of quantitative character;Its selling F_2 population showing obvious advantage in fiber quality and insect resistance,assuming inheritance of qualitative character.
引文
[1]杨芳荃.杂交棉及其推广应用前景[J].湖南农业科学,2004,(4):6-8.
[2]潘家驹.棉花育种学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998.
[3]刘毓湘.主编.当代世界棉业[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995.
[4]王淑民,鄂芳敏.近20年世界棉花重大科技进展概述[J].中国棉花,2001,28(6):2-8.
[5]宋晓轩,王淑民.近20年我国棉花生产主栽品种概况及其评价[J].棉花学报,2001,13(5):315-320.
[6]田笑明,李保成.新疆棉区棉花育种现状及发展方向[J].中国棉花,2001,28(5):2-4.
[7]曹新川,于军.海岛棉不同品种结铃分布的遗传研究[J].塔里木农垦大学学报.2000,12(3):30-32.
[8]孙济中.全国高等农业院校教材作物育种论[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1996.
[9]夏敬源.实行棉花品质区划种植势在必行[J].中国棉花,2001,28(5):31-36.
[10]喻树迅,范术丽.我国棉花遗传育种进展与展望[J].棉花学报,2003,15(2):120-124.
[11]王坤波.世纪之交我国棉花品种改良的科技发展[J].棉花学报,1997,9(6):281-286.
[12]鄂芳敏.中国棉花育种50年[J].中国棉花,2000,27(9):7-9.
[13]张献龙,孙济中.棉花生物技术研究概况Ⅱ棉花分子生物学研究[J].武汉植物学研究,1999,17(4):362-370.
[14]解志红,孙毅,吴日恒等.棉花分子标记研究现状与展望[J].中国棉花,2002,25(9):5-8.
[15]王芙蓉,张军,刘勤红等.我国棉花种质创新与展望[J].棉花学报,2001,13(1):50-53.
[16]王淑民.世界棉花育种科技水平进展与发展对策[J].棉花学报,1996,8(1):1-9.
[17]Donald L.Auger,Anjali Dogra Gray,Thomas S.Ream,Akio Kato,Edward H.Coe,Jr.and James A.Birchler.Nonadditive gene expression in diploid and triploid hybrids of maize.Genetics,2005,169(1):389-397.
[18 Plant Sciences,2002,Volumel Numbers:593-595.
[19]Turner D LTsaftaris S A,Mechanisms of heterosis in crop Plants.J Crop Prod,1998,1:95-111.]Kime U Q.Tilley A S Study of heterosis in fiber quality traits of upland cotton.Asian Journal of
[20]Meredith W R.Quantitative geneties in cotton.Edited by Kohel R J,Agron Mongr,1984,24:131-150.
[21]王国印,李蒙恩.陆地棉主要经济性状杂种优势表现及其规律研究[J].河北农业科学,1993(3):3-6.
[22]孙济中,刘金兰,张金发.棉花杂种优势的研究和利用[J].棉花学报,1994,6(3):135-139.
[23]朱乾浩,俞碧霞.陆地棉品种间杂种优势利用研究进展[J].棉花学报,1995,7(1):811.
[24]吴征彬,张金发,冯纯大等.棉花抗虫新杂交材料研究[J].华中农业大学学 报,1999,18(4):307-310.
[25]靖深蓉,邢朝柱,刘少林.抗虫杂交棉选育及利用研究[J].中国棉花,1997,24(7):15-17.
[26]邢朝柱,赵云雷,喻树迅等.中棉所47及其亲本苗期根和叶基因差异表达研究[J].中国农业科学,2005,38(6):1275-1281.
[27]王武,聂以春,张献龙.转基因抗虫组合在棉花杂种优势利中增产原因剖析[J].华中农业大学学报,2002,21(5):419-424.
[28]Bhardawj H L,Wealer J R.combining ability analysis in cotton for agronomic characters,fruiting efficiency,Photosynthesis and ballworm resistance.JAgric Sci,1986,103:511-518.
[29]郭海军.杂交棉高产抗逆机理研究初报[J].中国棉花,1994,21(7):11-12.
[30]邓仲旎,孙济中,张金发等.杂交棉及其亲本光合特性研究[J].华中农业大学学报,1995,14(5)429-434.
[31]游俊,刘金兰,孙济中.陆地棉品种与陆地棉族系种质系间生理生化性状的杂种优势[J].棉花学报,1998,10(1):14-19.
[32]Wells R Meredith W R J r.Heterosis in upland cotton.Ⅱ.Relationship of leaf area to Plant Photosynthesis.Corp Science.1988,28:522-525.
[33]吴小月.棉花杂种优势预测的初步研究[J].湖南农学院学报,1980,(1):55-63.
[34]Jing Dong,Feibo Wu,Zhuqun Jin,Yiqing Huang.Heterosis for yield and some Physiological traits in hybrid cotton Cikangza 1.Euphytica,2006,151:71-77.
[35]Chaudhry M R.Commereial cotton hybrids.The Int Cotton Advisory Committee Recorder,1997,ⅩⅤ(2):3-14.
[36]Zhang T Z,Pan J J.Hybrid seed production in cotton.Heterosis and Hybrid Seed Production in Agronomic Crops.NewYork:Food Produetion Press,1999.149-184.
[37]施尚泽.四川棉花核不育杂种利用研究进展与前景[J].中国棉花,1994,21(3):2-4.
[38]袁钧,潘转霞,李成奇等.晋A棉花质核不育系的特色与优势[J].中国棉花,1999,26(9):6-8.
[39]邢朝柱,靖深蓉,郭立平等.杂交制种方法最新进展[J].农村经济与科技,1998,3:22.
[40]曹美莲,李朋波,刘惠民,等.转Bt基因棉抗棉铃虫鉴定技术及抗性表达方法研究[J].棉花学报,2000,12(2):87-90.
[2]潘家驹.棉花育种学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998.
[3]刘毓湘.主编.当代世界棉业[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995.
[4]王淑民,鄂芳敏.近20年世界棉花重大科技进展概述[J].中国棉花,2001,28(6):2-8.
[5]宋晓轩,王淑民.近20年我国棉花生产主栽品种概况及其评价[J].棉花学报,2001,13(5):315-320.
[6]田笑明,李保成.新疆棉区棉花育种现状及发展方向[J].中国棉花,2001,28(5):2-4.
[7]曹新川,于军.海岛棉不同品种结铃分布的遗传研究[J].塔里木农垦大学学报.2000,12(3):30-32.
[8]孙济中.全国高等农业院校教材作物育种论[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1996.
[9]夏敬源.实行棉花品质区划种植势在必行[J].中国棉花,2001,28(5):31-36.
[10]喻树迅,范术丽.我国棉花遗传育种进展与展望[J].棉花学报,2003,15(2):120-124.
[11]王坤波.世纪之交我国棉花品种改良的科技发展[J].棉花学报,1997,9(6):281-286.
[12]鄂芳敏.中国棉花育种50年[J].中国棉花,2000,27(9):7-9.
[13]张献龙,孙济中.棉花生物技术研究概况Ⅱ棉花分子生物学研究[J].武汉植物学研究,1999,17(4):362-370.
[14]解志红,孙毅,吴日恒等.棉花分子标记研究现状与展望[J].中国棉花,2002,25(9):5-8.
[15]王芙蓉,张军,刘勤红等.我国棉花种质创新与展望[J].棉花学报,2001,13(1):50-53.
[16]王淑民.世界棉花育种科技水平进展与发展对策[J].棉花学报,1996,8(1):1-9.
[17]Donald L.Auger,Anjali Dogra Gray,Thomas S.Ream,Akio Kato,Edward H.Coe,Jr.and James A.Birchler.Nonadditive gene expression in diploid and triploid hybrids of maize.Genetics,2005,169(1):389-397.
[18 Plant Sciences,2002,Volumel Numbers:593-595.
[19]Turner D LTsaftaris S A,Mechanisms of heterosis in crop Plants.J Crop Prod,1998,1:95-111.]Kime U Q.Tilley A S Study of heterosis in fiber quality traits of upland cotton.Asian Journal of
[20]Meredith W R.Quantitative geneties in cotton.Edited by Kohel R J,Agron Mongr,1984,24:131-150.
[21]王国印,李蒙恩.陆地棉主要经济性状杂种优势表现及其规律研究[J].河北农业科学,1993(3):3-6.
[22]孙济中,刘金兰,张金发.棉花杂种优势的研究和利用[J].棉花学报,1994,6(3):135-139.
[23]朱乾浩,俞碧霞.陆地棉品种间杂种优势利用研究进展[J].棉花学报,1995,7(1):811.
[24]吴征彬,张金发,冯纯大等.棉花抗虫新杂交材料研究[J].华中农业大学学 报,1999,18(4):307-310.
[25]靖深蓉,邢朝柱,刘少林.抗虫杂交棉选育及利用研究[J].中国棉花,1997,24(7):15-17.
[26]邢朝柱,赵云雷,喻树迅等.中棉所47及其亲本苗期根和叶基因差异表达研究[J].中国农业科学,2005,38(6):1275-1281.
[27]王武,聂以春,张献龙.转基因抗虫组合在棉花杂种优势利中增产原因剖析[J].华中农业大学学报,2002,21(5):419-424.
[28]Bhardawj H L,Wealer J R.combining ability analysis in cotton for agronomic characters,fruiting efficiency,Photosynthesis and ballworm resistance.JAgric Sci,1986,103:511-518.
[29]郭海军.杂交棉高产抗逆机理研究初报[J].中国棉花,1994,21(7):11-12.
[30]邓仲旎,孙济中,张金发等.杂交棉及其亲本光合特性研究[J].华中农业大学学报,1995,14(5)429-434.
[31]游俊,刘金兰,孙济中.陆地棉品种与陆地棉族系种质系间生理生化性状的杂种优势[J].棉花学报,1998,10(1):14-19.
[32]Wells R Meredith W R J r.Heterosis in upland cotton.Ⅱ.Relationship of leaf area to Plant Photosynthesis.Corp Science.1988,28:522-525.
[33]吴小月.棉花杂种优势预测的初步研究[J].湖南农学院学报,1980,(1):55-63.
[34]Jing Dong,Feibo Wu,Zhuqun Jin,Yiqing Huang.Heterosis for yield and some Physiological traits in hybrid cotton Cikangza 1.Euphytica,2006,151:71-77.
[35]Chaudhry M R.Commereial cotton hybrids.The Int Cotton Advisory Committee Recorder,1997,ⅩⅤ(2):3-14.
[36]Zhang T Z,Pan J J.Hybrid seed production in cotton.Heterosis and Hybrid Seed Production in Agronomic Crops.NewYork:Food Produetion Press,1999.149-184.
[37]施尚泽.四川棉花核不育杂种利用研究进展与前景[J].中国棉花,1994,21(3):2-4.
[38]袁钧,潘转霞,李成奇等.晋A棉花质核不育系的特色与优势[J].中国棉花,1999,26(9):6-8.
[39]邢朝柱,靖深蓉,郭立平等.杂交制种方法最新进展[J].农村经济与科技,1998,3:22.
[40]曹美莲,李朋波,刘惠民,等.转Bt基因棉抗棉铃虫鉴定技术及抗性表达方法研究[J].棉花学报,2000,12(2):87-90.