物联网在铁路安全监控领域应用研究
摘要
随着高速铁路的跨越式发展,铁路安全运输问题也日益突出。由于铁路客运量大,行车速度快,一旦发生事故,将会造成严重后果。因此建立实时、可靠、准确的铁路安全监控系统,提高铁路运营的安全监控水平具有重要意义。物联网具有全面感知、可靠传输、智能计算的特点,将物联网应用在铁路安全监控领域,可满足海量铁路监测信息的智能监控需求,极大提高铁路安全监控与预警的效率。
文本介绍了物联网的相关理论及铁路安全监控体系的内容,分析了物联网应用在铁路安全监控领域的关键技术。在此基础上提出了物联网在铁路安全监控领域的应用模型,并从模型构建可行性、功能结构和层次结构三方面对模型进行了阐述,实现铁路安全信息的智能监控。为了更好的分析该物联网应用模型,文本依照模型结构,对信息感知,信息传输,信息处理三个环节的物联网关键技术在铁路安全监控领域的应用做了进一步分析,并总结分析了实际应用中面临的挑战和对策,也间接丰富了应用模型的设计。
本文主要价值在于将物联网相关技术应用在铁路安全监控领域,提出了铁路安全监控物联网模型。模型从功能上分为安全监控、综合安全管理两大系统,从层次架构上分为感知层、网络层、应用层。并通过对物联网相关技术在监测信息感知、传输、处理环节的应用研究,使铁路综合安全监控更加智能与可靠,也为物联网的应用模式做出理论贡献。
With the leapfrog development of high-speed railway, the safety issue of railway transportation is more and more apparent. Because of great passenger capacity and high speed, once the accident occurs, it will lead to serious consequences. Therefore, there is important meaning to improve the railway safety monitoring level by building a real-time, reliable, accurate railway safety monitoring system. Internet of Things (IOT) has the characteristic of overall sensing, reliable transmission and intelligent computing. Will the IOT application in the field of railway safety monitoring, the requirements of intelligent monitoring to mass information can be satisfied and the efficiency of railway safety monitoring and warning can greatly improve.
The paper introduces content related to the system of the railway safety monitoring and theory of the Internet of Things, and analyzes the key technologies of IOT in the field of railway safety monitoring. On this basis, the paper builds an application model of IOT in the field of safety monitoring for railway, and describes the model in detail from feasibility of constructing, functional structure and layer structure, to achieve intelligent monitoring for railway safety. In order to analyze the application model of IOT better, according to model, the paper makes a further analysis to the application on information sensing, information transmission, information processing of IOT technology in the field of railway safety monitoring. Finally, this paper summarizes and analyzes the challenges and countermeasures of the model application, indirectly enrich the design of the model as well.
The main value of this paper is that it applies technologies of IOT in the field of railway safety monitoring, and builds the IOT application model of railway safety monitoring. From functional architecture, the model is divided into security supervisory and control and security management. From the layer architecture, the model is divided into perception layer, network layer and application layer. What's more, by researching on IOT technology in information sensing, information transmission and information processing, to make the railway safety monitoring more intelligent and reliable and make contributions to the application model of IOT as well.
文本介绍了物联网的相关理论及铁路安全监控体系的内容,分析了物联网应用在铁路安全监控领域的关键技术。在此基础上提出了物联网在铁路安全监控领域的应用模型,并从模型构建可行性、功能结构和层次结构三方面对模型进行了阐述,实现铁路安全信息的智能监控。为了更好的分析该物联网应用模型,文本依照模型结构,对信息感知,信息传输,信息处理三个环节的物联网关键技术在铁路安全监控领域的应用做了进一步分析,并总结分析了实际应用中面临的挑战和对策,也间接丰富了应用模型的设计。
本文主要价值在于将物联网相关技术应用在铁路安全监控领域,提出了铁路安全监控物联网模型。模型从功能上分为安全监控、综合安全管理两大系统,从层次架构上分为感知层、网络层、应用层。并通过对物联网相关技术在监测信息感知、传输、处理环节的应用研究,使铁路综合安全监控更加智能与可靠,也为物联网的应用模式做出理论贡献。
With the leapfrog development of high-speed railway, the safety issue of railway transportation is more and more apparent. Because of great passenger capacity and high speed, once the accident occurs, it will lead to serious consequences. Therefore, there is important meaning to improve the railway safety monitoring level by building a real-time, reliable, accurate railway safety monitoring system. Internet of Things (IOT) has the characteristic of overall sensing, reliable transmission and intelligent computing. Will the IOT application in the field of railway safety monitoring, the requirements of intelligent monitoring to mass information can be satisfied and the efficiency of railway safety monitoring and warning can greatly improve.
The paper introduces content related to the system of the railway safety monitoring and theory of the Internet of Things, and analyzes the key technologies of IOT in the field of railway safety monitoring. On this basis, the paper builds an application model of IOT in the field of safety monitoring for railway, and describes the model in detail from feasibility of constructing, functional structure and layer structure, to achieve intelligent monitoring for railway safety. In order to analyze the application model of IOT better, according to model, the paper makes a further analysis to the application on information sensing, information transmission, information processing of IOT technology in the field of railway safety monitoring. Finally, this paper summarizes and analyzes the challenges and countermeasures of the model application, indirectly enrich the design of the model as well.
The main value of this paper is that it applies technologies of IOT in the field of railway safety monitoring, and builds the IOT application model of railway safety monitoring. From functional architecture, the model is divided into security supervisory and control and security management. From the layer architecture, the model is divided into perception layer, network layer and application layer. What's more, by researching on IOT technology in information sensing, information transmission and information processing, to make the railway safety monitoring more intelligent and reliable and make contributions to the application model of IOT as well.
引文
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[15]孙根强,王可心,刘娟,张日芳ZigBee无线传感网络在客车安全监测系统中的应用[J].黑龙江科技信息.2010.(7)9
[16]宋志强,刘统玉,王昌,王纪强,李晓庆.光纤传感技术在铁路中的应用[J].中国铁路.2010.(6).67
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[21]叶安君.智能视频监控系统在客运专线上的应用[J].铁道通信信号.2007.43(8).33
[22]董宏辉,葛大伟,秦勇,贾利民.基于智能视频分析的铁路入侵检测技术研究[J].中国铁道科学.2010.31(2).
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[25]王良民,熊书明.物联网工程概论[M].北京：清华大学出版社.2011.12
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[28]彭扬,蒋长兵.物联网技术与应用基础[M].北京：中国物资出版社.2011.
[29]Welbourne E, Battle L, Cole G, et al. Building the Internet of Things using RFID [J]. IEEE Internet Computing,2009,13(3):48-55.
[30]KRYLOV V, LOGV INOV A, PONOMAREV D. EPC Object Code Mapping Service Software Architecture:W b Approach [M]. Ontario:MERA Networks Publications,2008.
[31]SR IVASTAVA L. Pervasive, ambient, ubiquitous:the magic of radio[C].European Commission Conference. "From RFID to the Internet of Things". Bruxelles, Belgium, March 2006.
[32]FLOERKEME IER C, BHATTACHARYYA R, SARMA S. Beyond RFID[C].Proceedings of TIWDC 2009. Pula, Italy. September,2009.
[33]佚名.谈谈RFID技术及应用和发展趋势.金卡工程.2007
[34]Akyildiz IF, Su W, Sankar-asubramani-amY, etal. Wireless sensor networks:a survey [J]. Computer Networks,2002(38):393-422.
[35]Tilak S, Abu-Ghazaleh N, Heinzelman W. A taxonomy of wireless micro-sensor network models [J]. Mobile Computing and Communications Review,2002(1):1-8.
[36]刘化军,刘传清.物联网技术[M].电子工业出版社.2010.
[37]杨捷,成明盛.智能视频分析技术在铁路视频监控中的应用探讨[J].通信与信息技术.2010.6：82-85.
[38]刘治红.智能视频监控技术及其在安防领域的应用[J].兵工自动化.2009.
[39]高丽.智能视频监控技术及其应用[J].黑龙江科技信息.2009.
[40]曲思源,张光远.铁路行车安全保障体系实施框架研究[J].铁道运输与经济.2003.11(25)
[41]韩买良.铁路行车安全管理[M].北京：中国铁道出版社.2007
[42]张孟彬,铁路行车安全综合监控系统建设探讨[J].铁路工程.2007.4
[43]康熊,管天保,黎国清等.沪宁线行车安全综合监控系统的研究[J].中国铁道科学.2002.2(33).1-5.
[44]孙汉武.铁路安全检查监测保障体系及其应用研究[D].成都：西南交通大学.2010.16-19
[45]刘兆元.物联网业务关键技术与模式探讨[J].广东通信技术.2009
[2]European Research Projects on the Internet of Things (CERP-IoT) Strategic Research Agenda (SRA).Internet of things-strategic research roadmap [EB/OL]. (2009-09-15)[2010-05-12]. http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/policy/rfid/documents/in_cerp.pdf
[3]林世懿.日本最新IT政策u-Japan介绍[J].台湾FIND网站.2004.(1.0)
[4]陈柳钦.物联网：国内外发展动态及亟待解决的关键问题[J].决策咨询通讯.2010.(05).
[5]韩国信息通信.韩国计划至2012年构建“物联网”基础设施[EB/OL].(2009.12-04)[2010-05-18].http://www.c114.net/news/17/a450913.html
[6]秦勇,王卓,王艳辉.青藏铁路综合监控中心系统的研究与应用[J].交通运输系统工程与信息.2007.(02)
[7]秦勇,王卓,王艳辉,贾利民.青藏铁路综合监控中心系统的研究与应用[J].交通运输系统工程与信息.2007.7(2)
[8]王莉.铁路安全综合监控系统开放式集成架构及应用[D].北京：北京交通大学.2007.
[9]李积英,何涛,赵贺,崔用明.青藏铁路综合安全监控系统研究[J].铁道学报.2010.32(6)
[10]李积英,何涛.青藏铁路综合安全实时监测平台技术方案研究[J].安全实时监测平台技术.2009.30(24)
[11]铁道部科学研究院研究报告.京沪高速铁路安全对策总体方案.1999.12
[12]霍黎明,郭奇园,王建英.基于GIS现代铁路综合监控系统的研究与实现[J].铁道运输与经济.2009.31(12).10-11
[13]冯杰.铁路运输安全监控自动化—铁路线桥设备实时监测系统研究[D].上海：同济大学.2008.
[14]肖榜全.京津线行车安全保障系统结构设计[D].北京：北京交通大学.2003.
[15]孙根强,王可心,刘娟,张日芳ZigBee无线传感网络在客车安全监测系统中的应用[J].黑龙江科技信息.2010.(7)9
[16]宋志强,刘统玉,王昌,王纪强,李晓庆.光纤传感技术在铁路中的应用[J].中国铁路.2010.(6).67
[17]Nejikovsky B, Keller E.Wireless Communications Based System to Monitor Performance of Rail Vehicles.2000.
[18]熊书明,王良民,王新胜,詹永照.铁路道口无人监控的WSN应用研究[J].计算机工程与应用.2009,45(10).8
[19]顾丹.无线传感器网络在列车安全监测中的应用[D].成都：西南交通大学.2007.1
[20]Emad Aboelela, William Edberg, Christos Papakonstantinou, Vinod Vokkarane. Wireless sensor network based model for secure railway operations.2006
[21]叶安君.智能视频监控系统在客运专线上的应用[J].铁道通信信号.2007.43(8).33
[22]董宏辉,葛大伟,秦勇,贾利民.基于智能视频分析的铁路入侵检测技术研究[J].中国铁道科学.2010.31(2).
[23]覃飞.客运车站安全智能视频监控系统研究.铁路计算机应用.2010.19(6).
[24]张铎,肖坦.视频分析技术在青藏铁路视频监控系统中的应用[J].中国铁路.2010.4.
[25]王良民,熊书明.物联网工程概论[M].北京：清华大学出版社.2011.12
[26]ITU. ITU Internet Reports 2005:The Internet of Things [R].Tun is,2005.
[27]孙其博,刘杰,黎葬,范春晓.孙娟娟.物联网：概念、架构与关键技术研究综述[J].北京邮电大学学报.2010.33(3)
[28]彭扬,蒋长兵.物联网技术与应用基础[M].北京：中国物资出版社.2011.
[29]Welbourne E, Battle L, Cole G, et al. Building the Internet of Things using RFID [J]. IEEE Internet Computing,2009,13(3):48-55.
[30]KRYLOV V, LOGV INOV A, PONOMAREV D. EPC Object Code Mapping Service Software Architecture:W b Approach [M]. Ontario:MERA Networks Publications,2008.
[31]SR IVASTAVA L. Pervasive, ambient, ubiquitous:the magic of radio[C].European Commission Conference. "From RFID to the Internet of Things". Bruxelles, Belgium, March 2006.
[32]FLOERKEME IER C, BHATTACHARYYA R, SARMA S. Beyond RFID[C].Proceedings of TIWDC 2009. Pula, Italy. September,2009.
[33]佚名.谈谈RFID技术及应用和发展趋势.金卡工程.2007
[34]Akyildiz IF, Su W, Sankar-asubramani-amY, etal. Wireless sensor networks:a survey [J]. Computer Networks,2002(38):393-422.
[35]Tilak S, Abu-Ghazaleh N, Heinzelman W. A taxonomy of wireless micro-sensor network models [J]. Mobile Computing and Communications Review,2002(1):1-8.
[36]刘化军,刘传清.物联网技术[M].电子工业出版社.2010.
[37]杨捷,成明盛.智能视频分析技术在铁路视频监控中的应用探讨[J].通信与信息技术.2010.6：82-85.
[38]刘治红.智能视频监控技术及其在安防领域的应用[J].兵工自动化.2009.
[39]高丽.智能视频监控技术及其应用[J].黑龙江科技信息.2009.
[40]曲思源,张光远.铁路行车安全保障体系实施框架研究[J].铁道运输与经济.2003.11(25)
[41]韩买良.铁路行车安全管理[M].北京：中国铁道出版社.2007
[42]张孟彬,铁路行车安全综合监控系统建设探讨[J].铁路工程.2007.4
[43]康熊,管天保,黎国清等.沪宁线行车安全综合监控系统的研究[J].中国铁道科学.2002.2(33).1-5.
[44]孙汉武.铁路安全检查监测保障体系及其应用研究[D].成都：西南交通大学.2010.16-19
[45]刘兆元.物联网业务关键技术与模式探讨[J].广东通信技术.2009