经济增长中效率测度的参数与非参数方法比较研究
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摘要
科技进步与经济增长之间的关系一直是经济学研究中的一个热点问题。随着人类逐步迈入知识经济时代,科学技术在推动经济发展的过程中起到了越来越重要的作用,未来综合国力的竞争也转变为科技水平的竞争。效率测度是研究技术进步对于经济增长贡献率的一种有效方法,本文的研究从介绍经济增长的相关理论出发,探讨了效率测度与经济增长之间的关系,进而系统的介绍和研究了经济增长效率的相关测度方法。文章的主要内容如下:
首先,文章从分析经济的增长方式入手,阐述了经济增长理论的演变过程及相关理论的主要观点,进而研究了技术进步、经济增长以及效率测度之间的关系,建立了分析经济增长效率的理论体系。
其次,研究了效率测度的参数方法和非参数方法。在介绍这两类方法发展过程的基础上,分别以随机前沿分析法和数据包络分析法为代表,研究了这两种方法的主要思想、数学模型以及计算方法,并用这两种方法测算和分析了中国商业银行2006年的效率。
再次,从效率指数的角度研究了生产率的变动及其测度方法。文章在介绍生产率变动相关理论的基础上,指出了衡量生产率变动的常见指标,进而重点研究了Malmquist生产率指数的相关理论。有关Malmquist指数的分析主要从该方法的基本原理、计算方法及其分解几个角度展开,同时,文章还运用Malmquist指数计算和分析了我国主要商业银行1997-2006年间的生产率变动情况。
最后,从拥挤的内涵、产生原因及其测算方法等几个角度,研究了经济增长中的拥挤现象。并比较了参数方法与非参数方法在测度效率时的差异,指出了文章的后续研究方向。
从文章的研究来看,其创新点为:首先建立了统一的效率指标体系,并分析了不同的效率指标之间的关系;其次,文章就Malmquist指数的分解做了广泛的分析和多角度的研究;此外,文章还同时运用随机前沿分析法、数据包络分析法以及Malmquist指数对我国主要商业银行发展过程中的效率情况做了深入的实例分析。
The relationship between technology development and economic growth is researched by many economists. As we gradually step into the era of knowledge economy, technology has played a more and more important role in the development of economics, so, the competition of comprehensive national strength in the future has become the competition of technology. Efficiency evaluation is an important method in evaluation the contribution of technology to the growth of economic. The research of this dissertation begins with the introduction of economic growth theory, analyzes the relationship between efficiency evaluation and economic growth, and the most important part of this article is the research of the methods for evaluating the efficiency of economic growth. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows:
Firstly, this dissertation begins with the analysis of economic growth mode and introduces the evolution process of economic growth theory, highlighting some main points of the economic growth theory. It then researches the relationship between technology, economic growth and the evaluation of efficiency, and establishes the theoretical system for analyzing the efficiency of economic growth.
Secondly, the dissertation researched two kind methods for efficiency evaluation: parametric estimation method and non-parametric estimation method, whose representative methods are stochastic frontier approach (SFA) and data envelopment analysis (DEA). Then, the dissertation researched the main idea, mathematical model and calculation method of SFA and DEA, and evaluated the efficiency of commercial bank in China in 2006 with SFA and DEA.
In the Third place, the dissertation researched the change of productivity, and its evaluation method from the view of efficiency index. Based on the introduction of productivity change theory, the dissertation points out some indexes that are usually used for evaluating productivity change, among which, Malmquist index is commonly used. The research of Malmquist index is mainly from the view of its rationale, calculation method and decomposition. In the end, the dissertation analyzes the productivity change of China’s commercial bank from 1997 to 2006.
Finally, the dissertation researched the congestion of production factors in the growth of economics, from the view of the economic intension of congestion, reason and the evaluation method. Then, the dissertation compared the differences between parametric estimation method and non-parametric estimation method, when used for efficiency evaluation, and points out the direction for future research.
The innovations of this dissertation are: first, established a unified system of efficiency indicators, and then analysis the relationship among those indicators; second, analysis the decomposition of Malmquist index from different point; third, use SFA, DEA, and Malmquist index anysis the efficiency change of China’s commercial bank, and then compared the difference of these efficiency measure methods.
首先,文章从分析经济的增长方式入手,阐述了经济增长理论的演变过程及相关理论的主要观点,进而研究了技术进步、经济增长以及效率测度之间的关系,建立了分析经济增长效率的理论体系。
其次,研究了效率测度的参数方法和非参数方法。在介绍这两类方法发展过程的基础上,分别以随机前沿分析法和数据包络分析法为代表,研究了这两种方法的主要思想、数学模型以及计算方法,并用这两种方法测算和分析了中国商业银行2006年的效率。
再次,从效率指数的角度研究了生产率的变动及其测度方法。文章在介绍生产率变动相关理论的基础上,指出了衡量生产率变动的常见指标,进而重点研究了Malmquist生产率指数的相关理论。有关Malmquist指数的分析主要从该方法的基本原理、计算方法及其分解几个角度展开,同时,文章还运用Malmquist指数计算和分析了我国主要商业银行1997-2006年间的生产率变动情况。
最后,从拥挤的内涵、产生原因及其测算方法等几个角度,研究了经济增长中的拥挤现象。并比较了参数方法与非参数方法在测度效率时的差异,指出了文章的后续研究方向。
从文章的研究来看,其创新点为:首先建立了统一的效率指标体系,并分析了不同的效率指标之间的关系;其次,文章就Malmquist指数的分解做了广泛的分析和多角度的研究;此外,文章还同时运用随机前沿分析法、数据包络分析法以及Malmquist指数对我国主要商业银行发展过程中的效率情况做了深入的实例分析。
The relationship between technology development and economic growth is researched by many economists. As we gradually step into the era of knowledge economy, technology has played a more and more important role in the development of economics, so, the competition of comprehensive national strength in the future has become the competition of technology. Efficiency evaluation is an important method in evaluation the contribution of technology to the growth of economic. The research of this dissertation begins with the introduction of economic growth theory, analyzes the relationship between efficiency evaluation and economic growth, and the most important part of this article is the research of the methods for evaluating the efficiency of economic growth. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows:
Firstly, this dissertation begins with the analysis of economic growth mode and introduces the evolution process of economic growth theory, highlighting some main points of the economic growth theory. It then researches the relationship between technology, economic growth and the evaluation of efficiency, and establishes the theoretical system for analyzing the efficiency of economic growth.
Secondly, the dissertation researched two kind methods for efficiency evaluation: parametric estimation method and non-parametric estimation method, whose representative methods are stochastic frontier approach (SFA) and data envelopment analysis (DEA). Then, the dissertation researched the main idea, mathematical model and calculation method of SFA and DEA, and evaluated the efficiency of commercial bank in China in 2006 with SFA and DEA.
In the Third place, the dissertation researched the change of productivity, and its evaluation method from the view of efficiency index. Based on the introduction of productivity change theory, the dissertation points out some indexes that are usually used for evaluating productivity change, among which, Malmquist index is commonly used. The research of Malmquist index is mainly from the view of its rationale, calculation method and decomposition. In the end, the dissertation analyzes the productivity change of China’s commercial bank from 1997 to 2006.
Finally, the dissertation researched the congestion of production factors in the growth of economics, from the view of the economic intension of congestion, reason and the evaluation method. Then, the dissertation compared the differences between parametric estimation method and non-parametric estimation method, when used for efficiency evaluation, and points out the direction for future research.
The innovations of this dissertation are: first, established a unified system of efficiency indicators, and then analysis the relationship among those indicators; second, analysis the decomposition of Malmquist index from different point; third, use SFA, DEA, and Malmquist index anysis the efficiency change of China’s commercial bank, and then compared the difference of these efficiency measure methods.
引文
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