集成化采矿CAD的知识协同性研究
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摘要
采矿CAD在矿井设计、安全生产管理中发挥着重要作用,提高采矿CAD的集成度、智能性有助于提升矿井设计与安全管理水平。论文分析了采矿CAD的研究现状,给出采矿CAD智能性低、集成度不高的原因,指出实现知识协同可提高集成化采矿CAD智能性,并基于此结合协同设计的基本理论,分析了矿井协同设计的内容,提出了以协同采矿CAD(Cooperative Mine CAD,CMCAD)为核心的矿井协同设计应用模型。针对CMCAD模型的建立,本文进行了以下几方面的研究工作:
研究了基于智能对象的采矿CAD知识表示方法。以面向对象知识表示方法为基础,提出智能对象的概念;通过智能实体、符号智能体、虚智能体、智能容器与代理类的建立,将智能对象的概念具体化。研究了基于设计结构矩阵的CMCAD知识协同性表达方法。采用模糊设计结构矩阵分析法,揭示了矿井设计知识串行、并行、耦合的协同结构,给出了基于可达矩阵的耦合任务识别和最小信息依赖度解耦方法。以任务的协同性为基础,建立对象设计结构矩阵,将设计任务之间的协同性转变为智能对象的协同性,指出了耦合智能实体的存在形式。
研究了智能对象的实现方法。基于ObjectARX可视化技术,确定了AcDbObject接口为虚智能体实现协议,AcDbEntity接口为智能实体、符号智能体的实现协议,研究了基于扩展字典的耦合智能实体知识单元管理方法。以“网络解算智能容器”的实现为例说明了智能实体、智能容器、代理类之间的关系。基于NHibernate、Ajax、反射机制等技术,研究了与数据库无关的智能对象存储方法,浏览器端智能对象的操作方法,智能对象中领域知识的标识方法,并给出了关键代码。
最后以矿井通风一体化系统的实现为例来验证CMCAD模型的有效性。首先指出矿井通风一体化系统以通风网络理论为核心,业务范围包括设计与生产两个阶段。其次为增强一体化系统的自动化程度,从风阻获取、通风网络动态解算、网络图的自动生成三方面对通风网络理论进行了扩展应用研究。以vc.net、ObjectARX为工具实现了一个以通风设计为主,包括开拓开采、断面设计、井巷工程概算的CMCAD系统,以及一个集通风网络动态解算、生产数据统计分析、报表管理为一体的Web应用系统。最后给出了软件系统在矿井设计与通风安全管理中的应用实例。
In the process of mining design and safety producing management, Mine CAD plays a very important role, and thus the enhancement of Mine CAD’s integration and intelligence can help to improve the mining design environment and elevate the safety management level. The research status of Mine CAD was summarized to indicate the reasons of lower intelligence and integration about mining CAD, which can be improved by realizing knowledge cooperation. Based on the theory of cooperative design, the content of mine cooperative design was analyzed, and then the application model of mine cooperative design was established with CMCAD (Cooperative Mine CAD) as its core. Aiming at the CMCAD model, this paper included the following researches and works:
The method of informational expression of mining CAD was researched based on intelligent object. The OOP informational expression method was adopted to explain the concept of intelligent object, and the establishment of intelligent entity、signal intelligent body、virtual intelligent body、intelligent container and delegate class embodied the concept of intelligent object. Also a ventilation network calculation sample was employed to depict the relationship among intelligent entity、intelligent container and delegate class.The cooperation of information in CMCAD was researched baseed on design structure matrix. By using the analysis method of fuzzy design struction matrix,this paper expressed the serial、paralleling and coupling characteristics of design tasks in coal mines, put forward the recognizing method of coupled tasks with reachable matrix and the uncoupled method with the least informational dependence. Finally by dividing the design tasks into intelligent objects, the matrix of object design struction was formed to change the cooperation between design tasks into that between intelligent object, and then to point out the possible existing state of a coupled intelligent entity.
The method to realize the intelligent object was discussed. Based on the visual technology of ObjectARX, the interface of AcDbObject was adopted to realize the virtual intelligent body and the interface of AcDbEntity was adopted to realize the intelligent entity and signal intelligent body. The management method of information units of coupled intelligent entity based on the extension dictionary was researched. Also, based on the technologies of NHibernate、Ajax and reflecting mechanism, the storing method of intelligent objects beyond the database、the operation method of intelligent object in IE ends and the marking method of field knowledge of intelligent objects were achieved with key codes.
The realization of a integrated system in coal mine’s ventilation was used to verified the effect of CMCAD model. Based on the theory of ventilation network, the combined system of coal mine’s ventilation included the two periods of design and production. For strengthen the automatization degree of integrated system, the application research on ventilation network theory was extended in the area of obtaining air resistances、dynamically analyzing of ventilation network and automatically generating network graph. Based on the tools of vc.net and ObjectARX, a CMCAD system, which included mainly the ventilation design as well as caving design、section design and project budgetary estimation of mine. Also a Web application system integrating the dynamical calculation of ventilation network、statistical analysis of working data and management of reports was developed. Finally application instance of design and ventilation safety management in coal mine were shown.
研究了基于智能对象的采矿CAD知识表示方法。以面向对象知识表示方法为基础,提出智能对象的概念;通过智能实体、符号智能体、虚智能体、智能容器与代理类的建立,将智能对象的概念具体化。研究了基于设计结构矩阵的CMCAD知识协同性表达方法。采用模糊设计结构矩阵分析法,揭示了矿井设计知识串行、并行、耦合的协同结构,给出了基于可达矩阵的耦合任务识别和最小信息依赖度解耦方法。以任务的协同性为基础,建立对象设计结构矩阵,将设计任务之间的协同性转变为智能对象的协同性,指出了耦合智能实体的存在形式。
研究了智能对象的实现方法。基于ObjectARX可视化技术,确定了AcDbObject接口为虚智能体实现协议,AcDbEntity接口为智能实体、符号智能体的实现协议,研究了基于扩展字典的耦合智能实体知识单元管理方法。以“网络解算智能容器”的实现为例说明了智能实体、智能容器、代理类之间的关系。基于NHibernate、Ajax、反射机制等技术,研究了与数据库无关的智能对象存储方法,浏览器端智能对象的操作方法,智能对象中领域知识的标识方法,并给出了关键代码。
最后以矿井通风一体化系统的实现为例来验证CMCAD模型的有效性。首先指出矿井通风一体化系统以通风网络理论为核心,业务范围包括设计与生产两个阶段。其次为增强一体化系统的自动化程度,从风阻获取、通风网络动态解算、网络图的自动生成三方面对通风网络理论进行了扩展应用研究。以vc.net、ObjectARX为工具实现了一个以通风设计为主,包括开拓开采、断面设计、井巷工程概算的CMCAD系统,以及一个集通风网络动态解算、生产数据统计分析、报表管理为一体的Web应用系统。最后给出了软件系统在矿井设计与通风安全管理中的应用实例。
In the process of mining design and safety producing management, Mine CAD plays a very important role, and thus the enhancement of Mine CAD’s integration and intelligence can help to improve the mining design environment and elevate the safety management level. The research status of Mine CAD was summarized to indicate the reasons of lower intelligence and integration about mining CAD, which can be improved by realizing knowledge cooperation. Based on the theory of cooperative design, the content of mine cooperative design was analyzed, and then the application model of mine cooperative design was established with CMCAD (Cooperative Mine CAD) as its core. Aiming at the CMCAD model, this paper included the following researches and works:
The method of informational expression of mining CAD was researched based on intelligent object. The OOP informational expression method was adopted to explain the concept of intelligent object, and the establishment of intelligent entity、signal intelligent body、virtual intelligent body、intelligent container and delegate class embodied the concept of intelligent object. Also a ventilation network calculation sample was employed to depict the relationship among intelligent entity、intelligent container and delegate class.The cooperation of information in CMCAD was researched baseed on design structure matrix. By using the analysis method of fuzzy design struction matrix,this paper expressed the serial、paralleling and coupling characteristics of design tasks in coal mines, put forward the recognizing method of coupled tasks with reachable matrix and the uncoupled method with the least informational dependence. Finally by dividing the design tasks into intelligent objects, the matrix of object design struction was formed to change the cooperation between design tasks into that between intelligent object, and then to point out the possible existing state of a coupled intelligent entity.
The method to realize the intelligent object was discussed. Based on the visual technology of ObjectARX, the interface of AcDbObject was adopted to realize the virtual intelligent body and the interface of AcDbEntity was adopted to realize the intelligent entity and signal intelligent body. The management method of information units of coupled intelligent entity based on the extension dictionary was researched. Also, based on the technologies of NHibernate、Ajax and reflecting mechanism, the storing method of intelligent objects beyond the database、the operation method of intelligent object in IE ends and the marking method of field knowledge of intelligent objects were achieved with key codes.
The realization of a integrated system in coal mine’s ventilation was used to verified the effect of CMCAD model. Based on the theory of ventilation network, the combined system of coal mine’s ventilation included the two periods of design and production. For strengthen the automatization degree of integrated system, the application research on ventilation network theory was extended in the area of obtaining air resistances、dynamically analyzing of ventilation network and automatically generating network graph. Based on the tools of vc.net and ObjectARX, a CMCAD system, which included mainly the ventilation design as well as caving design、section design and project budgetary estimation of mine. Also a Web application system integrating the dynamical calculation of ventilation network、statistical analysis of working data and management of reports was developed. Finally application instance of design and ventilation safety management in coal mine were shown.
引文
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