厦门港发展成为中国沿海集装箱主枢纽港问题研究
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摘要
集装箱船舶大型化发展的趋势给港口的发展带来了挑战,同时也给港口的发展带来了机遇。厦门港在2001年已被交通部和福建省人民政府在《厦门总体布局规划》中确定为我国沿海主枢纽港之一。然而,我国加入WTO后,在进出口货物迅速增加,集装箱运输量迅速增长的情况下,原先集装箱吞吐量排名全国第六的厦门港位置却被宁波港所超越,一下滑落到第七名;而以往在厦门港之后的一些港口也都加快了赶超步伐。现今厦门港在发展中面临着许多挑战和问题,诸如管理理念,规模化经营,与经济腹地联系,国际中转和多式联运,电子信息管理和使用水平,基础设施的建设以及通关环境等。本文研究的目的正是从分析厦门港向沿海主枢纽港发展的问题出发,探索厦门港建设成为我国沿海集装箱主枢纽港的发展途径。
     全文包括导论、六章内容和结论。导论部分提出问题,说明问题研究的目的和意义,构造出本文研究的框架。第一章从现代海上集装箱运输及港口发展趋势分析,阐明厦门港发展成为我国沿海集装箱港面临的发展机遇与挑战。第二章从厦门港口及集装箱码头发展现状,分析厦门港集装箱运输发展特点和存在的主要问题。第三章通过对厦门港的发展分析,阐明厦门港发展成为我国沿海集装箱主枢纽港优劣势兼具,机会与挑战并存。第四章通过对厦门港发展成为我国沿海集装箱主枢纽港依据与必要性分析,阐明厦门港建设成为我国沿海集装箱主枢纽港是厦门港发展的方向。第五章是在前几章研究的基础之上,通过对厦门港集装箱运输的功能定位,明确厦门港发展成为我国集装箱主枢纽港的任务和步骤。第六章是厦门港发展成为我国沿海集装箱主枢纽港所要实施的途径和措施。通过研究,本文得出的结论是厦门港要实现成为中国沿海集装箱主枢纽港的发展目标,要进一步做好如下工作:制定厦门湾港口总体规划,发挥厦门湾资源的整体优势;发展港口经济,实现港城一体化;发展多式联运,建立港口物流中心;加快港口基础设施建设,提高接纳大型集装箱船舶的能力;改善腹地交通条件,提高厦门港的辐射能力;规范和培育航运市场,积极开拓国际国内航运市场;加强技术创新,提高港口综合通过能力;建立与市场经济相适应的港口建设投融资体系;深化港口港口管理体制改革,促进港口事业全面发展;特区特办,实行自由港政策。
     笔者希望本文能对研究我国沿海港口的发展,以及制定厦门港发展战略有一定的参考价值。
The containerized vessels are getting to a tendency of great size and large tonnage, which bring a great many opportunities and challenges to the development of ports. Xiamen port has been stipulated for one of the hub transfer ports among China's coastal cities by both the Ministry of Traffic and Transportation and the people's government of Fu Jian province according to "the general plan for layout of Xiamen". However, with the development of China's economy and trade relations, especially after the entry into WTO, the volume of imports and exports is increasing rapidly as well as the volume of containers, Xiamen port has been replaced by Ningbo port, which originally ranked Top 6th of the container volume of input and output, and yet dropped to Top 7th. Moreover, some ports legged behind Xiamen port at one time are quickening their paces to keep up with. Nowadays, in the ever-changing conditions, Xiamen port confronts a series of problems which should be solved or settled, such as: ideas of management; large scale operation; economic hinterland relations; international transfer and multi-modal transport; electronic information management and the level of utilization; infrastructure construction; environment of clearance of Customs and the like. The study of this problem aims at the analysis of these issues, studying to find out the development means of how to establish Xiamen port as one of the mainly hub transfer ports among China's coastal cities.
    The whole paper consists of the introduction, six chapters and conclusion. The introduction is to raise the issues, introducing the study's purpose and significance, which forms the structure of this paper. The Chapter 1 interprets Xiamen's opportunities and challenges in developing into one of the main container transfer ports in China's coastal cities, in view of the analysis of modern maritime container transport and development of ports. The Chapter 2 analyzes the characteristic of Xiamen port's container transportation development and where the rub is, in terms of the present situation. The Chapter 3 through the analysis of Xiamen port's developing, illustrates Xiamen port's advantages and disadvantages coexist, opportunities and challenges join hands when developing into one of the mainly container hub transfer ports among China's coastal ports. The Chapter 4 on the grounds of Xiamen port's development into one of the mainly container transfer ports and through necessary analysis, explains the necessity of Xiamen's becoming as one of the main container hub transfer ports. The Chapter 5 on the basis of the study of the former chapters clarifies the steps and tasks of Xiamen port's development into one of China's main container hub transfer ports, through the function orientation of Xiamen port's container transportation. Chapter 6 deals with the ways and measures taken by Xiamen port to form one of the main container ports among China's coastal cities. Through studying, the author draws a conclusion that if Xiamen port is to realize the developing
    
    
    
    target of mainly hub transfer port among China's coastal cities, it should do a good job as follows: to plan the general layout for Xiamen port; utilize properly the advantages of resources in Xiamen bay; develop port economy; establish an entity by combining the port with Xiamen city; develop multi-modal transport; establish logistic center of port; speed up the construction of port's infrastructure; heighten the capacity of accommodating large-sized container vessels; improve the traffic conditions of hinterland; increase the capability of Xiamen port's radiation; set rules and cultivate shipping market, actively open up maritime market abroad and at home; enhance technological innovation; establish port industry and grow up concurrently with the market economy; implement the policy of free port.
    The author hopes that the thesis has some value for reference, and contributes to the study of establishment of container hub transfer port in China's coastal port cities, as well as carrying out developing strat
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