企业安全氛围及其与员工行为的关系研究
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摘要
目前国内安全文化、安全氛围及其安全行为的相关研究缺乏充分科学性,基本限制在定性研究。在提出了明确的安全氛围定义基础上,探讨企业安全氛围测评及其与员工安全行为关系两大内容。以JM Stewart提出的安全管理关键元素为基础,设计了安全氛围测评工具,应用改进了的主成分分析法和四分象限图法分析得到了定量、具体、直观的结果,科学地为企业识别改进方向提供支持。通过两个实证研究氛围与行为关系,应用结构方程模型分析构建的假设模型。实证一(基于Cheyne研究结果)得到了氛围的两个因子安全管理和员工参与,都显著正向影响员工安全活动,系数为0.37和0.31；实证二(基于文献分析)得到了氛围因子管理承诺与行为的路径系数0.23以及其他变量间的作用系数。结果证实了管理承诺、员工参与是我国企业安全氛围的重要构成因子,安全氛围显著正向影响安全行为。本文的研究思路、方法和结果为企业安全文化、安全氛围、安全管理等领域研究以及管理实践提供了参考。
Now the study on safety culture, safety climate and their relationships with employees' behavior is lacking systemization, scientificalness and limited on qualitative study. Paper deeply studies the measurement of safety climate and its relationship with employees'behavior after putting forward the definite definition of safety climate and discriminating the differences between safety climate and safety culture clearly. Basing on the key elements of enterprise's safety management brought forward by JM Stewart, measurement method of safety climate is designed, applying the improved Principle Component Analytical method and four-quadrant graph method into the analytical process, and obtaining the quantitative, specific and intuitionistic results which can effectively support to indentify, advancing and implementing improvement measures scientifically. Two demonstrations research the relationship of safety climate and employees' behavior, analyzing their influences by Structural Equation Model, and the models are presented. Firstly, basing on Cheyne's research result, two factors'safety management' and 'employee involvement' are obtained which significantly positively influence employees' safety behaviors; effect coefficients are 0.37 and 0.31. Secondly, the scales of safety climate, safety behaviors, work stress, risk perception and dangerous level of working environment are designed on literature analysis. The path coefficient of safety climate's factor management commitment to safety behavior is 0.23 and others are also obtained. The two demonstrations all prove the significant influence of safety climate to safety behaviors. Paper's research thought, methods and results are all supporting references to study on safety culture, safety climate and safety management and the safety management practices of enterprises.
Now the study on safety culture, safety climate and their relationships with employees' behavior is lacking systemization, scientificalness and limited on qualitative study. Paper deeply studies the measurement of safety climate and its relationship with employees'behavior after putting forward the definite definition of safety climate and discriminating the differences between safety climate and safety culture clearly. Basing on the key elements of enterprise's safety management brought forward by JM Stewart, measurement method of safety climate is designed, applying the improved Principle Component Analytical method and four-quadrant graph method into the analytical process, and obtaining the quantitative, specific and intuitionistic results which can effectively support to indentify, advancing and implementing improvement measures scientifically. Two demonstrations research the relationship of safety climate and employees' behavior, analyzing their influences by Structural Equation Model, and the models are presented. Firstly, basing on Cheyne's research result, two factors'safety management' and 'employee involvement' are obtained which significantly positively influence employees' safety behaviors; effect coefficients are 0.37 and 0.31. Secondly, the scales of safety climate, safety behaviors, work stress, risk perception and dangerous level of working environment are designed on literature analysis. The path coefficient of safety climate's factor management commitment to safety behavior is 0.23 and others are also obtained. The two demonstrations all prove the significant influence of safety climate to safety behaviors. Paper's research thought, methods and results are all supporting references to study on safety culture, safety climate and safety management and the safety management practices of enterprises.
引文
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