河北省农业R&D资源配置的实证研究
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摘要
文章采用指标体系法、比较分析法和因子分析法,同时结合与河北省周边市及发达地区农业R&D人力资源、财力资源的对比分析,对河北省农业研究和开发(Research and Development,简称农业R&D)资源配置中农林牧渔及服务业投入强度、活动类型、执行部门、项目支出等几个方面的现状进行了系统的实证研究,通过对河北省农业R&D资源状况与其他省比较分析明确看出,河北省农业人力资源居于上游水平,而在财力资源、农业科技成果和农业R&D项目资源居于下游,河北省农业R&D科技进步的总体状况处于中游水平,面临的问题和发展任务是艰巨的。找出河北省农业R&D资源与发达地区相比存在的差距,河北省要加大农业R&D投入力度,合理资源配置。探讨了河北省农业R&D资源配置方案及通过合理资源配置、提高河北省农业科研创新能力的一些途径。
作者在实证研究的基础上提出了如下对策:优化资源配制,提高农业科技创新能力,建立健全多元化科技投入体系,增加R&D经费投入,推动企业成为技术开发投入主体,政府可以适当直接支持从事农业R&D活动的企业,要组建学科互补、有战斗力的科研队伍,克服过于分散,小型化,低水平重复,加强专利管理,完善专利制度,保护知识产权,要强化科技成果转化的运行机制。使科技成果尽快的转化现实的生产力。实施人才战略,努力培养具有创新能力的高科技人才,优化人力资源配置,提高农业科技创新能力,在进行科学技术研究时,在学科之间、人力之间,使资源利用做到集约、互补、倍增。优化和整合全省农业科技资源,将全市农业科研机构和高校的科技资源进行优化整合,打破条块分割和所有制界限,围绕农业技术创新,以重大科技项目为龙头,以国内外农业科技成果的引进、推广、转化为纽带,优化配置农业科技资源,形成具有河北省特色的农业技术创新体系。
The aim of this research is to seek the differences in agricultural R&D resources between Hebei Province and other developed regions by use of index system method, comparative analysis method and factor analysis method and by means of analyzing such problems as input intensity of agricultural R&D, activity types, executive departments, expense of time and energy on the projects, etc, and contrasting Hebei Province with surrounding cities and developed regions in human and financial resources of agricultural R&D.On this basis the resource allocation plan of agricultural R&D in Hebei Province and some ways to sharpen the innovation ability in scientific research of agriculture in Hebei Province through rational resource allocation were approached.The following works should be accomplished: to optimize resource allocation, to strengthen innovation ability of agricultural science and technology, to establish and perfect system of scientific and technological pluralistic input, system of scientific and technological pluralistic input, system of scientificand technological pluralities input, to impel the enterprises .to be main body of technological development input, so that R&D outlay input would be increased.For this reason the governments should give appropriate backing to the enterprises engaging in agricultural R&D, organize scientific and technological ranks which are of combat capability and of complementarity in subjects, eliminate decentralization, miniaturization and low-level repetition in scientific research, strengthen and perfect management system of patent, safeguard knowledge property right, and intensify the operational mechanism of commercialization of research achievements in order to transform research achievements in order to transform these achievements into real productive forces.lt is necessary to implement the strategy of talented persons, to actively train high-tech personnel of innovation ability, to optimize the allocation of personnel resources and strengthen the innovation ability in agricultural science and technology, and in the scientific and technological research the utilization of science and personnel resources should be intensive, mutually complementary and multipliable.Agricultural scientific and technological resources in the whole province including that of the agricultural scientific and technological research institutions and colleges and universities in the City should be optimized and conformed, The separatist state and ownership barriers in management of the research institutions must be broken down.the allocation of agricultural scientific and technological resources should be optimized, the significant scientific and technological projects should be taken as the leading vole and the importation, extension and transformation of domestic and foreign agricultural scientific and technological achievements should be taken as the link, so as a system of agricultural technological innovation with Hebei special feature would be formed.
作者在实证研究的基础上提出了如下对策:优化资源配制,提高农业科技创新能力,建立健全多元化科技投入体系,增加R&D经费投入,推动企业成为技术开发投入主体,政府可以适当直接支持从事农业R&D活动的企业,要组建学科互补、有战斗力的科研队伍,克服过于分散,小型化,低水平重复,加强专利管理,完善专利制度,保护知识产权,要强化科技成果转化的运行机制。使科技成果尽快的转化现实的生产力。实施人才战略,努力培养具有创新能力的高科技人才,优化人力资源配置,提高农业科技创新能力,在进行科学技术研究时,在学科之间、人力之间,使资源利用做到集约、互补、倍增。优化和整合全省农业科技资源,将全市农业科研机构和高校的科技资源进行优化整合,打破条块分割和所有制界限,围绕农业技术创新,以重大科技项目为龙头,以国内外农业科技成果的引进、推广、转化为纽带,优化配置农业科技资源,形成具有河北省特色的农业技术创新体系。
The aim of this research is to seek the differences in agricultural R&D resources between Hebei Province and other developed regions by use of index system method, comparative analysis method and factor analysis method and by means of analyzing such problems as input intensity of agricultural R&D, activity types, executive departments, expense of time and energy on the projects, etc, and contrasting Hebei Province with surrounding cities and developed regions in human and financial resources of agricultural R&D.On this basis the resource allocation plan of agricultural R&D in Hebei Province and some ways to sharpen the innovation ability in scientific research of agriculture in Hebei Province through rational resource allocation were approached.The following works should be accomplished: to optimize resource allocation, to strengthen innovation ability of agricultural science and technology, to establish and perfect system of scientific and technological pluralistic input, system of scientific and technological pluralistic input, system of scientificand technological pluralities input, to impel the enterprises .to be main body of technological development input, so that R&D outlay input would be increased.For this reason the governments should give appropriate backing to the enterprises engaging in agricultural R&D, organize scientific and technological ranks which are of combat capability and of complementarity in subjects, eliminate decentralization, miniaturization and low-level repetition in scientific research, strengthen and perfect management system of patent, safeguard knowledge property right, and intensify the operational mechanism of commercialization of research achievements in order to transform research achievements in order to transform these achievements into real productive forces.lt is necessary to implement the strategy of talented persons, to actively train high-tech personnel of innovation ability, to optimize the allocation of personnel resources and strengthen the innovation ability in agricultural science and technology, and in the scientific and technological research the utilization of science and personnel resources should be intensive, mutually complementary and multipliable.Agricultural scientific and technological resources in the whole province including that of the agricultural scientific and technological research institutions and colleges and universities in the City should be optimized and conformed, The separatist state and ownership barriers in management of the research institutions must be broken down.the allocation of agricultural scientific and technological resources should be optimized, the significant scientific and technological projects should be taken as the leading vole and the importation, extension and transformation of domestic and foreign agricultural scientific and technological achievements should be taken as the link, so as a system of agricultural technological innovation with Hebei special feature would be formed.
引文
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[13] Holemans, B., L. Sleuwaegen. Innovation Expenditures and The Role of Government in Belgium. Research Policy.1988, 17: 375—379.
[14] Klette, T. J., J. Moen. R&D Investment Response to R&D Subsidies A Theoretical Analysis and Econometric Evidence. Presentation to the National Bureau of Economic Research Summer Institute, New York, July. 1988,
[15] Lichtenberg, F. R. The Relationship between Federal Contract R&D and Company R&D. American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings, 1984, 74: 73—78.
[16] Lichtenberg, F. R. The Private R&D Investment Response to Federal Design and Technical Competitions. American Economic Review 1988, 78: 550-9.
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