青岛市大气环境容量及总量控制研究
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摘要
大气环境容量的研究确定是有效控制大气环境污染、改善环境质量的基础,是各级政府制定大气污染防治措施的主要依据之一。对于制定环境管理计划和环境规划,实施总量控制和排污许可,科学合理利用大气环境资源,优化促进区域经济健康持续发展,建设资源节约、环境友好型社会,具有十分重要的意义和作用。
通过对污染源的调查与分析,确定主要污染物,利用GIS对青岛市大气功能区进行划分,在此基础上测算各主要污染物的大气环境容量,依据测算的大气环境容量,制定大气污染物总量控制方案,既可确保总量削减,又可充分利用环境容量资源,为提高青岛市的环境管理水平和促进青岛市持续发展提供依据。
论文研究内容主要包括以下几方面：
(1)资料收集,开展大气环境现状调查,摸清现阶段青岛市大气污染状况,确定测算因子；根据收集的资料,通过对各种大气环境容量测算方法的分析了解,选择A-P值法测算大气环境容量；
(2)在对青岛市的经济发展、资源和环境等方面进行系统分析后,利用GIS空间分析功能,对青岛市大气功能区进行划分,并对A值进行修正,以计算大气环境容量；
(3)结合青岛市大气污染现状,大气环境容量,环境质量标准等,提出污染物总量控制方案,为青岛市经济、资源可持续发展决策提供科学依据。
The research of atmospheric environmental capacity is the foundation of effective control of air pollution and improve environmental quanlity, and is also one of the main bases for governments to formulate air pollution control measures. It has great significane and effect for making environmental management plan and environmental planning, and implementation of total volume control and pollution permits, and the scientific and rational utilization of atmospheric environmental resources, and promoting regional economy sustainable development and building a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society.
The main pollutants are determined through the investigation and analysis of pollution source and the Qingdao atmospheric functional areas are classified by using GIS. Estimate the atmospheric environmental capacity on the basis of the that and formulate atmospheric pollutant control scheme, which can ensure the reducing total amount of pollutants and make full use of environmental capacity resource for improving environmental management level and promoting the sustainable development of Qingdao.
In this paper, the main works are as follows:
(1)Collecting data, figuring the atmospheric pollution situation of Qingdao at present, and determining the calculated factors. Using the A-P method to estimate the atmospheric environmental capacity according to the collection datas and the analysis of estimation methods.
(2)Dividing the atmospheric functional zone by using the spacial analysis of GIS after the system analysis of economic development, resources and environment and amending the value of A for estimating the atmospheric environmental capacity.
(3)Put forward the scheme of total emission control combined with the present situation of atmospheric contamination in Qingdao city, atmospheric environmental capacity and environmental quality standards. Provide scientific evidence for Qingdao economic and resources sustainable development decisions.
通过对污染源的调查与分析,确定主要污染物,利用GIS对青岛市大气功能区进行划分,在此基础上测算各主要污染物的大气环境容量,依据测算的大气环境容量,制定大气污染物总量控制方案,既可确保总量削减,又可充分利用环境容量资源,为提高青岛市的环境管理水平和促进青岛市持续发展提供依据。
论文研究内容主要包括以下几方面：
(1)资料收集,开展大气环境现状调查,摸清现阶段青岛市大气污染状况,确定测算因子；根据收集的资料,通过对各种大气环境容量测算方法的分析了解,选择A-P值法测算大气环境容量；
(2)在对青岛市的经济发展、资源和环境等方面进行系统分析后,利用GIS空间分析功能,对青岛市大气功能区进行划分,并对A值进行修正,以计算大气环境容量；
(3)结合青岛市大气污染现状,大气环境容量,环境质量标准等,提出污染物总量控制方案,为青岛市经济、资源可持续发展决策提供科学依据。
The research of atmospheric environmental capacity is the foundation of effective control of air pollution and improve environmental quanlity, and is also one of the main bases for governments to formulate air pollution control measures. It has great significane and effect for making environmental management plan and environmental planning, and implementation of total volume control and pollution permits, and the scientific and rational utilization of atmospheric environmental resources, and promoting regional economy sustainable development and building a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society.
The main pollutants are determined through the investigation and analysis of pollution source and the Qingdao atmospheric functional areas are classified by using GIS. Estimate the atmospheric environmental capacity on the basis of the that and formulate atmospheric pollutant control scheme, which can ensure the reducing total amount of pollutants and make full use of environmental capacity resource for improving environmental management level and promoting the sustainable development of Qingdao.
In this paper, the main works are as follows:
(1)Collecting data, figuring the atmospheric pollution situation of Qingdao at present, and determining the calculated factors. Using the A-P method to estimate the atmospheric environmental capacity according to the collection datas and the analysis of estimation methods.
(2)Dividing the atmospheric functional zone by using the spacial analysis of GIS after the system analysis of economic development, resources and environment and amending the value of A for estimating the atmospheric environmental capacity.
(3)Put forward the scheme of total emission control combined with the present situation of atmospheric contamination in Qingdao city, atmospheric environmental capacity and environmental quality standards. Provide scientific evidence for Qingdao economic and resources sustainable development decisions.
引文
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4. T.V.B.P.S. Rama Krishna, M.K. Reddy, R.C. Reddy, eta. Assimilative capacity and dispersion of pollutants due to industrial sources in Visakhapatnam bowl area[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2004,38:6775-6787.
5. A.D. Bhanarkar, S.K. Goyal, R. Sivacoumar, eta. Assessment of contribution of SO2 and NO2 from different sources in Jamshedpur region, india[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2005, 39:7745-7760.
6. N.Manju, R. Balakrishnan, N. Mani. Assimilative capacity and pollutant dispersion studies for the industria zone of Manali[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2002,36:3461-3471.
7. S.K. Goyal, C.V. Chalapati Rao. Air assimilative capacity-based environment friendly siting of new industries-A case study of Kochi region, india [J]. Journal of Environment Management,2007,84:473-483.
8. S.K. Goyal, C.V. Chalapati Rao. Assessment of atmospheric assimilation potential for industria development in an urban environment:Kochi (india)[J]. Science of the total Environment,2007,376:27-39.
9.鲍仙华等.区域环评中大气环境容量计算及总量控制探讨[J].能源研究与信息,2004,20(2)：63-67.
10. HAO Jiming, WU Ye, FU Lixin, eta. Source contributions to ambient concentrations of CO and NOx in the urban area of Beijing[J]. Environmental Science and Health,2001,36(2): 215-228.
11.陈开平,马永亮,傅立新.ISC长期模型在烟台市空气污染控制规划中的应用[J].上海环境科技,2002,21(8)：494-496.
12.薛志钢,柴发合,段宁,等.运用ISC3模型模拟电厂脱硫后的大气环境影响[J].环境科学研究,2003,16(5)：62-64.
13. Borrego C, Tchepel O, Costa A M, eta. Emission and dispersion modeling of lishbon air quality at local scale[J]. Atmospheric Environment.2003,37(37):5194-5205.
14. Pham M, uller J-F, Brasseuer G P, eta. A 3D model study of the global sulphur cycle: contributions of anthropogenic and biogenic sources[J]. Atmospheric Environmeng.2003, 37(37):5194-5205.
15. Christine Me Hugh, David Carruthers. Using ADMS models for Air Quality Assessment and Management in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Population, Resources and Environment, 2005, (3):3-10.
16. Shuiyuan Cheng, Dongsheng Chen, Jianbing Li, eta. The assessment of emission-source contributions to air quality by using a coupled MM5-ARPS-CMAQ modeling ystem:A case study in the Benjing metropolitan region,China[J]. Environment modeling & Software,2007, 22:1601-1616.
17. Levy Jonathan, Spengler John, Hlinka Demmis, Sullivan David, Moon Dennis. Using CALPUFF to evaluate the impacts of power plant emissions in Illionois:model sensitivity and implications [J].Atmospheric Environment,2002,36(6):1063-1075.
18. Barna Michael G, Gimson Neil R. Dispersion modeling of a wintertime particulate pollution episode in Christchurch, NEW Zealand[J].Atmospheric Environment,2002, 36(21):3531-3544.
19. Villasenor Rafael, Lopez-Villegas M.T., Eidels-Dubovoi S., Quintanar Arturo, Gallardo J C. A mesoscale modeling study of wind blown dust on the Mexico City Basin[J].Atmospheric Environment,2003,37(18):2451-2462.
20.王红磊,钱骏,廖瑞雪,等.CALPUFF模型在大气环境容量测算中的应用研究[J].环境科学与管理,2008,33(12)：169-172.
21.喻林超.四川阿坝州工业开发区汶川桃关工业小区大气环境容量及总量控制研究[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2007.
22.于小俸.常德市大气环境容量核算模型的选择与校验[J].系统仿真技术,2007,3(2)：110-116.
23.朱宗强,成官文,梁斌,等.柳州市大气环境质量及其环境容量测算初探[J].环境监测管理与技术,2009,21(1)：50-52.
24.张如春,冯向阳.普洱市大气环境容量核定研究[J].电力环境保护,2008,24(2)： 47-49.
25.柳欣,王春森,陈兴.牡丹江市大气环境容量的核定[J].环境科学与管理,2007,32(7)：70-73.
26.朱敏,王体健,李淑玲,等.淄博市污染气象特征与大气环境容量[J].南京气象学院学报,2007,30(3)：312-319.
27.梁月娥,何德文,柴立元,等.大气污染物总量控制方法研究进展[J].工业安全与环保,2008,34(5)：45-47.
28.张峰.基于GIS的大气污染扩散模拟与评价系统研究及应用[D].成都理工大学硕士学位论文,2009.
29.赵伟.基于GIS的大气污染扩散模拟[D].中南大学硕士学位论文,2007.
30.张峰.基于GIS的大气污染扩散模拟与评价系统研究及应用[D].成都理工大学硕士学位论文,2009.
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