基于高校管理模式的独立学院计算机管理信息系统研究
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摘要
随着计算机技术的不断发展,软件应用开发和数据库技术的不断发展,在独立院校的管理方面急切需要建立一个完善的统一的管理信息系统。企业中对于管理信息系统的理论和应用研究已经非常成熟,把企业中的管理信息系统的管理思想和方法运用到独立院校的管理中是十分重要的。管理信息系统具有较完善的决策支持功能,为学院的各级领导做出相应的决策提供有利支持功能。
本论文的主要目的就是描述这些概念和综合管理信息系统的模型,将这些基本想法和方法应用到正在研究的天津理工大学中环信息学院管理信息系统中。论文对功能设计,数据库设计,硬件和软件设计等方面做了阐述。详细介绍了系统主要的技术方法以及在研发过程中遇到的困难,解决困难所用的方法等。其主要工作包括以下几个方面:
首先,从学生综合管理的角度,对涉及学生管理过程中的信息系统功能进行分析,做到了对系统的整合规划分析。然后,再对统一系统的学生或老师所要满足的功能进行分析,最后建立系统对象模型。
其次,重点介绍综合管理信息系统中各个子系统的网络拓扑结构、系统设计基础、系统设计策略,系统机构设计、系统界面设计和接口设计,数据库规划和数据库概念模型设计、逻辑模型设计、系统安全设计等内容。然后,在系统设计完成后,介绍系统的运行环境配置和系统部署,以及各子系统主要功能模块的实现。再次,独立学院的管理信息系统的维护工作是必不可少的阶段,本文从系统硬件和软件维护的原则谈起,讨论了硬件和软件维护的内容和方法,着重叙述了软件维护中对程序、数据、信息资料的维护方法和注意内容,针对不同故障做出相应的维护策略,预防为主、防治结合保障系统适应学院发展要求。
最后,我们针对管理信息系统的设计和实现,总结出几点结论,并且对以后系统实施中要面对的困难提出解决途径。非技术因素是影响管理信息系统开发、实施和运行的更为重要的因素。只有重视独立学院综合管理信息系统中的管理思想、组织行为、文化等非技术因素,系统才能适合学院的真正需求,综合管理信息系统才能实现实用性和经济性。
Along with recent development of computer technology, software application and database technology, it is urgent for independent colleges to establish an impeccable and integrated management information system. As theories and applications of management information system has been so mature in business field that to apply these management thoughts and methods to the management of independent colleges is very important. Management information system contains relatively impeccable decision-making supporting function, which can strongly support college leaders to make corresponding decisions.
Based on descriptions of concepts and the model of comprehensive management information system, the thesis aims at application of these fundamental ideas and methods to the undergoing research of management information system for Zhonghuan Information College Tianjin University of Technology. Besides introduction of general considerations, design concept, function design, database design, hardware and software design, it also elaborates on key technical methods, problems encountered in research and development, how to solve those problems and etc. To be more specific, it covers the following aspect.
Firstly, it analyzes information system functions related with student administration from the perspective of comprehensive administration of students so as to form an integrated designing analysis on basis of establishing such a system. Then, analyze those functions that can satisfy requirements of students and teachers within the system. And finally establish a system object model.
Secondly, it introduces the subsystems of the comprehensive management information system with emphasis on such contents as network topology, system design basis, system design strategy, system institution design, system interface design, database planning, database conceptual model design, logical model design and system safety design. Then after completing system design, there are introductions of the operation environment allocation, system layout, and the realization of main functional modules of various subsystems.
Thirdly, as maintenance is an indispensable part to management information system of independent college, this thesis touches upon the principles, contents and methods of hardware and software maintenance. It also lays emphasis on software maintenance methods and guidelines of programme, data and information. According to principle of giving priority to prevention and combining prevention with control , in view of possible malfunctions, corresponding maintenance strategies are devised to adapt to development of the college.
Last but not the least, based on design and realization of the integrated management information system, the thesis comes to some conclusions and discusses difficulties that may encountered during implement of the system as well as possible solutions thereof. We find that it is the non-technical factors that exert more influence on the development, implement and operation of the management information system. Only when we attach importance to the non-technical factors such as management concepts, organization behavior, culture and etc., will the system fit the actual requirements of the college and therefore the comprehensive management information system realize its usefulness and economic efficiency.
本论文的主要目的就是描述这些概念和综合管理信息系统的模型,将这些基本想法和方法应用到正在研究的天津理工大学中环信息学院管理信息系统中。论文对功能设计,数据库设计,硬件和软件设计等方面做了阐述。详细介绍了系统主要的技术方法以及在研发过程中遇到的困难,解决困难所用的方法等。其主要工作包括以下几个方面:
首先,从学生综合管理的角度,对涉及学生管理过程中的信息系统功能进行分析,做到了对系统的整合规划分析。然后,再对统一系统的学生或老师所要满足的功能进行分析,最后建立系统对象模型。
其次,重点介绍综合管理信息系统中各个子系统的网络拓扑结构、系统设计基础、系统设计策略,系统机构设计、系统界面设计和接口设计,数据库规划和数据库概念模型设计、逻辑模型设计、系统安全设计等内容。然后,在系统设计完成后,介绍系统的运行环境配置和系统部署,以及各子系统主要功能模块的实现。再次,独立学院的管理信息系统的维护工作是必不可少的阶段,本文从系统硬件和软件维护的原则谈起,讨论了硬件和软件维护的内容和方法,着重叙述了软件维护中对程序、数据、信息资料的维护方法和注意内容,针对不同故障做出相应的维护策略,预防为主、防治结合保障系统适应学院发展要求。
最后,我们针对管理信息系统的设计和实现,总结出几点结论,并且对以后系统实施中要面对的困难提出解决途径。非技术因素是影响管理信息系统开发、实施和运行的更为重要的因素。只有重视独立学院综合管理信息系统中的管理思想、组织行为、文化等非技术因素,系统才能适合学院的真正需求,综合管理信息系统才能实现实用性和经济性。
Along with recent development of computer technology, software application and database technology, it is urgent for independent colleges to establish an impeccable and integrated management information system. As theories and applications of management information system has been so mature in business field that to apply these management thoughts and methods to the management of independent colleges is very important. Management information system contains relatively impeccable decision-making supporting function, which can strongly support college leaders to make corresponding decisions.
Based on descriptions of concepts and the model of comprehensive management information system, the thesis aims at application of these fundamental ideas and methods to the undergoing research of management information system for Zhonghuan Information College Tianjin University of Technology. Besides introduction of general considerations, design concept, function design, database design, hardware and software design, it also elaborates on key technical methods, problems encountered in research and development, how to solve those problems and etc. To be more specific, it covers the following aspect.
Firstly, it analyzes information system functions related with student administration from the perspective of comprehensive administration of students so as to form an integrated designing analysis on basis of establishing such a system. Then, analyze those functions that can satisfy requirements of students and teachers within the system. And finally establish a system object model.
Secondly, it introduces the subsystems of the comprehensive management information system with emphasis on such contents as network topology, system design basis, system design strategy, system institution design, system interface design, database planning, database conceptual model design, logical model design and system safety design. Then after completing system design, there are introductions of the operation environment allocation, system layout, and the realization of main functional modules of various subsystems.
Thirdly, as maintenance is an indispensable part to management information system of independent college, this thesis touches upon the principles, contents and methods of hardware and software maintenance. It also lays emphasis on software maintenance methods and guidelines of programme, data and information. According to principle of giving priority to prevention and combining prevention with control , in view of possible malfunctions, corresponding maintenance strategies are devised to adapt to development of the college.
Last but not the least, based on design and realization of the integrated management information system, the thesis comes to some conclusions and discusses difficulties that may encountered during implement of the system as well as possible solutions thereof. We find that it is the non-technical factors that exert more influence on the development, implement and operation of the management information system. Only when we attach importance to the non-technical factors such as management concepts, organization behavior, culture and etc., will the system fit the actual requirements of the college and therefore the comprehensive management information system realize its usefulness and economic efficiency.
引文
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[10]王德军,郝永芳,结构化程序设计方法与面向对象的程序设计方法的比较,铁路计算机应用,2003,(12):13-15
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[17]宋雁辉,Windows防火墙与网络包截获技术,电子工业出版社,2003,72-76
[18]周增国,基于UML的独立院校管理信息系统的分析与设计,中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库,哈尔滨工程大学,2007
[19]吴敏,刘晓强,陈家训,基于网络服务的独立院校管理信息系统集成框架,东华大学学报(自然科学版),2004,(2):42-47
[20]周南德,ASP模式多层结构信息技术的研究,计算机应用研究,2004,(4):55-57
[21]哈尔平(美)著,施伯乐,刘国华,陈子军等译,搜索结果信息建模与关系数据库——从概念分析到逻辑设计,北京:电子工业出版社,2004,124-130
[22]邓苏、刘青宝、陈卫东等,数据仓库原理与应用,北京:电子工业出版社,2002,237-238
[23]姚小兰,网络安全管理与技术防护,北京理工大型出版社,2002,223-228
[24]周启海,刘云强,基于PHP、MySQL、Apache的人事管理系统的设计与实现.计算机时代,2004,(8):23-24
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[29]盛其杰,时代独立院校财务管理新模式探索——独立院校财务管理一体化,西北工业大学,2004,2-17
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[32]石双元,网络环境下企业信息结构与组织体系的研究,计算机工程与应用,2001,(2):45-49
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[2]张建军,独立院校信息管理系统的开发与实现,甘肃高师学报,2004,(2):100-102
[3]程建刚,高等教育信息化及数字化校园的建设,清华大学,2005,22-26
[4]周璋鹏,基于B/S结构的学生信息管理系统的研究与开发,西北电力技术,2003,(4):31
[5]张锦高,独立院校独立学院管理信息系统建设的理论与实践,中国地质大学出版社,1997,56-62
[6]苏维佳,独立院校独立学院管理信息系统建设改革研究,[硕士论文],上海:华中师范大学,2003
[7] Shen Derong, Yu Ge, Cao Yu, Kou Yue, Nie Tiezheng. An effective services discovery strategy of services and Position, The Fifth International Conference Computer and Information Technology, 2005, 391-398
[8]罗伟,张熹,姚庆峰,基于B/S结构的研究生三助工作管理信息系统的设计与实现,微电子学与计算机,2006,23(8):108-113
[9]崔伟东,田捷.软件工程方法的演化,工业控制计算机,2002,15(6):34-37
[10]王德军,郝永芳,结构化程序设计方法与面向对象的程序设计方法的比较,铁路计算机应用,2003,(12):13-15
[11]姜火文,软件工程方法的演进,科技广场,2005,(5):114-115
[12]薛华成,管理信息系统,哈尔滨工业大学,1996,68-79
[13]武延军,精通APS网络编程,北京:人民邮电出版社,2000,6-15
[14]周晓聪,面向对象程序设计实践与提高,北京:高等教育出版社,2001,38-51
[15]钟山,应用ASRNET+XML技术建立在线学生录入系统,广西大学梧州分校学报,2005,15(3):96-103
[16]孙小权,邹丽英,网络服务在数字化校园建设中的应用,实验室研究与探索,2005,24(11):49-51
[17]宋雁辉,Windows防火墙与网络包截获技术,电子工业出版社,2003,72-76
[18]周增国,基于UML的独立院校管理信息系统的分析与设计,中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库,哈尔滨工程大学,2007
[19]吴敏,刘晓强,陈家训,基于网络服务的独立院校管理信息系统集成框架,东华大学学报(自然科学版),2004,(2):42-47
[20]周南德,ASP模式多层结构信息技术的研究,计算机应用研究,2004,(4):55-57
[21]哈尔平(美)著,施伯乐,刘国华,陈子军等译,搜索结果信息建模与关系数据库——从概念分析到逻辑设计,北京:电子工业出版社,2004,124-130
[22]邓苏、刘青宝、陈卫东等,数据仓库原理与应用,北京:电子工业出版社,2002,237-238
[23]姚小兰,网络安全管理与技术防护,北京理工大型出版社,2002,223-228
[24]周启海,刘云强,基于PHP、MySQL、Apache的人事管理系统的设计与实现.计算机时代,2004,(8):23-24
[25]雷渭侣,计算机网络应用技术.广州,华南理工大学出版社,2003,7-15
[26]程展鹏,Borland C + + Builder 6应用开发技术解析,北京:清华大学出版社,2003,38-44
[27]葛一楠,李智慧,方宏,奇思异想编程序—C++ Builder篇,北京:国防工业出版社,2004,106-125
[28]李怀军,独立院校人事管理的信息化建设,南京航天航空大学学报,2002, (2):65-67
[29]盛其杰,时代独立院校财务管理新模式探索——独立院校财务管理一体化,西北工业大学,2004,2-17
[30]孙波,网络化财务信息查询系统的设计,电脑开发与应用,2000,25-29
[31]钱圣杰,段宏勇,独立院校数字化校园之学生缴费系统,教育财会研究,2004,(12):78-82
[32]石双元,网络环境下企业信息结构与组织体系的研究,计算机工程与应用,2001,(2):45-49
[33]黄晓涛,基于Browser/网络/DBMS Server的人才管理系统,计算机工程与应用,2000,(7):29-33
[34]吴元保,基于网络数据库应用研究,微机发展,2004,(7):46
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