分布式测控系统建模及其系统实时性研究
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摘要
科学技术的现代化和工农业生产的规模化，计算机技术与通信技术得到了高速发展与广泛应用，出现了将计算机网络通信技术与现代测控技术相结合的分布式测控系统。分布式测控系统实现了测控的现场化、远程化、网络化，其研究成为倍受关注的热点。但是，现有的分布式测控系统的理论研究尚不成熟，其解决方案存在着较大的局限性，技术性能也有待于进一步提高。本论文以四川省教育厅、成都市科技局重点科研项目“网络化测试系统性能评价的建模与验证技术研究”和“基于网络环境的测控系统建模与性能测量研究”为背景，对分布式测控系统的建模、体系结构和实时性等方面进行了理论研究和实践探索。
论文提出了系统EFPS抽象数学模型并应用到分布式测控系统的建模之中。在比较了两种典型对象建模技术的基础上，给出了系统EFPS模型的定义并讨论EFPS模型各要素的内涵，对EFPS模型的优点及所解决的问题进行了分析。对系统EFPS模型的关键要素实体展开讨论，从硬件实体、软件实体和抽象实体的角度，指出实体间的转化关系，并提出EFPS模型的应用中四要素确定原则。论文还用EFPS模型建立了分布式测控系统的描述模型，将分布式测控系统看作一个由各个部分构成的有机整体，从系统结构和运行机理上进行形式化描述，作为分布式测控系统体系结构、实时性能研究的起点。
论文讨论了分布式测控系统的体系结构。分布式测控系统的体系结构依赖于计算机网络体系结构，而现有的计算机网络体系结构用于测控系统已暴露出一些缺陷。论文结合近期开展的新一代网络体系结构研究，第一次使用非层次服务元网络体系结构构建分布式测控系统，研究了基于服务元网络体系结构的分布式测控系统的实现。论文从实时性出发，第一次使用端到端虚电路构建分布式测控系统。端到端虚电路能区别对待网络测控节点间不同端口的数据流，能较好地解决分布式测控系统的实时性、确定性、健壮性等关键指标。
论文研究了分布式测控系统实时性。首先，介绍实时系统及服务质量的基本概念，讨论分布式测控系统实时性的特点及实时模型，提出了实时服务质量RQoS的定义及指标体系，建立了抽象的实时服务质量数学函数并阐述实时服务质量的应用；第二，论文还用OPNET建模仿真工具，对服务元网络体系结构的网络模型、节点模型、各节点的进程模型进行了建模分析，论文的OPNET建模工作，为进一步研究基于服务元网络体系结构分布式测控网络的实时性能打下基础。第三，论文用OPNET建模仿真工具对传统共享式Ethernet、交换式Ethernet、带路由器的分布式测控系统进行实时性仿真实验。在此基础上，对基于服务元网络体系结构的分布式测控系统进行仿真实验并进行对比分析，实验结果表明该方案的正确性及可行性，能很好的提高分布式测控系统的实时性能。
With the modernization of science and technology and the formalization of industry and agriculture production, the technology of computer and communication has obtained the high speed development and widespread application, which has resulted in the distributed measurement and control system based on the technology of network communication and modern measurement and control. The distributed measurement and control system has realized the present, remote and network of measurement and control, which becomes the focus spot. However, the existing theory fundamental of distributed measurement and control system is still not mature, its' solution has some limitation and the technical performance also needs being further enhanced. Taking the Sichuan education department, the Chengdu Science and technology Bureau key scientific research item "the research on measurement and control system modeling and confirmation technology based on network measurement system performance evaluation" and "the research on measurement and control system modeling and performance survey based on the network environment" as background, this dissertation studies the theory and practices exploration of system modeling, architecture and real-time of distributed measurement and control system.
This dissertation proposes the abstract mathematical model of EFPS, and applies it in the modeling of distributional measurement and control system. Based on comparison with two kinds of typical object modeling technology, this dissertation gives the definition of EFPS model and discusses each element of EFPS model, analyses the virtues and the solved problems of EFPS model. Launching the discussion on the key factors of EFPS model, which is the hardware entity, the software entity and the abstract entity, this dissertation pointes out the transformed relations between entities, and proposes the application for the four essential elements confirmation principle of EFPS model. At the same time, the dissertation has established the description model of distributed measurement and control system by the aid of the EFPS model, which regards the distributed measurement and control system as an organic whole that is made of each part of constitution, carries on the formalization description from the system structure and the mechanism, and becomes the research basis of distributed measurement and control system architecture, the real-time performance.
This dissertation discusses the architecture of distributed measurement and control system. The architecture of distributed measurement and control system relies on the architecture of computer network; however, the existing architecture of computer network that applies in measurement and control system expose a lot of flaws. Combining with the resent research of network architecture, this dissertation first employs non-level Service Unit Network Architecture to build the distributed measurement and control system, and studies the realization of distributed measurement and control system based on the Service Unit based Network Architecture. For the real-time performance, the virtual circuit between ports is firstly used to build the distributed measurement and control system. The virtual circuit between ports can distinctively processes data streams from different ports between network measurement and control nodes, can preferably resolves several key indicators such as real-time, confirmation, robustness of distributed measurement and control system.
This dissertation studies the real-time of distributed measurement and control system. Firstly, this dissertation introduces the basic concepts about real-time system and quality of service, discusses the real-time features and models of distributed measurement and control system, gives the definition of RQoS and the index systems, establishes the abstract real-time service functions and discusses the applications of real-time quality of service. Secondly, by using the modeling simulation tool of OPNET, this dissertation analyses the network model, node model and per node's process model of Service Unit based Network Architecture, compares the node model based on the Service Unit based Network Architecture the modeling of OPNET builds the foundation for further studying the real-time performance of distributed measurement and control system based on the Service Unit based Network Architecture. Thirdly, by using the modeling simulation tool of OPNET, this dissertation carries on the real-time simulation experiment and analysis based on traditional Ethernet of sharing type, Ethernet of exchange type and the distributed measurement and control system with router. Taking this as the foundation, this dissertation carries on simulation experiment based on the distributed measurement and control system of Service Unit based Network Architecture and comparative analysis, which confirms the accuracy and feasibility of this schema, and can enhance the real-time performance of distributed measurement and control system.
论文提出了系统EFPS抽象数学模型并应用到分布式测控系统的建模之中。在比较了两种典型对象建模技术的基础上，给出了系统EFPS模型的定义并讨论EFPS模型各要素的内涵，对EFPS模型的优点及所解决的问题进行了分析。对系统EFPS模型的关键要素实体展开讨论，从硬件实体、软件实体和抽象实体的角度，指出实体间的转化关系，并提出EFPS模型的应用中四要素确定原则。论文还用EFPS模型建立了分布式测控系统的描述模型，将分布式测控系统看作一个由各个部分构成的有机整体，从系统结构和运行机理上进行形式化描述，作为分布式测控系统体系结构、实时性能研究的起点。
论文讨论了分布式测控系统的体系结构。分布式测控系统的体系结构依赖于计算机网络体系结构，而现有的计算机网络体系结构用于测控系统已暴露出一些缺陷。论文结合近期开展的新一代网络体系结构研究，第一次使用非层次服务元网络体系结构构建分布式测控系统，研究了基于服务元网络体系结构的分布式测控系统的实现。论文从实时性出发，第一次使用端到端虚电路构建分布式测控系统。端到端虚电路能区别对待网络测控节点间不同端口的数据流，能较好地解决分布式测控系统的实时性、确定性、健壮性等关键指标。
论文研究了分布式测控系统实时性。首先，介绍实时系统及服务质量的基本概念，讨论分布式测控系统实时性的特点及实时模型，提出了实时服务质量RQoS的定义及指标体系，建立了抽象的实时服务质量数学函数并阐述实时服务质量的应用；第二，论文还用OPNET建模仿真工具，对服务元网络体系结构的网络模型、节点模型、各节点的进程模型进行了建模分析，论文的OPNET建模工作，为进一步研究基于服务元网络体系结构分布式测控网络的实时性能打下基础。第三，论文用OPNET建模仿真工具对传统共享式Ethernet、交换式Ethernet、带路由器的分布式测控系统进行实时性仿真实验。在此基础上，对基于服务元网络体系结构的分布式测控系统进行仿真实验并进行对比分析，实验结果表明该方案的正确性及可行性，能很好的提高分布式测控系统的实时性能。
With the modernization of science and technology and the formalization of industry and agriculture production, the technology of computer and communication has obtained the high speed development and widespread application, which has resulted in the distributed measurement and control system based on the technology of network communication and modern measurement and control. The distributed measurement and control system has realized the present, remote and network of measurement and control, which becomes the focus spot. However, the existing theory fundamental of distributed measurement and control system is still not mature, its' solution has some limitation and the technical performance also needs being further enhanced. Taking the Sichuan education department, the Chengdu Science and technology Bureau key scientific research item "the research on measurement and control system modeling and confirmation technology based on network measurement system performance evaluation" and "the research on measurement and control system modeling and performance survey based on the network environment" as background, this dissertation studies the theory and practices exploration of system modeling, architecture and real-time of distributed measurement and control system.
This dissertation proposes the abstract mathematical model of EFPS, and applies it in the modeling of distributional measurement and control system. Based on comparison with two kinds of typical object modeling technology, this dissertation gives the definition of EFPS model and discusses each element of EFPS model, analyses the virtues and the solved problems of EFPS model. Launching the discussion on the key factors of EFPS model, which is the hardware entity, the software entity and the abstract entity, this dissertation pointes out the transformed relations between entities, and proposes the application for the four essential elements confirmation principle of EFPS model. At the same time, the dissertation has established the description model of distributed measurement and control system by the aid of the EFPS model, which regards the distributed measurement and control system as an organic whole that is made of each part of constitution, carries on the formalization description from the system structure and the mechanism, and becomes the research basis of distributed measurement and control system architecture, the real-time performance.
This dissertation discusses the architecture of distributed measurement and control system. The architecture of distributed measurement and control system relies on the architecture of computer network; however, the existing architecture of computer network that applies in measurement and control system expose a lot of flaws. Combining with the resent research of network architecture, this dissertation first employs non-level Service Unit Network Architecture to build the distributed measurement and control system, and studies the realization of distributed measurement and control system based on the Service Unit based Network Architecture. For the real-time performance, the virtual circuit between ports is firstly used to build the distributed measurement and control system. The virtual circuit between ports can distinctively processes data streams from different ports between network measurement and control nodes, can preferably resolves several key indicators such as real-time, confirmation, robustness of distributed measurement and control system.
This dissertation studies the real-time of distributed measurement and control system. Firstly, this dissertation introduces the basic concepts about real-time system and quality of service, discusses the real-time features and models of distributed measurement and control system, gives the definition of RQoS and the index systems, establishes the abstract real-time service functions and discusses the applications of real-time quality of service. Secondly, by using the modeling simulation tool of OPNET, this dissertation analyses the network model, node model and per node's process model of Service Unit based Network Architecture, compares the node model based on the Service Unit based Network Architecture the modeling of OPNET builds the foundation for further studying the real-time performance of distributed measurement and control system based on the Service Unit based Network Architecture. Thirdly, by using the modeling simulation tool of OPNET, this dissertation carries on the real-time simulation experiment and analysis based on traditional Ethernet of sharing type, Ethernet of exchange type and the distributed measurement and control system with router. Taking this as the foundation, this dissertation carries on simulation experiment based on the distributed measurement and control system of Service Unit based Network Architecture and comparative analysis, which confirms the accuracy and feasibility of this schema, and can enhance the real-time performance of distributed measurement and control system.
引文
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