轿车车身内部布置的专家系统开发初探
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摘要
本课题在总结分析轿车车身内部布置的基础上，以CATIA V5软件为平台，辅助以Visual Basic为开发工具，基于专家系统的工程设计方法，编制了关于轿车车身内部布置设计的专用软件系统。在轿车车身内部布置设计中应用该系统，具有重要的现实意义。
该系统采用CATIA V5标准界面，具有很强的人机对话能力，操作使用方便，其主要内容包括：适宜驾驶员H点、二维人体样板、眼椭球、头廓包络面、驾驶员手伸及界面等车身内部布置的基础设计图形工具，以及基于专家系统方法的车身内部基础布置设计等。
论文中阐述了专家系统和一般设计软件的不同，总结和分析了轿车车身内部基础布置设计的方法，借助于基础设计图形工具开发了基于专家系统的轿车车身内部布置设计的软件系统，论述了系统的设计思想和方法，总结了系统中的各模块运作形式，给出了轿车内部布置的基础设计模块的建立方法；最后结合三九汽车公司技术开发部的微型轿车项目以及某汽车研究所开发的新车型，就软件系统的实用性和可靠性进行了检验，结果令人满意。
Based on summarizing and analysis of auto-body internal layout, supported by CATIA V5 software and aided by Visual Basic and Expert System based engineering, this project developed a set of special software system to help the auto-body internal layout .Application of this system to auto-body interior design can be easy and efficient and has practical significance.
The system uses CATIA V5 standard interface and is good of man-computer interaction. Its functions include such basal design graphic tools: driver’s comfortable H point, 2D human model establishment, eye ellipsoid, head envelop surface, driver’s hand reach etc, and also internal layout based the method of Expert System.
Expert System in this paper differs from ordinary design software. It exponds and summarizes the design method of car body car body internal layout, by the aid of basal design graphic tools, the software system of Expert System based body interior layout was developed, design idea and method of the system were discussed, operation of the modules in the system were summarized, the way of the establishment of basal design modules used in car body interior was given. At last, combining with the mini-car project of the Technical Department of 999 Auto Group Co. Ltd and a new car project of a car research institute, this system was put to check its practicality and feasibility. The result was satisfactory.
该系统采用CATIA V5标准界面，具有很强的人机对话能力，操作使用方便，其主要内容包括：适宜驾驶员H点、二维人体样板、眼椭球、头廓包络面、驾驶员手伸及界面等车身内部布置的基础设计图形工具，以及基于专家系统方法的车身内部基础布置设计等。
论文中阐述了专家系统和一般设计软件的不同，总结和分析了轿车车身内部基础布置设计的方法，借助于基础设计图形工具开发了基于专家系统的轿车车身内部布置设计的软件系统，论述了系统的设计思想和方法，总结了系统中的各模块运作形式，给出了轿车内部布置的基础设计模块的建立方法；最后结合三九汽车公司技术开发部的微型轿车项目以及某汽车研究所开发的新车型，就软件系统的实用性和可靠性进行了检验，结果令人满意。
Based on summarizing and analysis of auto-body internal layout, supported by CATIA V5 software and aided by Visual Basic and Expert System based engineering, this project developed a set of special software system to help the auto-body internal layout .Application of this system to auto-body interior design can be easy and efficient and has practical significance.
The system uses CATIA V5 standard interface and is good of man-computer interaction. Its functions include such basal design graphic tools: driver’s comfortable H point, 2D human model establishment, eye ellipsoid, head envelop surface, driver’s hand reach etc, and also internal layout based the method of Expert System.
Expert System in this paper differs from ordinary design software. It exponds and summarizes the design method of car body car body internal layout, by the aid of basal design graphic tools, the software system of Expert System based body interior layout was developed, design idea and method of the system were discussed, operation of the modules in the system were summarized, the way of the establishment of basal design modules used in car body interior was given. At last, combining with the mini-car project of the Technical Department of 999 Auto Group Co. Ltd and a new car project of a car research institute, this system was put to check its practicality and feasibility. The result was satisfactory.
引文
邬晴晖, 郭竹亭.国内外车身设计技术差距.汽车技术,1999,(8):14-16
吴泉源, 刘江宁.人工智能与专家系统.长沙:国防科技大学出版社,1998:36-44
尹朝庆, 尹皓.人工智能与专家系统.北京:中国水利出版社,2002:134-137
朱福喜, 汤怡群, 傅建明.人工智能原理.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2002:201-203
愈瑞钊, 史济建.人工智能原理与技术.杭州:浙江大学出版社,1993:282-294
徐序彦.人工智能及其应用.北京:电子工业出版社,1988:160-162
田盛丰.人工智能原理与应用.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1993:314-318
金顺爱, 郑伟.汽油机射流燃烧室的专家系统设计.车用发动机,1999,(5):14-16
缪毅.汽车发动机缸套活塞环设计专家系统的研究与实现.重庆交通学院学报,1994,(5):48-53
杨有亮.用专家系统优化设计渐开线花键拉刀.汽车工艺与材料,1994,(2):31-34
林卫, 苏智剑, 周瑾, 等.汽车离合器设计专家系统研究.汽车研究与开发,1999, (3):19-21
吴卫东, 闵新力.用专家系统方法进行汽车夹具的自动化设计.机械工程师,1999,(12):36-39
裘真.基于知识的轿车车身内部布置.[吉林工业大学工学硕士论文],1998:15-63
王镝.基于知识的车门布置设计CAD系统初探.[吉林工业大学工学硕士论文], 1999:2-3
于多年.基于网络环境的汽车座椅开发系统的研制.汽车研究与开发,2002, (1): 18-20
李玉璇, 林忠钦, 金先龙.客车车身虚拟开发系统的建立及其应用.汽车研究与开发,2002,(2):19-22
陈南, 孙庆鸿.复杂曲面汽车车身设计可视化网络开发环境的实现.汽车工程,2001,(2):143-145
于春生, 朱正林.轻型客车车身结构设计CAD/CAE信息集成系统.汽车工程,2000,(2):125-128
张君媛, 刘震.汽车车门数据库系统的研究与开发.汽车技术,2002,(4):14-15
尤春风.CATIA V5机械设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2003:1-3
尤春风.CATIA V5曲面造型.北京:清华大学出版社,2003:2-4
SAE J1516 DEC98. Accommodation Tool Reference Point. SAE Hand Book,2002, (2):34341-34344
SAE J1517 DEC1998. Driver Selected Seat Position. SAE Hand Book,2002, (3): 34345-34346
吕景华.轿车人体工程设计一般研究方法的研究.汽车技术,2002,(10):1-5
温吾凡.汽车人体工程学.长春:吉林科学技术出版社,1991:13-16
SAE J826 JUL95 Devices for Use in Defining and Measuring Vehicle Seating Accommodation,SAE Hand Book.2002,(3):34111-34118
占建云, 任金东.一种新型汽车布置设计的人体模型介绍.汽车研究与开发,2002,(4):28-30
刘春荣, 夏宏.面向汽车设计的人体建模系统关键技术.汽车研究与开发, 2001,(5):21-24
SAE J941 SEP2002.Motor Vehicle Drivers’ Eye locations. SAE Hand Book,2003, (3): 34292-34145
SAE J1050 AUG94.Describing and Measuring the Driver’ s Field of View.SAE Hand Book,2002,(3):34290-34297
SAE J985 DEC2002.Vision Factors Considerations in Rearview Mirror Design.SAE Hand Book,2003,(3):34163-34156
SAE J942 JUN99.Passenger Car Windshield Washer Systems. SAE Hand Book, 2002,(3):3417-3419
SAE J903 MAY99.Passenger Car Windshield Wiper Systems. SAE Hand Book, 2002,(3):3405-3409
SAE J1100 FEB2001.Motor Vehicle Dimensions. SAE Hand Book,2002,(3): 34144-34177
SAE J198 AUG2000.Windshield Wiper Systems-Trucks, Buses, and Multipurpose Vehicles. SAE Hand Book,2003,(3):3413-3423
SAE J941 JUN97.Motor Vehicle Drivers’ Eye Locations. SAE Hand Book,2002, (3): 34284-34290
SAE J1052 APR97.Motor Vehicle Driver and Passenger Head Position.
SAE Hand Book,2002,(3):34310-34314
SAE J287 JUN1988.Driver Hand Control Reach. SAE Hand Book,2003,(3): 34184-34217
ISO 3598.Driver Hand Control Reach.ISO,2002,(3):35410-35422
周定陆, 杜子学.汽车总布置设计应考虑的问题.汽车研究与开发,2001,(2):23-26
黄金陵, 龚礼洲, 葛安林.车身布置中H点的优化.汽车工程,2000,(6):368-372
SAE 960551. Automobile Conceptual “Design Support System”. SAE Paper. 2002, (3): 36148-36150
乐玉汉.轿车车身设计.北京:高等教育出版社,2000:88-101
SAE J826 JUN2002.H-point Machine and Design Tool Procedures and Specifications. SAE Hand Book,2003,(3):34112-34127
SAE 930113.More Objectives Tools for the Integration of Postural Comfort in Automotive Seat Design. SAE Paper,2002,(3):34155-34157
SAE 750356.Describing the Driver’s Workspace Eye, Head, Knee, and Seat Position. SAE Paper,2002,(3):37121-37125
吴凤霞, 左玉林.计及眼睛和头部转动的汽车视野作图确定法.汽车技术.1986,(10):17-22
温吾凡, 左玉林.人眼视觉于汽车后视镜设计.汽车技术,1986,(2):26-39
傅京孙, 蔡自兴, 徐光佑.人工智能及其引用.北京:清华大学出版社,1987:248-249
冯培恩, 刘瑾.专家系统.北京:机械工业出版社,1993:58-75
王克宏.知识工程与知识处理系统.北京:清华大学出版社,1994:121-122
王万森.用面向对象开发专家系统的研究.微机发展,1995,(2):70-73
丁良旭, 徐宗俊, 郭钢.基于知识工程的客车造型参数化设计研究.汽车技术, 2002(11):14-17
张君媛, 黄金陵, 魏天伶.基于知识的设计系统中数据库系统的开发.吉林大学学报, 2002,(3):61-64
龚礼洲, 黄金陵, 张君媛, 等.面向对象技术在基于知识的工程系统开发中的应用.汽车工程,2000,(3):183-186
Dale Calkins.Learning All about Knowledge-based Engineering. Product Design and Development,1996,(9):59-63
S.P. Geoffrey.A 2-D Manikin the Inside Story. SAE Automotive Congress Detroit, 1961,(1):72-76
吴泉源, 刘江宁.人工智能与专家系统.长沙:国防科技大学出版社,1998:36-44
尹朝庆, 尹皓.人工智能与专家系统.北京:中国水利出版社,2002:134-137
朱福喜, 汤怡群, 傅建明.人工智能原理.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2002:201-203
愈瑞钊, 史济建.人工智能原理与技术.杭州:浙江大学出版社,1993:282-294
徐序彦.人工智能及其应用.北京:电子工业出版社,1988:160-162
田盛丰.人工智能原理与应用.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1993:314-318
金顺爱, 郑伟.汽油机射流燃烧室的专家系统设计.车用发动机,1999,(5):14-16
缪毅.汽车发动机缸套活塞环设计专家系统的研究与实现.重庆交通学院学报,1994,(5):48-53
杨有亮.用专家系统优化设计渐开线花键拉刀.汽车工艺与材料,1994,(2):31-34
林卫, 苏智剑, 周瑾, 等.汽车离合器设计专家系统研究.汽车研究与开发,1999, (3):19-21
吴卫东, 闵新力.用专家系统方法进行汽车夹具的自动化设计.机械工程师,1999,(12):36-39
裘真.基于知识的轿车车身内部布置.[吉林工业大学工学硕士论文],1998:15-63
王镝.基于知识的车门布置设计CAD系统初探.[吉林工业大学工学硕士论文], 1999:2-3
于多年.基于网络环境的汽车座椅开发系统的研制.汽车研究与开发,2002, (1): 18-20
李玉璇, 林忠钦, 金先龙.客车车身虚拟开发系统的建立及其应用.汽车研究与开发,2002,(2):19-22
陈南, 孙庆鸿.复杂曲面汽车车身设计可视化网络开发环境的实现.汽车工程,2001,(2):143-145
于春生, 朱正林.轻型客车车身结构设计CAD/CAE信息集成系统.汽车工程,2000,(2):125-128
张君媛, 刘震.汽车车门数据库系统的研究与开发.汽车技术,2002,(4):14-15
尤春风.CATIA V5机械设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2003:1-3
尤春风.CATIA V5曲面造型.北京:清华大学出版社,2003:2-4
SAE J1516 DEC98. Accommodation Tool Reference Point. SAE Hand Book,2002, (2):34341-34344
SAE J1517 DEC1998. Driver Selected Seat Position. SAE Hand Book,2002, (3): 34345-34346
吕景华.轿车人体工程设计一般研究方法的研究.汽车技术,2002,(10):1-5
温吾凡.汽车人体工程学.长春:吉林科学技术出版社,1991:13-16
SAE J826 JUL95 Devices for Use in Defining and Measuring Vehicle Seating Accommodation,SAE Hand Book.2002,(3):34111-34118
占建云, 任金东.一种新型汽车布置设计的人体模型介绍.汽车研究与开发,2002,(4):28-30
刘春荣, 夏宏.面向汽车设计的人体建模系统关键技术.汽车研究与开发, 2001,(5):21-24
SAE J941 SEP2002.Motor Vehicle Drivers’ Eye locations. SAE Hand Book,2003, (3): 34292-34145
SAE J1050 AUG94.Describing and Measuring the Driver’ s Field of View.SAE Hand Book,2002,(3):34290-34297
SAE J985 DEC2002.Vision Factors Considerations in Rearview Mirror Design.SAE Hand Book,2003,(3):34163-34156
SAE J942 JUN99.Passenger Car Windshield Washer Systems. SAE Hand Book, 2002,(3):3417-3419
SAE J903 MAY99.Passenger Car Windshield Wiper Systems. SAE Hand Book, 2002,(3):3405-3409
SAE J1100 FEB2001.Motor Vehicle Dimensions. SAE Hand Book,2002,(3): 34144-34177
SAE J198 AUG2000.Windshield Wiper Systems-Trucks, Buses, and Multipurpose Vehicles. SAE Hand Book,2003,(3):3413-3423
SAE J941 JUN97.Motor Vehicle Drivers’ Eye Locations. SAE Hand Book,2002, (3): 34284-34290
SAE J1052 APR97.Motor Vehicle Driver and Passenger Head Position.
SAE Hand Book,2002,(3):34310-34314
SAE J287 JUN1988.Driver Hand Control Reach. SAE Hand Book,2003,(3): 34184-34217
ISO 3598.Driver Hand Control Reach.ISO,2002,(3):35410-35422
周定陆, 杜子学.汽车总布置设计应考虑的问题.汽车研究与开发,2001,(2):23-26
黄金陵, 龚礼洲, 葛安林.车身布置中H点的优化.汽车工程,2000,(6):368-372
SAE 960551. Automobile Conceptual “Design Support System”. SAE Paper. 2002, (3): 36148-36150
乐玉汉.轿车车身设计.北京:高等教育出版社,2000:88-101
SAE J826 JUN2002.H-point Machine and Design Tool Procedures and Specifications. SAE Hand Book,2003,(3):34112-34127
SAE 930113.More Objectives Tools for the Integration of Postural Comfort in Automotive Seat Design. SAE Paper,2002,(3):34155-34157
SAE 750356.Describing the Driver’s Workspace Eye, Head, Knee, and Seat Position. SAE Paper,2002,(3):37121-37125
吴凤霞, 左玉林.计及眼睛和头部转动的汽车视野作图确定法.汽车技术.1986,(10):17-22
温吾凡, 左玉林.人眼视觉于汽车后视镜设计.汽车技术,1986,(2):26-39
傅京孙, 蔡自兴, 徐光佑.人工智能及其引用.北京:清华大学出版社,1987:248-249
冯培恩, 刘瑾.专家系统.北京:机械工业出版社,1993:58-75
王克宏.知识工程与知识处理系统.北京:清华大学出版社,1994:121-122
王万森.用面向对象开发专家系统的研究.微机发展,1995,(2):70-73
丁良旭, 徐宗俊, 郭钢.基于知识工程的客车造型参数化设计研究.汽车技术, 2002(11):14-17
张君媛, 黄金陵, 魏天伶.基于知识的设计系统中数据库系统的开发.吉林大学学报, 2002,(3):61-64
龚礼洲, 黄金陵, 张君媛, 等.面向对象技术在基于知识的工程系统开发中的应用.汽车工程,2000,(3):183-186
Dale Calkins.Learning All about Knowledge-based Engineering. Product Design and Development,1996,(9):59-63
S.P. Geoffrey.A 2-D Manikin the Inside Story. SAE Automotive Congress Detroit, 1961,(1):72-76