六西格玛在G医药物流公司冷链配送流程优化中的应用研究
|
摘要
我国制药行业近年来发展迅速,尤其是以疫苗、血液制品等为代表的冷藏药品冷链物流发展较快,为冷藏药品冷链物流的发展带来了较大发展空间。冷链物流作为一种特殊的供应链形式,整个供应链流程各环节都要保证处于规定的低温环境中。药品冷链配送必须保证流程的连续性和准确性,以保证药品质量、减少药品损耗为目标。
G医药物流有限公司是专业的医药物流企业,在国内的医药物流行业处于领先地位。冷链物流部主要负责冷藏药品的仓储和配送业务,是公司的主要利润来源,但是冷链配送的误差一直影响冷藏药品的质量和有效性。本文基于G公司的冷链物流部存在的问题,利用六西格玛管理的各种方法和工具对其进行分析和解决。
本文首先对我国现有的药品冷链物流发展现状进行了分析和总结,阐述了论文的研究意义,并对该领域的研究状况进行了总结。接下来介绍了该篇论文涉及的理论,包括这些理论的基本思想、基础理论、使用的工具和方法。在理论的指导下,结合G公司冷链物流部的实际情况,分析了冷链配送的现状和存在的问题,以及使用六西格玛DMAIC方法的必要性。针对存在的问题,利用六西格玛DMAIC方法进行分析和改进。最后对改进效果进行了评价,得出实施改进对冷链配送的影响。
项目在实施过程中发现影响冷链物流部运营状况的最主要因素是配送误差,本文的研究重点是根据该部门2011年前十个月的误差数据,利用六西格玛的工具和方法,找出影响这些误差的关键因素,分析出误差产生的主要原因,针对误差产生的主要原因实施改进,控制改进效果,确保配送流程得到真正的改进和优化。
冷链配送流程实施改进后,对改进的效果进行评价,证实使用六西格玛DMAIC对冷链配送流程进行优化,能够实现该部门制定的配送目标。同时,也证明了G公司冷链配送使用六西格玛管理的有效性。
In recent years, China's medicines industry has the rapid development, in particular the rapid development of vaccines, blood products and other cold medicines. It brings the larger space for the development during the cold chain logistics of cold medicines. As a special form of the supply chain, each link of the entire cold chain process must ensure that in the low-temperature environment. Medicine cold chain distribution must ensure continuity and accuracy of the process to ensure that the quality of drugs, reduce drug loss.
G Medicine Logistics Co., Ltd. is a specialized medicine logistics enterprise, in a leading position in the country's pharmaceutical logistics industry. Cold chain logistics department is mainly responsible for the warehousing and distribution operations of the cold medicines. It's the company's main source of profits, but the cold-chain distribution of the error has affected the quality and effectiveness of cold medicines. Based on G's ministry of cold chain logistics problems in using a variety of methods and tools of Six Sigma to analyze and solve.
Firstly, our existing development status of medicine cold chain logistics analysis and summary on the significance of the paper and summarized the status of research in the field. Next, the theories of the paper involved, including the basic idea of these theories, the basic theory, the use of tools and methods. Under the guidance of the theory, the combination of company G of the actual situation of the ministry of cold chain logistics, cold chain distribution of the current situation and existing problems, as well as the need to use the Six Sigma DMAIC methodology to analyze and improve the existing problems. Finally, the improvement effect was evaluated to come to the implementation to improve the cold chain distribution.
The cold chain logistics, operational status of the most important factor is the distribution error, this article focuses on the error data according to the department in the first ten months of2011. Use Six Sigma tools and methods to identify the most critical factors affecting these errors, analysis of the main causes of error, the main reason for the error, the implementation of improved control improved results, to ensure that the distribution process improvements and optimization.
Implementation of the improvement of cold chain distribution process, the effect of improved evaluation confirmed using the Six Sigma DMAIC cold chain distribution process is optimized to achieve the distribution goals of the department. At the same time, it also proves the effectiveness of Six Sigma management of cold chain distribution used in G Company.
G医药物流有限公司是专业的医药物流企业,在国内的医药物流行业处于领先地位。冷链物流部主要负责冷藏药品的仓储和配送业务,是公司的主要利润来源,但是冷链配送的误差一直影响冷藏药品的质量和有效性。本文基于G公司的冷链物流部存在的问题,利用六西格玛管理的各种方法和工具对其进行分析和解决。
本文首先对我国现有的药品冷链物流发展现状进行了分析和总结,阐述了论文的研究意义,并对该领域的研究状况进行了总结。接下来介绍了该篇论文涉及的理论,包括这些理论的基本思想、基础理论、使用的工具和方法。在理论的指导下,结合G公司冷链物流部的实际情况,分析了冷链配送的现状和存在的问题,以及使用六西格玛DMAIC方法的必要性。针对存在的问题,利用六西格玛DMAIC方法进行分析和改进。最后对改进效果进行了评价,得出实施改进对冷链配送的影响。
项目在实施过程中发现影响冷链物流部运营状况的最主要因素是配送误差,本文的研究重点是根据该部门2011年前十个月的误差数据,利用六西格玛的工具和方法,找出影响这些误差的关键因素,分析出误差产生的主要原因,针对误差产生的主要原因实施改进,控制改进效果,确保配送流程得到真正的改进和优化。
冷链配送流程实施改进后,对改进的效果进行评价,证实使用六西格玛DMAIC对冷链配送流程进行优化,能够实现该部门制定的配送目标。同时,也证明了G公司冷链配送使用六西格玛管理的有效性。
In recent years, China's medicines industry has the rapid development, in particular the rapid development of vaccines, blood products and other cold medicines. It brings the larger space for the development during the cold chain logistics of cold medicines. As a special form of the supply chain, each link of the entire cold chain process must ensure that in the low-temperature environment. Medicine cold chain distribution must ensure continuity and accuracy of the process to ensure that the quality of drugs, reduce drug loss.
G Medicine Logistics Co., Ltd. is a specialized medicine logistics enterprise, in a leading position in the country's pharmaceutical logistics industry. Cold chain logistics department is mainly responsible for the warehousing and distribution operations of the cold medicines. It's the company's main source of profits, but the cold-chain distribution of the error has affected the quality and effectiveness of cold medicines. Based on G's ministry of cold chain logistics problems in using a variety of methods and tools of Six Sigma to analyze and solve.
Firstly, our existing development status of medicine cold chain logistics analysis and summary on the significance of the paper and summarized the status of research in the field. Next, the theories of the paper involved, including the basic idea of these theories, the basic theory, the use of tools and methods. Under the guidance of the theory, the combination of company G of the actual situation of the ministry of cold chain logistics, cold chain distribution of the current situation and existing problems, as well as the need to use the Six Sigma DMAIC methodology to analyze and improve the existing problems. Finally, the improvement effect was evaluated to come to the implementation to improve the cold chain distribution.
The cold chain logistics, operational status of the most important factor is the distribution error, this article focuses on the error data according to the department in the first ten months of2011. Use Six Sigma tools and methods to identify the most critical factors affecting these errors, analysis of the main causes of error, the main reason for the error, the implementation of improved control improved results, to ensure that the distribution process improvements and optimization.
Implementation of the improvement of cold chain distribution process, the effect of improved evaluation confirmed using the Six Sigma DMAIC cold chain distribution process is optimized to achieve the distribution goals of the department. At the same time, it also proves the effectiveness of Six Sigma management of cold chain distribution used in G Company.
引文
[1]Michael Hammer and James Champy. Reengineering the Corporation:A Mani fest o for Business Revolution. Harper Collins Publishers,1993.62-65
[2]N.Sutcliffe. Leadership behavior and business process reengineering (BPR) outcomes. An empirical analysis of 30 BPR projects, Information Management,1999,36 (5):273-286
[3]Dag Naslund. Lean, six sigma and lean sigma:fads or real process improvement methods?, Business Process Management Journal,2008,14 (3):269-287
[4]Bao Jiang. A Model of Distribution Center Productivity Improvement with Application of Lean Six Sigma Methodology "snu.ac.kr,2007,19 (2):45-47
[5]DU Dong.6σBPR:BPR Based on 6σ,East China Economic Management,2008,22 (10):95-97
[6]E.Cheriyan. Monitoring the vaccine cold chain, Archives of disease in childhood,1993,69 (10):600-601
[7]Andrew Wawryk. Electronic monitoring of vaccine cold chain in ametropolitan area. BMJ.1997,15(3):518
[8]James Cheyne.Vaccine Delivery Management, Clinical Infectious Diseases,1989,11(3): 617-622.
[9]Tom Kevan. Control of the cold chain,Frontline Solutions,2005,9(6):30-33
[10]R.L. Jones. The blood supply chain, from donor to patient:a call for greater understanding leading to more effective strategies for managing the blood supply. Transfusion, 2003,43(2):132-134
[11]K.Katsaliaki. Using simulation to improve the blood supply chain, Journal of the Operational Research Society,2007,58(15):219-227
[12]孔建.从疫苗生产厂到接种者的冷链系统：实验与经验[J].国外医学,1993(3)：43-45.
[13]姜淑梅,周翠兰.浅谈冷链系统在疫苗接种免疫成功中的作用[J].中国社区医师(综合版),2006(13)：78-79.
[14]白美丽.疫苗的冷链运输与保存[J].中国临床医生,2006(5)：112-113.
[15]斯樊锋,姜志勇.中国疫苗冷藏链中的牛鞭效应[J].物流技术,2004(11)：156-158.
[16]唐燕,朱海燕,罗齐.VMI在疫苗冷链物流中的应用研究[J].物流科技,2008(06)：27-29.
[17]NEC信息系统(中国)有限公司.泰凌医药的疫苗实时冷链管理系统[J].物流技术与应用,2007(6)：64-65.
[18]李静旗,张丽,宫本兰.冷链对新鲜冰冻血浆FⅧ活性的影响[J].临床输血与检 验,2003(3)：25-27.
[19]王洪波,高华,周菁.血液冷链终端设备使用现状及改进措施的探讨[J].北京医学,2008(4)：58-60.
[20]蒋富生.加强血液冷链管理,预防输血事故发生[J].临床输血与检验,2000(1)：46-47.
[21]易静薇,张春颖,王栋等.我国冷藏药品冷链物流的现状及问题研究[J].物流科技,2009(8)：77-80.
[22]康永娟.医药品冷链物流发展策略探析[J].商业现代化,2009(19)：31-34.
[23]葛立清,张静超,吴艳云.关于我国药品冷链物流服务模式的研究[J].中国商界(上半月),2010(5)：52-54.
[24]钟秀英.我国药品冷链物流现状、成因与发展策略分析[J].中国市场,2012(2)：36-18.
[25]曾凤章,焦明朋.6σ管理以流程为基础的现代管理方法论[J].四川兵工学报,2003(4)：93-95.
[26]李启文,梁工谦,胡剑波,路艳.全面质量管理和6σ协同的业务流程管理方法研究[J].现代制造工程,2008(5)：131-133.
[27]郑海浪.冷链物流的优化[J].中国储运,2004(4)：49-51.
[28]许玮琳.N公司烟草销售物流流程优化研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].四川：电子科技大学,2011.
[29]罗超平.XX医药集团销售物流流程再造研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].重庆：西南大学,2009.
[30]岳建秋.供应链管理环境下包钢采购物流优化问题的研究与应用[D]:[硕士学位论文].辽宁：东北大学,2007.
[31]罗莉.金佰利公司物流管理优化研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].上海：复旦大学,2008.
[32]胡军珠.北京Y公司蔬菜冷链运输流程优化研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].北京：北京交通大学,2009.
[33]梁露丝.广东XX物流公司药品冷链的流程分析与优化研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].广东：华南理工大学,2010.
[34]李华,曹莉.陕西省疫苗经营企业冷链物流管理存在的问题与建议[J].西北药学杂志,2011(2)：61-62.
[35]刘涛.药品冷链物流系统安全性评价[D]：[硕士学位论文].辽宁：大连海事大学,2011.
[36]刘俊齐.医药冷链物流质量管理模式研究[D]：[硕士学位论文].湖北：武汉理工大学,2011.
[37]吴加娣,徐宏宇.医院药品冷链管理的探讨[J].中国药房,2011(5)：420-422.
[38]彭宏涛.六西格玛DMAIC方法在联邦快递的应用研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].上海华东师范大学,2011.
[39]李贵哲.物流一体化中的物流流程优化与实施方法研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].湖北：武汉理工大学,2005.
[40]李爱民.业务流程再造理论研究综述与展望[J].现代管理科学,2006(8)：29-32.
[41]吴红平.企业物流配送流程优化[D]:[硕士学位论文].江苏：江苏大学,2005.
[42]黄乐.制造业企业逆向物流流程优化问题研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].江西：华东交通大学,2009.
[43]顾继光.基于六西格玛管理法的业务流程重组理论与实证研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].江苏：河海大学,2006.
[44]计宁.精益六西格玛在医院药品供配流程改进中的应用研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].广东：第一军医大学,2006.
[45]李峰.六西格玛管理在上海西门子的应用[D]:[硕士学位论文].上海：复旦大学,2008.
[46]石岩.应用六西格玛管理原理优化信贷业务流程的研究[D:[硕士学位论文].吉林：吉林大学,2011.
[47]J.佩帕德.业务流程再造精要[M].北京：中信出版社,2002.89-96
[48]凤羽翚,李严锋,叶琼伟.业务流程管理[M].北京：清华大学出版社,北京交通大学出版社,2009.231-235
[49]乔治·李·赛伊.六西格玛精益流程：业务持续改善的实用指导[M].北京：东方出版社,2011.179-183
[50]马林,何祯.六西格玛管理[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社,2007.46-63
[51]洛温塔尔.六西格玛项目管理[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2004.110-117
[52]芭芭拉·维特,查克·米尔斯,迈克·卡内尔.精益六西格玛案例[M].北京：中国财政经济出版社,2004.326-332
[2]N.Sutcliffe. Leadership behavior and business process reengineering (BPR) outcomes. An empirical analysis of 30 BPR projects, Information Management,1999,36 (5):273-286
[3]Dag Naslund. Lean, six sigma and lean sigma:fads or real process improvement methods?, Business Process Management Journal,2008,14 (3):269-287
[4]Bao Jiang. A Model of Distribution Center Productivity Improvement with Application of Lean Six Sigma Methodology "snu.ac.kr,2007,19 (2):45-47
[5]DU Dong.6σBPR:BPR Based on 6σ,East China Economic Management,2008,22 (10):95-97
[6]E.Cheriyan. Monitoring the vaccine cold chain, Archives of disease in childhood,1993,69 (10):600-601
[7]Andrew Wawryk. Electronic monitoring of vaccine cold chain in ametropolitan area. BMJ.1997,15(3):518
[8]James Cheyne.Vaccine Delivery Management, Clinical Infectious Diseases,1989,11(3): 617-622.
[9]Tom Kevan. Control of the cold chain,Frontline Solutions,2005,9(6):30-33
[10]R.L. Jones. The blood supply chain, from donor to patient:a call for greater understanding leading to more effective strategies for managing the blood supply. Transfusion, 2003,43(2):132-134
[11]K.Katsaliaki. Using simulation to improve the blood supply chain, Journal of the Operational Research Society,2007,58(15):219-227
[12]孔建.从疫苗生产厂到接种者的冷链系统：实验与经验[J].国外医学,1993(3)：43-45.
[13]姜淑梅,周翠兰.浅谈冷链系统在疫苗接种免疫成功中的作用[J].中国社区医师(综合版),2006(13)：78-79.
[14]白美丽.疫苗的冷链运输与保存[J].中国临床医生,2006(5)：112-113.
[15]斯樊锋,姜志勇.中国疫苗冷藏链中的牛鞭效应[J].物流技术,2004(11)：156-158.
[16]唐燕,朱海燕,罗齐.VMI在疫苗冷链物流中的应用研究[J].物流科技,2008(06)：27-29.
[17]NEC信息系统(中国)有限公司.泰凌医药的疫苗实时冷链管理系统[J].物流技术与应用,2007(6)：64-65.
[18]李静旗,张丽,宫本兰.冷链对新鲜冰冻血浆FⅧ活性的影响[J].临床输血与检 验,2003(3)：25-27.
[19]王洪波,高华,周菁.血液冷链终端设备使用现状及改进措施的探讨[J].北京医学,2008(4)：58-60.
[20]蒋富生.加强血液冷链管理,预防输血事故发生[J].临床输血与检验,2000(1)：46-47.
[21]易静薇,张春颖,王栋等.我国冷藏药品冷链物流的现状及问题研究[J].物流科技,2009(8)：77-80.
[22]康永娟.医药品冷链物流发展策略探析[J].商业现代化,2009(19)：31-34.
[23]葛立清,张静超,吴艳云.关于我国药品冷链物流服务模式的研究[J].中国商界(上半月),2010(5)：52-54.
[24]钟秀英.我国药品冷链物流现状、成因与发展策略分析[J].中国市场,2012(2)：36-18.
[25]曾凤章,焦明朋.6σ管理以流程为基础的现代管理方法论[J].四川兵工学报,2003(4)：93-95.
[26]李启文,梁工谦,胡剑波,路艳.全面质量管理和6σ协同的业务流程管理方法研究[J].现代制造工程,2008(5)：131-133.
[27]郑海浪.冷链物流的优化[J].中国储运,2004(4)：49-51.
[28]许玮琳.N公司烟草销售物流流程优化研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].四川：电子科技大学,2011.
[29]罗超平.XX医药集团销售物流流程再造研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].重庆：西南大学,2009.
[30]岳建秋.供应链管理环境下包钢采购物流优化问题的研究与应用[D]:[硕士学位论文].辽宁：东北大学,2007.
[31]罗莉.金佰利公司物流管理优化研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].上海：复旦大学,2008.
[32]胡军珠.北京Y公司蔬菜冷链运输流程优化研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].北京：北京交通大学,2009.
[33]梁露丝.广东XX物流公司药品冷链的流程分析与优化研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].广东：华南理工大学,2010.
[34]李华,曹莉.陕西省疫苗经营企业冷链物流管理存在的问题与建议[J].西北药学杂志,2011(2)：61-62.
[35]刘涛.药品冷链物流系统安全性评价[D]：[硕士学位论文].辽宁：大连海事大学,2011.
[36]刘俊齐.医药冷链物流质量管理模式研究[D]：[硕士学位论文].湖北：武汉理工大学,2011.
[37]吴加娣,徐宏宇.医院药品冷链管理的探讨[J].中国药房,2011(5)：420-422.
[38]彭宏涛.六西格玛DMAIC方法在联邦快递的应用研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].上海华东师范大学,2011.
[39]李贵哲.物流一体化中的物流流程优化与实施方法研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].湖北：武汉理工大学,2005.
[40]李爱民.业务流程再造理论研究综述与展望[J].现代管理科学,2006(8)：29-32.
[41]吴红平.企业物流配送流程优化[D]:[硕士学位论文].江苏：江苏大学,2005.
[42]黄乐.制造业企业逆向物流流程优化问题研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].江西：华东交通大学,2009.
[43]顾继光.基于六西格玛管理法的业务流程重组理论与实证研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].江苏：河海大学,2006.
[44]计宁.精益六西格玛在医院药品供配流程改进中的应用研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].广东：第一军医大学,2006.
[45]李峰.六西格玛管理在上海西门子的应用[D]:[硕士学位论文].上海：复旦大学,2008.
[46]石岩.应用六西格玛管理原理优化信贷业务流程的研究[D:[硕士学位论文].吉林：吉林大学,2011.
[47]J.佩帕德.业务流程再造精要[M].北京：中信出版社,2002.89-96
[48]凤羽翚,李严锋,叶琼伟.业务流程管理[M].北京：清华大学出版社,北京交通大学出版社,2009.231-235
[49]乔治·李·赛伊.六西格玛精益流程：业务持续改善的实用指导[M].北京：东方出版社,2011.179-183
[50]马林,何祯.六西格玛管理[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社,2007.46-63
[51]洛温塔尔.六西格玛项目管理[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2004.110-117
[52]芭芭拉·维特,查克·米尔斯,迈克·卡内尔.精益六西格玛案例[M].北京：中国财政经济出版社,2004.326-332