IACP下家庭Web网关的研究与实现
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摘要
随着信息家电的出现、网络技术的发展,人们对家庭生活的自动化程度提出了越来越高的要求,通过Internet远程访问由信息家电组成的家庭网络已成为未来家庭的重要信息工具。因此,构建基于IP的家庭信息家电网络,采用IP技术实现与计算机网络的融合是今后信息家电网络的发展方向。从目前应用的广泛性和使用的方便性而言,信息家电向外提供基于Web的Internet远程访问服务是最优选择。
对于如何通过Web页面来控制家电设备,本文提出了一种新的远程控制信息家电的方法,即通过Internet用Web网关来控制和管理家电设备。Web网关在家电网络内部用自定义的智能电器控制协议IACP(IntelligentAppliances Control Protocol)管理各种家电设备,并向Internet发布Web服务。该方法具有对网络家电设备的动态发现、自动配置、轻量级设计和基于广泛使用的TCP/IP协议等主要优点。
本文首先介绍了当今信息家电的发展概况,并对远程访问信息家电的两种传统方式进行了深入探讨,通过分析研究国内外在这方面的研究现状后,提出了一种基于自定义IACP协议的Web网关的设计目标和整体设计方案。文中重点研究了IACP协议的设计与定义,它是该方案的关键所在,用于Web网关访问和管理家庭网络中的所有电器设备。通过在μClinux系统上实现的IACP-Web服务器,对IACP服务和Web服务在实现中采用的关键技术及其实现给予了详尽的论述,并详细分析了IACP服务和Web服务的交互过程,其后分别在基于μC/OS-Ⅱ和μClinux系统的家电设备上实现了IACP客户端。最后利用该原型系统验证了IACP协议的有效性和可靠性。
基于自定义家电管理协议的家庭Web网关具有良好的可扩展性,方案配置灵活,对于降低成本、利用有限资源实现嵌入式Internet技术,具有较大的参考价值。
People were calling for more demands for automation degree of daily life with the emergence of information appliances and development of cyber technology. The home web was made up with home appliances and accessed through Internet remote service. It has turned to an important intelligence tool. Therefore, building up the web of HIAs (home information appliances) based on IP and syncretizing with computer cyber by IP technology was the tendency for the future information appliances. In terms of universality and convenience, it would be the optimal option for HIA to provide Internet remote access service based on Web.
On controlling the appliances on Web pages, a new method of using Web gateway via Internet to control and manage HIAs in the paper was brought forward. The web gateway managed every HIA with the customized IACP (Intelligent Appliances Control Protocol) inside the HIA net, and distributed Web services to Internet. This method owned the primary advantages of the dynamic detecting, automatic configuring, light-weighted design and applying the general TCP/IP protocol.
The paper firstly gave the present survey of HIAs, then further discussed the traditional two ways of remote access HIAs. After analyzing the status of research on this issue, a design goal and a general scheme for Web gateway with customized IACP was given. A detailed explanation about the design and definition of IACP was made to manage the other electronic devices in the home web, for it was key of this solution. Taking IACP-Web server implemented onμClinux for examples, the paper explained the key technology and fulfilling means of IACP and Web services, and particularly analyzed the interaction process of IACP and Web services. Then IACP client terminal was done on the home appliance onμC/OS-II andμClinux systems. Finally the prototype was used to verify the validity and reliability of IACP.
The home Web gateway based on customized IACP had great expansibility, flexible configuration. It had great value of references to fulfill embedded Internet technology on reducing cost and using limited resources.
对于如何通过Web页面来控制家电设备,本文提出了一种新的远程控制信息家电的方法,即通过Internet用Web网关来控制和管理家电设备。Web网关在家电网络内部用自定义的智能电器控制协议IACP(IntelligentAppliances Control Protocol)管理各种家电设备,并向Internet发布Web服务。该方法具有对网络家电设备的动态发现、自动配置、轻量级设计和基于广泛使用的TCP/IP协议等主要优点。
本文首先介绍了当今信息家电的发展概况,并对远程访问信息家电的两种传统方式进行了深入探讨,通过分析研究国内外在这方面的研究现状后,提出了一种基于自定义IACP协议的Web网关的设计目标和整体设计方案。文中重点研究了IACP协议的设计与定义,它是该方案的关键所在,用于Web网关访问和管理家庭网络中的所有电器设备。通过在μClinux系统上实现的IACP-Web服务器,对IACP服务和Web服务在实现中采用的关键技术及其实现给予了详尽的论述,并详细分析了IACP服务和Web服务的交互过程,其后分别在基于μC/OS-Ⅱ和μClinux系统的家电设备上实现了IACP客户端。最后利用该原型系统验证了IACP协议的有效性和可靠性。
基于自定义家电管理协议的家庭Web网关具有良好的可扩展性,方案配置灵活,对于降低成本、利用有限资源实现嵌入式Internet技术,具有较大的参考价值。
People were calling for more demands for automation degree of daily life with the emergence of information appliances and development of cyber technology. The home web was made up with home appliances and accessed through Internet remote service. It has turned to an important intelligence tool. Therefore, building up the web of HIAs (home information appliances) based on IP and syncretizing with computer cyber by IP technology was the tendency for the future information appliances. In terms of universality and convenience, it would be the optimal option for HIA to provide Internet remote access service based on Web.
On controlling the appliances on Web pages, a new method of using Web gateway via Internet to control and manage HIAs in the paper was brought forward. The web gateway managed every HIA with the customized IACP (Intelligent Appliances Control Protocol) inside the HIA net, and distributed Web services to Internet. This method owned the primary advantages of the dynamic detecting, automatic configuring, light-weighted design and applying the general TCP/IP protocol.
The paper firstly gave the present survey of HIAs, then further discussed the traditional two ways of remote access HIAs. After analyzing the status of research on this issue, a design goal and a general scheme for Web gateway with customized IACP was given. A detailed explanation about the design and definition of IACP was made to manage the other electronic devices in the home web, for it was key of this solution. Taking IACP-Web server implemented onμClinux for examples, the paper explained the key technology and fulfilling means of IACP and Web services, and particularly analyzed the interaction process of IACP and Web services. Then IACP client terminal was done on the home appliance onμC/OS-II andμClinux systems. Finally the prototype was used to verify the validity and reliability of IACP.
The home Web gateway based on customized IACP had great expansibility, flexible configuration. It had great value of references to fulfill embedded Internet technology on reducing cost and using limited resources.
引文
[1]魏忠,蔡勇,雷红卫编著,嵌入式开发详解[M],北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[2]刘云新,张尧学,郭国强,数字化家庭网络管理模型HNMP[J],电子学报,2001,29(8):1050-1052
[3]唐勉曾,国外智能信息家电的现状与发展趋势[J],趋势,2004,3
[4]M.Can Filibeli,Oznur Ozkasap,M.Reha Civanlar,Embedded web server-based home appliance networks,Journal of Network and Computer Applications,2007,30(2):499-517
[5]刘志杰,张华忠,单晓岚,基于嵌入式Web的远程实时监控技术研究[J],计算机工程与设计,2007,28(15):3734-3736
[6]姚洪智,郑雪峰,曹磊,基于CGI接口实现嵌入式系统远程控制[J],微机发展,2004,14(9):7-9
[7]W.Keith Edwards著,王召福,任鸿,刘作伟译,Jini核心技术[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2000.7
[8]谈世哲,刘卫东,UPnP基础结构以及行为规范的描述[J],组合机床与自动化加工技术,2004(11):38-40
[9]常东来,江亿,论智能家庭网络的门户-家庭网关[J],电器&智能建筑,2003,(2):16-18
[10]王晖,下一代家庭网关[J],通信技术,2002(8):39-41
[11]董世杰,家庭智能化的需求分析、技术及综合布线[J],趋势,2004,3
[12]王继成,武港山,Web应用开发原理与技术[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[13]RFC 2616,Hypertext Transfer Protocol--HTIP/1.1[S],June 1999
[14]RFC 2396,Uniform Resource Identifiers(URI):Generic Syntax[S],August 1998
[15]张曦煌,柴志雷,嵌入式Web服务器中CGI的特点及实现[J],小型微型计算机系统,2003,24(11):2046-2048
[16]郭立,基于FORM的CGI程序的设计与应用[J],电脑与信息技术,1998,1:2-7
[17]陈渝,李明,杨哗等著,源码开放的嵌入式系统软件分析与实践[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004
[18]王利明,宋振宇,李明,陈渝,一个开放源码的嵌入式仿真环境-skyeye[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003,9:14-18
[19]陈渝,SkyEye internal-0.6.8.pdf.http://www.skyeye.org
[20]符意德,嵌入式系统设计原理及应用[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[21]林建民,嵌入式操作系统技术发展趋势[J],计算机工程,2001,27(10):37-39
[22]μClinux系统特点及开发调试等相关技术资料,http://www.uclinux.org
[23]王学龙,嵌入式Linux系统设计与应用[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2001
[24]朱玮玮,杨建明,μClinux-一种嵌入式的Linux[J],舰船电子工程,2003,4:47-50
[25]Jean J.Labrosse著,邵贝贝等译,嵌入式实时操作系统-μC/OS-Ⅱ[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[26]Karim Yaghmour,构建嵌入式Linux系统[M],北京:中国电力出版社,2004
[27]郝京宇,黄建华,贾风根,协议栈的实现方法[J],计算机工程,2004,30(14):93-94
[28]杨哗,实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ下TCP/IP协议栈的实现,单片机与嵌入式系统应用[J],2003.07:80-83
[29]Adam Dunkels,Design and Implementation of the LWIP TCP/IP Stack.2001,02
[30]谢仕义,徐兵,嵌入式Web服务器的设计及其CGI实现[J],计算机工程与设计,2007,28(7):1598-1600
[31]Takeshi Saito,Ichiro Tomada,Yoshiaki Takabatake etc.,Gateway Technologies for Home Network and Their Implementations,Distributed Computing Systems Workshop,2001International Conference,Mesa,AZ,2001
[32]李善平,刘文峰,王焕龙等,Linux与嵌入式系统[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[33]Bruce Molay,Unix/Linux编程实践教程[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2004,10
[34]付宏,袁兵等,嵌入式Intenet应用研究[J],计算机工程与应用,2003,39(30):180-185
[35]JiangLi,ect.,Smart home research,Proceedings of 2004 International Conference on Machine Leanring and Cybernetics,2004,2:659-663
[36]刘国梅,郑安平,μClinux下动态Web技术的实现方法[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,2:67-69
[37]Leeb,A User Interface For Home-Net[J],IEEE Transactions On Consumer Electronics,1994,40(4):897-901
[38]W.Richard Stevens,TCP/IP详解 卷1:协议[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2000
[39]W.Richard Stevens,TCP/IP详解 卷1:协议[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2000
[40]王春铭,实时操作系统中应用软件设计的任务划分[J],计算机工程,2000,(7):87-88
[41]Bursky Dave,The smart home:Living with the Jetsons,Electronic Design,2004,52(13):70-72
[42]陈新,郭理豪,唐震洲,基于TCP/IP协议栈的网络家电家庭网关的设计[J],计算机工程与设计,2007,28(5):1236-1238
[43]K wall,M Watson,M Whitis,Linux Programing Unleashed[M],Sams,1999
[44]J.Jacobson,Understanding Home Automation[J],Electronic House,May,2001:48-50
[45]刘峥嵘,张智超,许振山,嵌入式Linux应用开发详解[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[46]LwIP官方网站,http://www.sics.se/～adam/lwip
[47]付保川,王中杰,班建民等,基于CGI嵌入式监控系统动态数据交互的实现[J],计算机工程,2005,31(24):196-197
[2]刘云新,张尧学,郭国强,数字化家庭网络管理模型HNMP[J],电子学报,2001,29(8):1050-1052
[3]唐勉曾,国外智能信息家电的现状与发展趋势[J],趋势,2004,3
[4]M.Can Filibeli,Oznur Ozkasap,M.Reha Civanlar,Embedded web server-based home appliance networks,Journal of Network and Computer Applications,2007,30(2):499-517
[5]刘志杰,张华忠,单晓岚,基于嵌入式Web的远程实时监控技术研究[J],计算机工程与设计,2007,28(15):3734-3736
[6]姚洪智,郑雪峰,曹磊,基于CGI接口实现嵌入式系统远程控制[J],微机发展,2004,14(9):7-9
[7]W.Keith Edwards著,王召福,任鸿,刘作伟译,Jini核心技术[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2000.7
[8]谈世哲,刘卫东,UPnP基础结构以及行为规范的描述[J],组合机床与自动化加工技术,2004(11):38-40
[9]常东来,江亿,论智能家庭网络的门户-家庭网关[J],电器&智能建筑,2003,(2):16-18
[10]王晖,下一代家庭网关[J],通信技术,2002(8):39-41
[11]董世杰,家庭智能化的需求分析、技术及综合布线[J],趋势,2004,3
[12]王继成,武港山,Web应用开发原理与技术[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[13]RFC 2616,Hypertext Transfer Protocol--HTIP/1.1[S],June 1999
[14]RFC 2396,Uniform Resource Identifiers(URI):Generic Syntax[S],August 1998
[15]张曦煌,柴志雷,嵌入式Web服务器中CGI的特点及实现[J],小型微型计算机系统,2003,24(11):2046-2048
[16]郭立,基于FORM的CGI程序的设计与应用[J],电脑与信息技术,1998,1:2-7
[17]陈渝,李明,杨哗等著,源码开放的嵌入式系统软件分析与实践[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004
[18]王利明,宋振宇,李明,陈渝,一个开放源码的嵌入式仿真环境-skyeye[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003,9:14-18
[19]陈渝,SkyEye internal-0.6.8.pdf.http://www.skyeye.org
[20]符意德,嵌入式系统设计原理及应用[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[21]林建民,嵌入式操作系统技术发展趋势[J],计算机工程,2001,27(10):37-39
[22]μClinux系统特点及开发调试等相关技术资料,http://www.uclinux.org
[23]王学龙,嵌入式Linux系统设计与应用[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2001
[24]朱玮玮,杨建明,μClinux-一种嵌入式的Linux[J],舰船电子工程,2003,4:47-50
[25]Jean J.Labrosse著,邵贝贝等译,嵌入式实时操作系统-μC/OS-Ⅱ[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[26]Karim Yaghmour,构建嵌入式Linux系统[M],北京:中国电力出版社,2004
[27]郝京宇,黄建华,贾风根,协议栈的实现方法[J],计算机工程,2004,30(14):93-94
[28]杨哗,实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ下TCP/IP协议栈的实现,单片机与嵌入式系统应用[J],2003.07:80-83
[29]Adam Dunkels,Design and Implementation of the LWIP TCP/IP Stack.2001,02
[30]谢仕义,徐兵,嵌入式Web服务器的设计及其CGI实现[J],计算机工程与设计,2007,28(7):1598-1600
[31]Takeshi Saito,Ichiro Tomada,Yoshiaki Takabatake etc.,Gateway Technologies for Home Network and Their Implementations,Distributed Computing Systems Workshop,2001International Conference,Mesa,AZ,2001
[32]李善平,刘文峰,王焕龙等,Linux与嵌入式系统[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[33]Bruce Molay,Unix/Linux编程实践教程[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2004,10
[34]付宏,袁兵等,嵌入式Intenet应用研究[J],计算机工程与应用,2003,39(30):180-185
[35]JiangLi,ect.,Smart home research,Proceedings of 2004 International Conference on Machine Leanring and Cybernetics,2004,2:659-663
[36]刘国梅,郑安平,μClinux下动态Web技术的实现方法[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,2:67-69
[37]Leeb,A User Interface For Home-Net[J],IEEE Transactions On Consumer Electronics,1994,40(4):897-901
[38]W.Richard Stevens,TCP/IP详解 卷1:协议[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2000
[39]W.Richard Stevens,TCP/IP详解 卷1:协议[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2000
[40]王春铭,实时操作系统中应用软件设计的任务划分[J],计算机工程,2000,(7):87-88
[41]Bursky Dave,The smart home:Living with the Jetsons,Electronic Design,2004,52(13):70-72
[42]陈新,郭理豪,唐震洲,基于TCP/IP协议栈的网络家电家庭网关的设计[J],计算机工程与设计,2007,28(5):1236-1238
[43]K wall,M Watson,M Whitis,Linux Programing Unleashed[M],Sams,1999
[44]J.Jacobson,Understanding Home Automation[J],Electronic House,May,2001:48-50
[45]刘峥嵘,张智超,许振山,嵌入式Linux应用开发详解[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[46]LwIP官方网站,http://www.sics.se/～adam/lwip
[47]付保川,王中杰,班建民等,基于CGI嵌入式监控系统动态数据交互的实现[J],计算机工程,2005,31(24):196-197