摘要
黄冠梨和丰水梨是早、中熟梨品种中的主要栽培品种,国内外市场供不应求。本文系统研究了不同采收期和不同处理时间(后熟)黄冠梨和丰水梨果实对1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)作用效果的影响,找出适合1-MCP处理对黄冠和丰水梨的适宜指标,确定黄冠梨和丰水梨最佳采收期和最佳处理时间,进一步为1-MCP在黄冠梨和丰水梨商业化合理应用提供理论依据。
结果表明:1-MCP处理不同采收期的黄冠和丰水梨与对照相比,抑制了乙烯生成速率和呼吸强度,并推迟了呼吸高峰出现的时间;明显延缓了果肉硬度、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、Vc含量、SOD活性及腐烂率的下降;显著抑制了丙二醛含量、膜透性和PPO活性的升高,对果皮褐斑病无明显影响,其中采后贮藏品质最好的为8月18日采收的黄冠梨和8月10日采收的丰水梨。采后黄冠梨和丰水梨的不同后熟时间对1-MCP处理效果有较大的影响,后熟时间越长,1-MCP处理保鲜效果相对越差。但适当的后熟可以增加果实的风味、口感及其它食用品质。河北藁城地区06年8月10采收的黄冠梨,考虑到果皮褐斑病的影响,采后当天1-MCP处理效果最佳。06年8月18日采收的丰水梨,若做长期贮藏,采后当天1-MCP处理效果最佳,若短期贮藏后很快上市,5d后熟1-MCP处理最佳。
Huangguan and Housui are the most important early middle maturity of pear-cultivars, demand exceeds supply in domestic and overseas market. We have studied systematically that Huangguan and Housui in different picking time and different afterripening postharvest were treated by 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP),and found out suitable index, and then confirmed the feasible picking time and the optimal time, furthermore provided the theoretical basis in commercial in resonable application .
As a result, Huangguan and Housui pears were treated by 1-MCP compared with control in different picking time, 1-MCP treatment controlled ethylene production and respiration rate , and postponed the time of respiration peaks; significantly delayed the decline of flesh firmness, total soluble solids content, titratable acidity content, Vc content, SOD activity and decay rate; Obviously inhibited the increasing of MDA content、membrane relative permeability and PPO activity, but 1-MCP treatment is not the key on Browning spot of Huangguan pear. In a word, Huangguan pears’appropriate collection time is Aug 18,2006 from the quilaty of storage, and Housui pears’appropriate collection time is Aug,10 2006. different afterripening time of Huangguan and Housui pears is important, the longer the time of afterripening, the worse the storability. But proper afterripening may enhance the flavor,taste and other edible quality. In Hebei Gaocheng, if Huangguan pears collection time is Aug 10,2006, in considering of browning spot of Huangguan pears,we proposal made 5 days afterripening. Housui pears’collection time is Aug 18, 06, if stored a period of time, the appropriate afterripening time is collection same day, if stored short term, the appropriate afterripening time is 5 days.
引文
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