枣泉煤矿T-2火烧区下开采岩层移动规律研究
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摘要
宁东是我国建设的13个亿吨煤炭基地之一,目前宁东煤炭主产区主要集中在灵武矿区2#煤层,2#煤层浅部普遍存在火烧区,火烧区内含有大量积水,严重影响着矿井的安全生产。研究火烧区及其下方开采岩层移动规律,对指导现场生产和建设本质安全型矿井具有一定的现实意义。
本文针对神华宁夏煤业集团枣泉煤矿12104和12206工作面工程地质条件及其工作面上方T-2火烧区,综合运用现场调研、理论分析、相似材料模拟实验与数值模拟实验等方法,对火烧区及其下方工作面的开采引起上覆岩层移动、变形、破坏及地表下沉进行研究。
研究表明,12104工作面开采完毕后不会受到T-2火烧区影响,但裂隙带发展至地表。12206工作面开采过程中上覆岩层裂隙与12104采空区导通,基岩与表土层间出现裂隙,开采完毕后裂隙与T-2火烧区导通,并发展至地表。T-2火烧区对12206工作面的开采存在着安全隐患,在掘进和回采期间需要采取措施探放水。12104、12206工作面开采完毕后地表下沉成盆地状,并随着采高的增大波及范围扩大,基岩运移下部区域的上覆岩层运移速度慢,上部区域的上覆岩层的运移速度快。根据研究成果,结合现场实际,设计出了工作面掘进过程中探放水方案。
Ningdong is one of the 13 coal bases of 100 Mt in china. The main production areas of Ningdong coal base are mainly in the No.2 coal seam of Ningwu coal field. The shallow area of No.2 coal seam has burning area, and the burning area contains plenty hydrops, which affects the safety production of the coal mine significantly. It is very important for the field production and the construction of intrinsically safe type mine to study the burning area and the rock strata movement under the burning area.
In this thesis, based on the engineering geological conditions of the 12104 and 12206 mining face of Zaoquan Coal Mine of Shenghua Ningxia Coal Group, and the T-2 burning area above the mining face, the burning area and the overburden movement, deformation and subsidence induced by mining of the mining face under the burning area are studied with field investigation, similar material simulation experiment,theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.
The study shows that, the mining of 12104 mining face will not be influenced by T-2 burning area, but the crack zone will develop to the surface. In the mining process of 12206 mining face, the cracks in the overburden will guide circuit with 12104 goaf area. The cracks will also appear between the bedrock and top soil layer, and they will guide circuit with T-2 burning area, and then develop to the surface. The T-2 burning area has potential safety trouble for the mining of the 12206 mining face, and it is essential to survey water during drilling and mining. After the mining of the 12104 and 12206 mining face, the subsidence of the surface look like a basin, and the influencing area will extend as the increasing of the mining height. The overburden movement of the lower area of bed rock is slow, and the overburden movement of the upper area of bed rock is quickly. According to the study results and field practice, the survey water method during drilling and mining is designed.
本文针对神华宁夏煤业集团枣泉煤矿12104和12206工作面工程地质条件及其工作面上方T-2火烧区,综合运用现场调研、理论分析、相似材料模拟实验与数值模拟实验等方法,对火烧区及其下方工作面的开采引起上覆岩层移动、变形、破坏及地表下沉进行研究。
研究表明,12104工作面开采完毕后不会受到T-2火烧区影响,但裂隙带发展至地表。12206工作面开采过程中上覆岩层裂隙与12104采空区导通,基岩与表土层间出现裂隙,开采完毕后裂隙与T-2火烧区导通,并发展至地表。T-2火烧区对12206工作面的开采存在着安全隐患,在掘进和回采期间需要采取措施探放水。12104、12206工作面开采完毕后地表下沉成盆地状,并随着采高的增大波及范围扩大,基岩运移下部区域的上覆岩层运移速度慢,上部区域的上覆岩层的运移速度快。根据研究成果,结合现场实际,设计出了工作面掘进过程中探放水方案。
Ningdong is one of the 13 coal bases of 100 Mt in china. The main production areas of Ningdong coal base are mainly in the No.2 coal seam of Ningwu coal field. The shallow area of No.2 coal seam has burning area, and the burning area contains plenty hydrops, which affects the safety production of the coal mine significantly. It is very important for the field production and the construction of intrinsically safe type mine to study the burning area and the rock strata movement under the burning area.
In this thesis, based on the engineering geological conditions of the 12104 and 12206 mining face of Zaoquan Coal Mine of Shenghua Ningxia Coal Group, and the T-2 burning area above the mining face, the burning area and the overburden movement, deformation and subsidence induced by mining of the mining face under the burning area are studied with field investigation, similar material simulation experiment,theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.
The study shows that, the mining of 12104 mining face will not be influenced by T-2 burning area, but the crack zone will develop to the surface. In the mining process of 12206 mining face, the cracks in the overburden will guide circuit with 12104 goaf area. The cracks will also appear between the bedrock and top soil layer, and they will guide circuit with T-2 burning area, and then develop to the surface. The T-2 burning area has potential safety trouble for the mining of the 12206 mining face, and it is essential to survey water during drilling and mining. After the mining of the 12104 and 12206 mining face, the subsidence of the surface look like a basin, and the influencing area will extend as the increasing of the mining height. The overburden movement of the lower area of bed rock is slow, and the overburden movement of the upper area of bed rock is quickly. According to the study results and field practice, the survey water method during drilling and mining is designed.
引文
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[2]张有天.能源在线.2007.7
[3]史元伟.中国化工报.2007.1
[4]吴侃,葛家新,王玲丁等.开采沉陷预计一体化方法.徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1998. 15~23
[5]王长申.基于事故树分析的煤矿潜在突水危险评价研究.岩石力学与工程学报.2009.2
[6]李智超.中国煤矿突水事故统计及对策分析.人民网.2006.8
[7]王纪元.河南省近年来突水事故调查.煤炭网.2006.3
[8]王作宇,刘鸿泉.承压水上采煤.煤炭工业出版社,1992
[9] B.Unve,N.E.Yasitli.Modeling of strata movement with a special reference to cavingmechanism in thick seam coal mining.International Journal of Coal Geology. 227–252,2006
[10]许进鹏.陷落柱活化导水机理研究.[学位论文].山东科技大学,2006
[11]胡戈.综放开采断层活化导水机理研究.[学位论文].中国矿业大学,2008
[12] Wardll K. The minimization of surface damage by special arrangement of underground workings. Proc.European Congress on Ground Movement.13-19,1957
[13] King H J. Whetton J T. Mechanics of mine subsidence Porc.European Congress on Ground on Ground Movement. 27-36,1957
[14] Rellensmann O R E. The effect on railway of the ground movement due to mining. Proc.European C ongress on Ground on Ground Movement. 74-82,1957
[15] Lenge A. Inspection and correction of damage to railways cause by mining in the Saar.P roc.European C ongress on Ground on Ground Movement. 106-114,1957
[16] BraunerG. Calculation of ground movement in European coalfields. Proc. Subsidence in Mines, Australasian Inst.Min.Met. 1-8,1973
[17]吴侃,王悦汉等.采空区上覆岩层移动破坏动态力学模型的应用,中国矿业大学报,2000.1
[18]高玮.条带开采岩层移动机理浅析.矿山压力与顶板管理,2000.1
[19]郝延锦,宁永香等.厚松散层条件下的岩层移动特征探讨.煤炭技术,2000.4
[20]阿威尔辛著.煤矿地下开采的岩层移动.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1952
[21]张玉卓,煤矿地表沉陷的预测与控制—世纪之交的回顾与展望.煤炭学会第五届青年科技学术研讨会论文集.煤炭工业出版社,1998
[22]克拉茨.H著.马维民,王金庄,王绍林译.采动损害及其防护.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1984
[23] Helmut Kratzsch. Translated by R.F,S Fleming.Mining Subsidence Engineering Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York:1983
[24]赴波兰考察团.波兰采空区地面建筑.科学技术文献出版社,1979
[25]张玉卓,姚建国,仲惟林.断层影响下地表移动规律的统计和数值模拟研究.煤炭学报,1989(1):21~23
[26]宋振骐.煤矿重大事故预测和控制的动力信息基础的研究.煤炭工业出版社,2003
[27]邹友峰,邓喀中,马伟民.矿山开采沉陷工程.中国矿业大学出版社,2003
[28]唐春安,于广明,刘红元等.采动岩体破裂与岩层移动数值试验.吉林大学出版社,2003
[29]宋振骐.煤矿重大事故预测和控制的动力信息基础的研究.煤炭工业出版社,2003
[30]抚顺矿务局,阜新矿业学院.抚顺倾斜特厚煤层上覆岩层高压注浆减缓地表沉降保护建筑物实验报告,1985
[31]孟以猛,吕振先.高压注浆减缓地表沉陷技术在大屯矿区的应用.世界煤炭技术,1993
[32]张玉卓.长壁开采覆岩离层产生的条件.煤炭学报,1996.6
[33]郭惟嘉.采动覆岩离层性确定方法及离层规律的研究.煤炭学报,1995.1
[34]吴立新.放顶煤开采地表沉陷控制途径探讨——离层注浆及有关问题.见:综合机械化放顶煤开采论文集.徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1995.133~136
[35]邓喀中.开采沉陷中的层面滑移三维模型.岩土工程学报,1997. 5
[36]张向东.离层带充填注浆技术控制岩层移动的研究[学位论文].辽宁沈阳.东北大学,1997
[37]刘天泉.矿山岩体采动影响与控制工程学及其应用.煤炭学报, 1995.1
[38]许家林.关键层运动对覆岩及地表移动影响的研究.煤炭学报,2000.2
[39]侯忠杰.地表厚松散层浅埋煤层组合关键层的稳定性分析.煤炭学报,2000.2
[40]汤建泉.开采覆岩运动和破坏规律的实验研究[学位论文].中国矿业大学,1995
[41]赵经彻.关于总分开采的岩层运动和矿山压力控制问题.岩石力学与工程学报,1995.2
[42]陈炎光,钱鸣高.中国煤矿采场围岩控制.中国矿业大学出版社,1994
[43]钱鸣高.矿山压力与岩层控制.中国矿业大学出版社,2003. 40~42
[44]余学义,张恩强.开采损害学.煤炭工业出版社,2004
[45]刘立,梁伟等.岩体层面力学特性对层状复合岩体的影响.岩石力学与工程学报,2006.2
[46]钱鸣高,缪协兴.采场上覆岩结构的形成与受力分析.岩石力学与工程学报,1995.14
[47]于涛,王来贵.覆岩离层产生机理.辽宁工程技术大学学报,2006.2
[48]张建全,廖国华.覆岩产生的机理及离层计算方法的探讨,2001.1
[49]宋振骐等.实用矿山压力与控制.中国矿业大学出版社,1989
[50]徐志英.岩石力学.北京:中国水利水电出版社,1981
[51]杨贵.综放开采导水裂隙带高度及预测方法研究[学位论文].山东科技大学,2004
[52]蔡东.综放面“两带”高度发育特征.矿山压力与顶板管理,2000.1
[53] Yao Wenguang.Zhang Zhipei.Study On the Geoiogic Setting of the Holes Under the foundation of Freeway,Northwest Groscience. 1999.1
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