西藏革吉县尕尔穷铜金矿床矿石特征研究
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摘要
尕尔穷铜金矿床属于班公湖-怒江缝合带西段,位于狮泉河晚燕山期结合带与冈底斯-念青唐古拉板片两大构造单元的交汇部位,是班怒带西段第一个达到详查程度的中型铜金矿床。尕尔穷铜金矿主矿体走向北西西,倾向北北东,整个矿体沿走向长约900m,倾向方向延伸大于400米,矿体产于石英闪长岩、花岗斑岩与多爱组碳酸盐岩的接触带内。矿石主成矿元素以Cu、Au为主,主要伴生有用元素为Ag。主要的围岩蚀变为矽卡岩化、碳酸盐化、硅化、绿泥石化、绿帘石化和绢云母化,其中与成矿有关的蚀变主要有矽卡岩化、碳酸盐化、硅化、绿泥石化和绿帘石化。
在系统的钻孔地质编录基础上,通过详细的岩石学和矿石学研究,对78件光薄片进行了详细的镜下鉴定和能谱分析,划分了矿石的类型,研究了各类矿石特征。矿石结构主要有交代作用、结晶作用和固溶体分离作用形成的结构;矿石构造以浸染状构造和脉状-细脉状构造为主。鉴定出金属矿物多达57种和16种非金属矿物,其中发现了近20余种金、银矿物,如自然金、银金矿、金银矿、碲金银矿、铜金矿、自然银、辉银矿、硫铜银矿、碘银矿、角银矿、碲银矿。
通过对主要的金属矿物的显微镜和扫描电镜观察与分析,确定了主要元素的赋存状态。金主要富集在碳酸盐中和不同形态的铁质矿物如褐铁矿、铁质粘土状矿物中,以自然金、银金矿、铜金矿和含铜银金矿为主,主要呈晶隙金、粒间金和裂隙金状态产出。金的赋存状态较为简单,在选矿过程中容易提取。铜主要以黄铜矿和斑铜矿的形式存在,主要以细脉状和稀疏浸染状产于脉石矿物中。银矿物以自然银和银硫化物主,主要赋存于石英、碳酸盐和黄铜矿中的裂隙、晶隙、孔隙中,部分呈包裹体形式产出。
Garjoan copper-gold deposit locates in the intersection of the Shiquanhe Late-Yanshan Junction Zone and Gangdese-Nyainqentanglha plate which belongs to the western section of the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone, Tibet. It is the first medium-sized copper-gold deposit which obtains detailed survey. The mainly orebody occurres in contacted belt between intermediate-acidic intrusive rocks and carbonatite,which is approximately 900-meter along NWW in strike and far greater than 400-metre along NNE in trend. The ore minerals are dominated by Cu-Au with main accompaniment element Ag. Wallrock alteration is developed and mainly characterized by skarnization, carbonatization, silication, chloritization, epidotization and sericitize which related with metallogenesis mainly including skarnization, carbonatization, silication, chloritization and epidotization.
On basis of systematic drillhole geologic record and detailed petrology-mineral study ,This paper described ore types and characteristics according to analyzing specific rock ore appraisal and testing ,and by means of a scanning electron microscope and an energy spectrum of 78 polished-thin-section. Ore texture mainly are metasomatic texture, crystallzation texture and unmixing of solidsolution texture. Structure of ores are dominated by disseminate, vein and veinlet structure. More than 57 metallicmineral and 16 nonmetallic minerals has been appraisaled in which approximately 20 gold and silver mineral were found, as native gold, electrum, silver-bearing native gold, kustelite, petzite, cuprian gold, auricupride, native silver, argentite, stromeyerite, iodyrite, cerargyrite and hessite,etc.
The occurrence of the essential element in area is ascertained by means of optical microscope and SEM analysis methods. Occurrence of gold in the ore is simple which makes extraction easily in mineral processing. The result shows that the gold is mostly locates in carbonate and iron mineral with different forms such as limonite, iron claylike minerals, etc. The main occurrence states of Au are embedded-gold ,fissure-filled gold and the microfissure Au. The gold mainly includes native gold, electrum, auricupride and cuprian gold and so on. The main copper minerals are chalcopyrite and bornit which are dominantly veinlet-disseminated and sparse- disseminated in gangue mineral. Silver minerals mainly include native silver and Ag-sulfide which chiefly exist in fracture, druse and pore of quartz, carbonate and chalcopyrite, parting with enclave.
在系统的钻孔地质编录基础上,通过详细的岩石学和矿石学研究,对78件光薄片进行了详细的镜下鉴定和能谱分析,划分了矿石的类型,研究了各类矿石特征。矿石结构主要有交代作用、结晶作用和固溶体分离作用形成的结构;矿石构造以浸染状构造和脉状-细脉状构造为主。鉴定出金属矿物多达57种和16种非金属矿物,其中发现了近20余种金、银矿物,如自然金、银金矿、金银矿、碲金银矿、铜金矿、自然银、辉银矿、硫铜银矿、碘银矿、角银矿、碲银矿。
通过对主要的金属矿物的显微镜和扫描电镜观察与分析,确定了主要元素的赋存状态。金主要富集在碳酸盐中和不同形态的铁质矿物如褐铁矿、铁质粘土状矿物中,以自然金、银金矿、铜金矿和含铜银金矿为主,主要呈晶隙金、粒间金和裂隙金状态产出。金的赋存状态较为简单,在选矿过程中容易提取。铜主要以黄铜矿和斑铜矿的形式存在,主要以细脉状和稀疏浸染状产于脉石矿物中。银矿物以自然银和银硫化物主,主要赋存于石英、碳酸盐和黄铜矿中的裂隙、晶隙、孔隙中,部分呈包裹体形式产出。
Garjoan copper-gold deposit locates in the intersection of the Shiquanhe Late-Yanshan Junction Zone and Gangdese-Nyainqentanglha plate which belongs to the western section of the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone, Tibet. It is the first medium-sized copper-gold deposit which obtains detailed survey. The mainly orebody occurres in contacted belt between intermediate-acidic intrusive rocks and carbonatite,which is approximately 900-meter along NWW in strike and far greater than 400-metre along NNE in trend. The ore minerals are dominated by Cu-Au with main accompaniment element Ag. Wallrock alteration is developed and mainly characterized by skarnization, carbonatization, silication, chloritization, epidotization and sericitize which related with metallogenesis mainly including skarnization, carbonatization, silication, chloritization and epidotization.
On basis of systematic drillhole geologic record and detailed petrology-mineral study ,This paper described ore types and characteristics according to analyzing specific rock ore appraisal and testing ,and by means of a scanning electron microscope and an energy spectrum of 78 polished-thin-section. Ore texture mainly are metasomatic texture, crystallzation texture and unmixing of solidsolution texture. Structure of ores are dominated by disseminate, vein and veinlet structure. More than 57 metallicmineral and 16 nonmetallic minerals has been appraisaled in which approximately 20 gold and silver mineral were found, as native gold, electrum, silver-bearing native gold, kustelite, petzite, cuprian gold, auricupride, native silver, argentite, stromeyerite, iodyrite, cerargyrite and hessite,etc.
The occurrence of the essential element in area is ascertained by means of optical microscope and SEM analysis methods. Occurrence of gold in the ore is simple which makes extraction easily in mineral processing. The result shows that the gold is mostly locates in carbonate and iron mineral with different forms such as limonite, iron claylike minerals, etc. The main occurrence states of Au are embedded-gold ,fissure-filled gold and the microfissure Au. The gold mainly includes native gold, electrum, auricupride and cuprian gold and so on. The main copper minerals are chalcopyrite and bornit which are dominantly veinlet-disseminated and sparse- disseminated in gangue mineral. Silver minerals mainly include native silver and Ag-sulfide which chiefly exist in fracture, druse and pore of quartz, carbonate and chalcopyrite, parting with enclave.
引文
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