南水北调东线区域水环境的水质模拟及泵站运行调度方案的研究
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摘要
南水北调东线工程是南水北调工程的重要组成部分,它对缓解沿线地区水资源短缺,改善受水区生态环境,促进该地区经济和社会的持续稳定发展具有巨大作用。而调水水质的好坏直接影响到水资源的使用价值和沿线地区经济和社会的发展,决定着调水工程的实际效益,同时也将对输水沿线水环境产生重要影响。
淮阴二站位于江苏省淮安市西南部,是国家南水北调东线工程的第三级抽水枢纽的组成部分。淮阴二站因紧邻水污染较为严重的淮安城区,泵站抽水水源受到了一定程度的污染。一旦淮阴二站启动抽水,随着大量污废水的进入,将引起上游水体的水质恶化,对南水北调东线的水质产生影响。淮阴二站区域水环境的水质模拟预测及其运行调度方案的研究势在必行。本文研究的主要内容:
1分析并整理了国内外调水实例,以及河流水质数学模型的历史、现状和发展趋势。
2以淮阴二站为背景,进行了污染源调查,并结合相关河流监测的结果,分析了区域水环境主要存在的水质问题及其主要污染物。
3在区域水质模型的选择方面做了系统研究。根据淮阴二站区域水环境的水文、污染特点的分析,建立适合本区域的水质模型。
4运用已建立的区域水环境水质模型进行水质预测。
5根据预测结果,在确保调水水质的基础上确定泵站运行调度方案。
6通过对淮阴二站区域水环境的研究,提出确保南水北调东线调水水质的主要对策和措施。
East-Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is the important part of South-to-North Water Transfer Project, it is important for solving the water resources shortage along the line of South-to-North Water Transfer Project ,and improving the economy and society of diverting area to develop continuously and steadily. However, the quality of transferring water bears directly on the service value of water resources and improvement of the society along the line. And it not only determines the actual profits of water transfer project but also brings important influence to aquatic environment along the line of water transfer.
Located in the southwest of the city of Huai’an of Jiangsu province ,Huaiyin No.2 pumping station is the constituent parts of the third pumped junction of East-Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project in china. Because of Huaiyin No.2 pumping station adjacent to the city of Huai’an where water was polluted seriously, the water source of the pump was polluted in some degree. Once the pump was running, with a lot of polluted water coming in, it would cause upper deteriorated water quality and influence the water quality of East-Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project. It’s urgent to study on water quality prediction of the regional aquatic environment and the Pump Running Plan of Huaiyin No.2 pumping station. This paper discussed these contents:
1 study on the water transfer instances at home and abroad and the history、present status and trend of water quality model of rivers.
2 based on Huaiyin No.2 pumping station, with the survey of pollution sources and the result of water quality monitoring of some rivers, analyze the major water quality problem and pollutant of regional aquatic environment.
淮阴二站位于江苏省淮安市西南部,是国家南水北调东线工程的第三级抽水枢纽的组成部分。淮阴二站因紧邻水污染较为严重的淮安城区,泵站抽水水源受到了一定程度的污染。一旦淮阴二站启动抽水,随着大量污废水的进入,将引起上游水体的水质恶化,对南水北调东线的水质产生影响。淮阴二站区域水环境的水质模拟预测及其运行调度方案的研究势在必行。本文研究的主要内容:
1分析并整理了国内外调水实例,以及河流水质数学模型的历史、现状和发展趋势。
2以淮阴二站为背景,进行了污染源调查,并结合相关河流监测的结果,分析了区域水环境主要存在的水质问题及其主要污染物。
3在区域水质模型的选择方面做了系统研究。根据淮阴二站区域水环境的水文、污染特点的分析,建立适合本区域的水质模型。
4运用已建立的区域水环境水质模型进行水质预测。
5根据预测结果,在确保调水水质的基础上确定泵站运行调度方案。
6通过对淮阴二站区域水环境的研究,提出确保南水北调东线调水水质的主要对策和措施。
East-Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is the important part of South-to-North Water Transfer Project, it is important for solving the water resources shortage along the line of South-to-North Water Transfer Project ,and improving the economy and society of diverting area to develop continuously and steadily. However, the quality of transferring water bears directly on the service value of water resources and improvement of the society along the line. And it not only determines the actual profits of water transfer project but also brings important influence to aquatic environment along the line of water transfer.
Located in the southwest of the city of Huai’an of Jiangsu province ,Huaiyin No.2 pumping station is the constituent parts of the third pumped junction of East-Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project in china. Because of Huaiyin No.2 pumping station adjacent to the city of Huai’an where water was polluted seriously, the water source of the pump was polluted in some degree. Once the pump was running, with a lot of polluted water coming in, it would cause upper deteriorated water quality and influence the water quality of East-Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project. It’s urgent to study on water quality prediction of the regional aquatic environment and the Pump Running Plan of Huaiyin No.2 pumping station. This paper discussed these contents:
1 study on the water transfer instances at home and abroad and the history、present status and trend of water quality model of rivers.
2 based on Huaiyin No.2 pumping station, with the survey of pollution sources and the result of water quality monitoring of some rivers, analyze the major water quality problem and pollutant of regional aquatic environment.
引文
[1] 刘成武,杨志荣,方中权等编著.自然资源概论.科学出版社 2001.
[2] 盛海洋,郭志永,翟秋敏.南水北调工程规划、环境影响及生态环境保护[J].水利与建筑工程学报, 2004 年 3 月.
[3] 常汗林.关于南水北调有关管理问题的思考[J].南水北调与水利科技.2003.6.
[4] Jones JAA Global Hydrology : Processes,Resources and Environment[M].Longamlimited,1997.[2].
[5] NaffT,MatsonRc.Water in the Middle Ease:Conflict to Co-operation[M].Boulder,Colo.West view Press.1992.[3].
[6] [美]武伊察.叶夫叶里赫.调水与跨流域调水[J].水利水电快报,23(13),2002:1-7.
[7] 汪明娜.跨流域调水对生态环境的影响及对策[J].环境保护,2002(3):32—35.
[8] 窦明,左其亭,胡彩虹. 南水北调工程的生态环境影响评价研究[J].郑州大学学报(工学版) 2005 年 6 月第 26 卷第 2 期
[9] 冯尚友.水资源持续利用与管理导论[M].科学出版社.2000.7.
[10] 刘昌明,傅国斌.今日水世界[M].清华大学出版社.暨南大学出版社.2000.
[11] 郑连第.中国历史上的跨流域调水工程[J].南水北调与水利科技,12(1),2003:5-7
[12] 金腊华,徐峰俊.水环境数值模拟与可视化技术[M].化学工业出版社,北京,2004.
[13] 郭劲松,李胜海等.水质模型及其应用进展[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2002.4.
[14] Andre ws K.Takyi and Barbara J.Lence.Surface water quality management using a multiple-rdalization chance constrained method[J].Water resources research, 1999,35(5):1657-1669.
[15] Michael D.Sohn et al..Reducing uncertainty in site characterization using Bayes Monte Carlo methods[J].Journal of environmental engineering, 2000,126(10):893-902.
[16] Y.Y.Yin et al..Fuzzy relation analysis for multicriteria water resources management[J].Journal of water resources research,1999,125(1):41-47.
[17] K.Sasikumar and P.P.Mujumdar.Fuzzy opimization model for water quality management of a river system [J].Journal of water resources planning and management,1998,124(2):79-88.
[18] 阎平凡,张长水,等.人工神经网络与模拟进化计算[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[19] T.R.Neelakantan,N.V.Pundarikanthan.Neuralnetwork-based simulation-optimization model for reservoir operation[J].Journal of water resources planning and management,2000,126(2):57-64.
[20] Marina Campolo,eral..Forecasting river flow rate during low-flow period using neural network[J].Water resources research,1999,35(11):3547-3552.
[21] 计勇,姚琪.GIS 技术在玄武湖水质调度中的应用[J].福建水土保持.第 16 卷第 1 期2004.3.
[22] 张行南,耿庆斋等.水质模型与地理信息系统的集成研究[J].水利学报.2004.1.
[23] 叶常明.水环境数学模型的研究进展[J].环境科学进展,1993.1.
[24] 孙颖,陈肇和等.河流及水库水质模型与通用软件综述[J].水资源保护. 2002.6.
[25] 徐祖信,廖振良.水质数学模型研究的发展阶段与空间层次[J].上海环境科学 2003.2.
[26] 郭永彬,王焰新.汉江中下游水质模拟与预测——QUAL 2K 模型的应用[J].安全与环境工程.2003.3.
[27] 陈丽华,常沁春等.BP 网络应用于黄河水质的预测研究[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版). 2003.4.
[28] 徐进,佘宗莲等.QUAL2E 模型在大沽河干流青岛段水质模拟中的应用[J].农村生态环境.2004,20(2):33-37.
[29] 刘兆金.中小型河流水质模型研究——以浦东运河为例[J].交通部上海船舶运输科学研究所学报.2000.12.
[30] 王泽良,陶建华等.渤海湾中化学需氧量(COD)扩散、降解过程研究[J].海洋通报.2004.2.
[31] 王业英.淮阴二站抽水水源调度方案研究[J].水资源与水工程学报.2004.3.
[32] 金腊华,徐峰俊.水环境数值模拟与可视化[M].化学工业出版社,环境科学与工程出版中心.北京.2004.
[33] 赵文谦.环境水利学[M].成都科技大学出版社.1986.
[34] 文生.河流水文学[M].武汉水利水电出版社.1992.
[35] 傅国伟.河流水质数学模型及其模拟计算[M].中国环境科学出版社.北京.1987.
[36] 陈声通,陈敏龄.环境系统分析.北京:高等教育出版社.1996.
[37] W.金博士.水环境数学模型.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.1987.
[38] 宋卫锋.应用水质模型方法研究河流污染控制[J].环境与开发.2000.4.
[39] 赵秀娟.滏阳河流域水污染控制系统规划的研究.太原理工大学硕士学位论文.2002.
[40] 江苏省水文水资源勘测局.江苏省淮阴第二抽水站水质控制试验水质水量监测分析报告.2003.3.
[41] 唐亮,冯琳,左玉辉.淮安市水污染控制规划研究[J].上海环境科学.2002.2.
[42] 方子云.水资源保护工作手册.河海大学出版社.1988.
[43] 王有乐,张庆芳.利用历史监测数据建立河流水质数学模型的研究[J].甘肃环境研究与监测.2003.3.
[44] 朱维栩,冯笑珍.浅析河流水环境中水质模型参数[J].山西冶金.1994.4.
[45] 崔静,李桂兰,祁超征.最优化技术在水质模型估算中的应用[J].水利与建筑工程学报.2003.3.
[46] 夏青.南水北调工程水污染防治规划[J].中国环保产业专题.2003.1.
[47] 任光照.治污是南水北调成功的关键.南水北调与水利科技.2003.12.
[48] 尧桂龙.南水北调中线汗江中下游水质预测与水污染控制仿真研究.西安理工大学硕士毕业论文.
[49] 阮晓红,朱维斌.南水北调东线工程江苏段水污染防治对策研究[J].河海大学学报.2002.11.
[50] 许新宜,尹宏伟,姚建文.南水北调东线治污及其输水水质风险分析[J].水资源保护.2004.2.
[51] 张劲松,方国华等.运用经济手段有效防治南水北调东线工程水污染[J].水资源保护. 2002.6.
[52] 汪斌,程绪水.治污先行—建设南水北调东线清水廊道[J].水资源保护.2002.8.
[2] 盛海洋,郭志永,翟秋敏.南水北调工程规划、环境影响及生态环境保护[J].水利与建筑工程学报, 2004 年 3 月.
[3] 常汗林.关于南水北调有关管理问题的思考[J].南水北调与水利科技.2003.6.
[4] Jones JAA Global Hydrology : Processes,Resources and Environment[M].Longamlimited,1997.[2].
[5] NaffT,MatsonRc.Water in the Middle Ease:Conflict to Co-operation[M].Boulder,Colo.West view Press.1992.[3].
[6] [美]武伊察.叶夫叶里赫.调水与跨流域调水[J].水利水电快报,23(13),2002:1-7.
[7] 汪明娜.跨流域调水对生态环境的影响及对策[J].环境保护,2002(3):32—35.
[8] 窦明,左其亭,胡彩虹. 南水北调工程的生态环境影响评价研究[J].郑州大学学报(工学版) 2005 年 6 月第 26 卷第 2 期
[9] 冯尚友.水资源持续利用与管理导论[M].科学出版社.2000.7.
[10] 刘昌明,傅国斌.今日水世界[M].清华大学出版社.暨南大学出版社.2000.
[11] 郑连第.中国历史上的跨流域调水工程[J].南水北调与水利科技,12(1),2003:5-7
[12] 金腊华,徐峰俊.水环境数值模拟与可视化技术[M].化学工业出版社,北京,2004.
[13] 郭劲松,李胜海等.水质模型及其应用进展[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2002.4.
[14] Andre ws K.Takyi and Barbara J.Lence.Surface water quality management using a multiple-rdalization chance constrained method[J].Water resources research, 1999,35(5):1657-1669.
[15] Michael D.Sohn et al..Reducing uncertainty in site characterization using Bayes Monte Carlo methods[J].Journal of environmental engineering, 2000,126(10):893-902.
[16] Y.Y.Yin et al..Fuzzy relation analysis for multicriteria water resources management[J].Journal of water resources research,1999,125(1):41-47.
[17] K.Sasikumar and P.P.Mujumdar.Fuzzy opimization model for water quality management of a river system [J].Journal of water resources planning and management,1998,124(2):79-88.
[18] 阎平凡,张长水,等.人工神经网络与模拟进化计算[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[19] T.R.Neelakantan,N.V.Pundarikanthan.Neuralnetwork-based simulation-optimization model for reservoir operation[J].Journal of water resources planning and management,2000,126(2):57-64.
[20] Marina Campolo,eral..Forecasting river flow rate during low-flow period using neural network[J].Water resources research,1999,35(11):3547-3552.
[21] 计勇,姚琪.GIS 技术在玄武湖水质调度中的应用[J].福建水土保持.第 16 卷第 1 期2004.3.
[22] 张行南,耿庆斋等.水质模型与地理信息系统的集成研究[J].水利学报.2004.1.
[23] 叶常明.水环境数学模型的研究进展[J].环境科学进展,1993.1.
[24] 孙颖,陈肇和等.河流及水库水质模型与通用软件综述[J].水资源保护. 2002.6.
[25] 徐祖信,廖振良.水质数学模型研究的发展阶段与空间层次[J].上海环境科学 2003.2.
[26] 郭永彬,王焰新.汉江中下游水质模拟与预测——QUAL 2K 模型的应用[J].安全与环境工程.2003.3.
[27] 陈丽华,常沁春等.BP 网络应用于黄河水质的预测研究[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版). 2003.4.
[28] 徐进,佘宗莲等.QUAL2E 模型在大沽河干流青岛段水质模拟中的应用[J].农村生态环境.2004,20(2):33-37.
[29] 刘兆金.中小型河流水质模型研究——以浦东运河为例[J].交通部上海船舶运输科学研究所学报.2000.12.
[30] 王泽良,陶建华等.渤海湾中化学需氧量(COD)扩散、降解过程研究[J].海洋通报.2004.2.
[31] 王业英.淮阴二站抽水水源调度方案研究[J].水资源与水工程学报.2004.3.
[32] 金腊华,徐峰俊.水环境数值模拟与可视化[M].化学工业出版社,环境科学与工程出版中心.北京.2004.
[33] 赵文谦.环境水利学[M].成都科技大学出版社.1986.
[34] 文生.河流水文学[M].武汉水利水电出版社.1992.
[35] 傅国伟.河流水质数学模型及其模拟计算[M].中国环境科学出版社.北京.1987.
[36] 陈声通,陈敏龄.环境系统分析.北京:高等教育出版社.1996.
[37] W.金博士.水环境数学模型.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.1987.
[38] 宋卫锋.应用水质模型方法研究河流污染控制[J].环境与开发.2000.4.
[39] 赵秀娟.滏阳河流域水污染控制系统规划的研究.太原理工大学硕士学位论文.2002.
[40] 江苏省水文水资源勘测局.江苏省淮阴第二抽水站水质控制试验水质水量监测分析报告.2003.3.
[41] 唐亮,冯琳,左玉辉.淮安市水污染控制规划研究[J].上海环境科学.2002.2.
[42] 方子云.水资源保护工作手册.河海大学出版社.1988.
[43] 王有乐,张庆芳.利用历史监测数据建立河流水质数学模型的研究[J].甘肃环境研究与监测.2003.3.
[44] 朱维栩,冯笑珍.浅析河流水环境中水质模型参数[J].山西冶金.1994.4.
[45] 崔静,李桂兰,祁超征.最优化技术在水质模型估算中的应用[J].水利与建筑工程学报.2003.3.
[46] 夏青.南水北调工程水污染防治规划[J].中国环保产业专题.2003.1.
[47] 任光照.治污是南水北调成功的关键.南水北调与水利科技.2003.12.
[48] 尧桂龙.南水北调中线汗江中下游水质预测与水污染控制仿真研究.西安理工大学硕士毕业论文.
[49] 阮晓红,朱维斌.南水北调东线工程江苏段水污染防治对策研究[J].河海大学学报.2002.11.
[50] 许新宜,尹宏伟,姚建文.南水北调东线治污及其输水水质风险分析[J].水资源保护.2004.2.
[51] 张劲松,方国华等.运用经济手段有效防治南水北调东线工程水污染[J].水资源保护. 2002.6.
[52] 汪斌,程绪水.治污先行—建设南水北调东线清水廊道[J].水资源保护.2002.8.