迫弹引信环境信息智能处理及控制电路设计
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摘要
针对82mm迫弹的应用环境,本文设计了一种引信安全系统的环境信息处理与控制电路,分别选用CPLD与ARM微处理器作为系统的安全控制器与主控制器,能够在保证迫弹作用可靠性的同时提高其在勤务处理、装填以及发射过程中的安全性。
本文分析了迫弹的勤务处理及使用时的环境信息,结合迫弹引信安全系统的特点,分别选取了后坐冲击加速度信息以及迫弹出炮口磁环境信息作为本电路系统的两种独立的环境激励。经过筛选,分别选择了适于引信复杂环境要求的相应传感器；结合国内外的微处理器在引信安全系统上的应用,提出了系统的整体设计框架及流程：双环境信息经信号处理后送入双微控制器中,按“双阈值+时间窗+时间域”算法以及阈值跳变算法对信号进行处理、识别,同时ARM主控制器采用SSP控制SPI的方式与CPLD安全控制器进行通信,当双微控制器同时满足算法和时序逻辑判别时由主控制器发出延期解保信号。
按照低功耗、小型化设计原则对硬件电路部分进行设计,整个电路部分由2块直径为24mm的双面PCB板叠加而成,经灌封后高度18mm、直径25mm。
最后对电路板进行调试,通过函数发生器模拟双环境信息验证了双微控制器的算法的准确性;最后模拟出炮口磁环境信息以及通过冲击台模拟后坐力加速度环境信息对系统进行试验,验证了整个系统的响应准确性及抗冲击能力,证明了本设计具有可行性与可靠性。
According to the application environment of the 82mm Micro-rotating mortar projectile, this paper designed a fuze safety system of environmental information processing and control circuit. CPLD and ARM microprocessor were selected as the system controller and software safety controller. It improves the safety of in service management, loading and firing process while ensuring the reliability of mortar effect.
This paper analyzed the environment information.of the mortar projectile in service and employ processing. Combined with the mortar fuze safety system features, this paper selected the information of setback acceleration environment and muzzle exit magnetic signal as the two independent ambient excitation of the system. After screening, it chooses sensors which are suitable for the complex environmental of the fuze. Combining with the application of the microprocessor at home and abroad in fuze safety system, the overall design of the system frame and process was put forward. The double environmental information is sent to double microcontroller after signal processing. Signal recognition is according to the "double threshold+time window+time domain" algorithm and threshold jump algorithm. The ARM main controller uses SSP controls SPI mode to communicate with the CPLD security controller. When double microcontroller meets both algorithm and sequential logic discrimination, the main controller will send two extension signal of removing protection.
Hardware circuit design was according to the low power consumption and miniaturization design principle. It's composed of two 24mm diameter double-sided PCB boards.The height and diameter will be 18mm and 25mm after encapsulated.
At last test the pouring system. Double environmental information input through function generator to test the accuracy of double microcontroller algorithm. AVEX test-bed and simulation of blast-off verified the responsibility and the accuracy.
本文分析了迫弹的勤务处理及使用时的环境信息,结合迫弹引信安全系统的特点,分别选取了后坐冲击加速度信息以及迫弹出炮口磁环境信息作为本电路系统的两种独立的环境激励。经过筛选,分别选择了适于引信复杂环境要求的相应传感器；结合国内外的微处理器在引信安全系统上的应用,提出了系统的整体设计框架及流程：双环境信息经信号处理后送入双微控制器中,按“双阈值+时间窗+时间域”算法以及阈值跳变算法对信号进行处理、识别,同时ARM主控制器采用SSP控制SPI的方式与CPLD安全控制器进行通信,当双微控制器同时满足算法和时序逻辑判别时由主控制器发出延期解保信号。
按照低功耗、小型化设计原则对硬件电路部分进行设计,整个电路部分由2块直径为24mm的双面PCB板叠加而成,经灌封后高度18mm、直径25mm。
最后对电路板进行调试,通过函数发生器模拟双环境信息验证了双微控制器的算法的准确性;最后模拟出炮口磁环境信息以及通过冲击台模拟后坐力加速度环境信息对系统进行试验,验证了整个系统的响应准确性及抗冲击能力,证明了本设计具有可行性与可靠性。
According to the application environment of the 82mm Micro-rotating mortar projectile, this paper designed a fuze safety system of environmental information processing and control circuit. CPLD and ARM microprocessor were selected as the system controller and software safety controller. It improves the safety of in service management, loading and firing process while ensuring the reliability of mortar effect.
This paper analyzed the environment information.of the mortar projectile in service and employ processing. Combined with the mortar fuze safety system features, this paper selected the information of setback acceleration environment and muzzle exit magnetic signal as the two independent ambient excitation of the system. After screening, it chooses sensors which are suitable for the complex environmental of the fuze. Combining with the application of the microprocessor at home and abroad in fuze safety system, the overall design of the system frame and process was put forward. The double environmental information is sent to double microcontroller after signal processing. Signal recognition is according to the "double threshold+time window+time domain" algorithm and threshold jump algorithm. The ARM main controller uses SSP controls SPI mode to communicate with the CPLD security controller. When double microcontroller meets both algorithm and sequential logic discrimination, the main controller will send two extension signal of removing protection.
Hardware circuit design was according to the low power consumption and miniaturization design principle. It's composed of two 24mm diameter double-sided PCB boards.The height and diameter will be 18mm and 25mm after encapsulated.
At last test the pouring system. Double environmental information input through function generator to test the accuracy of double microcontroller algorithm. AVEX test-bed and simulation of blast-off verified the responsibility and the accuracy.
引文
[1]马宝华.战争、技术与引信——关于引信及引信技术的发展[J].探测与控制学报,2001,23(1)：1-6
[2]杨理明.智能弹药的“大脑”智能引信[J].轻兵器,2001(12)：15-17
[3]崔占忠.引信发展若干问题[J].探测与控制学报,2008(4)：1-4
[4]Jeff Karoub. EPIC battel against terrorism will be aided by unseen machines[C/OL]. Heep://atomasoft.com.2001-09-21
[5]牛兰杰,施坤林,赵旭,翟蓉.微机电技术在引信中的应用[J].探测与控制学报,2008,30(6)：54-59
[6]Jae-Hoon Bang. A Compact GPS Antenna for Artillery Projectile Application[J].Antennas and wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE,2011, (10):266-269.
[7]Robinson C H, Wood R H, Hoang T Q. Development of Inexpensive, Ultra-Miniature MEMS-Based Safety and Arming(S&A) Device for Small-Cabliber Munition Fuzes[M]. US:Army Tank Automotive Command(TACOM) Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center(ARDEC) Fuze Division,2002
[8]Sang.Hee Yoon. Miniaturized Inertia Generators as Power Supplies for Small Caliber Fuzes[J]. IEEE,2005,41(7):2300-2306
[9]王听,张合.可重构硬件技术在引信设计中应用探讨[J].探测与控制学报,2004,26(3)：25-28
[10]张贤彪,尚雅玲.引信安全系统信息控制逻辑分析[J].四川兵工学报,2010,31(1)：32-35
[11]李豪杰,张河.引信安全系统及其功能范畴探讨[J].探测与控制学报,2006,28(5)：4-7
[12]黄洁.可编程逻辑器件及其应用前景[J].科技论坛,2005(13)：38
[13]J. Huang. A technique for an array to generate circular polarization with linearly polarized elements[J]. IEEE Trans.1986(9):1113-1124
[14]赵喜发,李志龙.迫击炮杂谈[J].轻兵器,2008,(4)：9-11
[15]赵喜发.王黎涛,朱艳辉.形体虽小内脏复杂——漫谈我国早期迫击炮弹引信.轻兵器[J].2008(18)：42-44
[16]郭占红,焦红.引信电子安全与解除保险装置研究及设计准则的制订[J].国防技术基础,2010(4)：6-10
[17]李世中.弹道环境测试及其在引信中应用的研究[J].弹道学报.2000(3)：84-88
[18]王利,张冬冬,牛晓东.涡轮发电机可调喷管技术研究[J].探测与控制学报,2008(30)：60-62
[19]李豪杰,张河.迫弹出炮口信号检测及其在引信中的应用[J].探测与控制学报,2004,26(4)：5-8
[20]孙晓波,曹旭平,李世义等.引信电子安全系统的发展[J].探测与控制学报,2003,25(2)：46-49
[21]吴雷.引信安全逻辑控制电路设计和算法研究[D].南京：南京理工大学,2008
[22]Michael L. Fisher, Richard W. Givens.40mm High Explosive Multi-Mode (HEMM) Grenade Concepts[C/OL]. NDIA Small Arms Conference, http://www.dtic.mil/ndia /2011 fuze
[23]Jeffrey M.Fornoff. Issues and Guidelines of Software Design for Safety Critical Applications[C/OL]. http://www.dtic.mil/ndia/2009fuze.
[24]Jason Friedberg. Multi-Mode Fuzing for XM1069/120MM LOS MP[C/OL]. NDIA Fuze Conference,2005
[25]Design and Development of a new Electronic Time (ET) Fuze for Mortars (XM784/XM785) [C/OL]. NDIA 45th Annual fuze Conference
[26]Lucas Jim. XM784/XM785 2nd Environment Sensor:USA NDIA,2003 [C/OL]. http://www.dtic.mil/ndia/2003fuze/2003fuze.html
[27]席占稳,聂伟荣.电磁驱动的引信MEMS解除保险机构[J].探测与控制学报,2009,31(5)：1-4
[28]郭占海.GJB814《引信结构要素》的制定及对引信“三化”的影响[J].兵工标准化,1999(2)：3-35
[29]张河.探测与识别技术[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社,2005
[30]石庚辰.关于开展引信传感器研究的问题[J].现代引信,]995(2)：15-19
[31]亢春梅,曹金名,刘光辉.国外MEMS技术的现状及其在军事领域中的应用[J].传感器技术.2002,21(6)：4-7
[32]李慧武,刘文怡,马喜宏. 一种电容式加速度传感器的温度补偿电路[J].仪表技术与传感器,2010(5)：106-110
[33]王兴举,李进曌.压电式传感器测量电路的性能分析[J.传感器世界,2007,13(5)：22-24
[34]张洪润,张亚凡,邓洪敏.传感器原理及应用[M].北就：清华大学出版社,2008
[35]王丽颖,支伟,孙红霞等.基于HMC1022磁阻传感器的数字电子罗盘的设计与实现[J].电子测量技术,2009,32(1)：108-111
[36]Honeywell Corporation.1&2 Axis Magneto resistive Microcircuits HMC1021 [EB/OL]. http://www.ssec.honeywell.com/magnetic/datasheets
[37]刘炳云,卢大伟,万德钧等.基于磁阻传感器的组合定位系统及误差补偿[J].测控技术,2001,20(2)：10-12
[38]尹兴斌.引信安全系统控制逻辑和解除保险电路设计[D].南京：南京理工大学,2011
[39]ANALOG DEVICES.LOW SUPPLY VOLTAGE AMPLIFIERS (<6V) [EB/OL]. http://www.analog.com/en/precision-op-amps/low-supply-voltage-amplifiers/produ cts/index.html
[40]Zhaoxin Zhang, Weirong NIE, Zhanwen XI. Design of a Low Noise Signal Disposal for the Infrared Detection[J]. Proceedings of the 4th ICMEM,2011:271-274
[41]Maxim～IC. MAX7418-MAX7425[Z]. Maxim Integrated Products Inc,2000
[42]Maxim～IC. MAX11661, MAX11662, MAX11663, MAX11664, MAX11665, MAX11666.500ksps, Low-Power, Serial 12-/10-/8-Bit ADCs [EB/OL]. http://www.maxim～ic.com/datasheet/index.mvp/id/7118/t/al
[43]杜建海,张丕状,李鑫旺.基于AVR和CPLD的高速数据采集系统[J].电子设计工程,2010(7)：161-163
[44]周健,闫建国,周志久.CPLD在惯性测量单元数据采集系统中的应用[J].电子测量技术,2008(11)：80-82
[45]Altera Corporation.MAX 3000A Device Family Technical Information & Support [EB/OL]. http://www.altera.com.cn/support/devices/max3k/dev～max3k.html
[46]Cook, Nigel P. Digtal electronics with PLD integration[M]. Pearson education
[47]王宇行.ARM程序分析与设计[M].北京航空航天大学出版社
[48]王成.引信安全逻辑控制电路优化设计[D].南京：南京理工大学,2009
[49]刘天时.ARM7嵌入式开发基础实验[M].北京：北京航空航天大学出版社,2007
[50]何永泰.基于CPLD的SPI接口设计[J].电脑开发与应用,2004,17(10)：27-28
[2]杨理明.智能弹药的“大脑”智能引信[J].轻兵器,2001(12)：15-17
[3]崔占忠.引信发展若干问题[J].探测与控制学报,2008(4)：1-4
[4]Jeff Karoub. EPIC battel against terrorism will be aided by unseen machines[C/OL]. Heep://atomasoft.com.2001-09-21
[5]牛兰杰,施坤林,赵旭,翟蓉.微机电技术在引信中的应用[J].探测与控制学报,2008,30(6)：54-59
[6]Jae-Hoon Bang. A Compact GPS Antenna for Artillery Projectile Application[J].Antennas and wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE,2011, (10):266-269.
[7]Robinson C H, Wood R H, Hoang T Q. Development of Inexpensive, Ultra-Miniature MEMS-Based Safety and Arming(S&A) Device for Small-Cabliber Munition Fuzes[M]. US:Army Tank Automotive Command(TACOM) Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center(ARDEC) Fuze Division,2002
[8]Sang.Hee Yoon. Miniaturized Inertia Generators as Power Supplies for Small Caliber Fuzes[J]. IEEE,2005,41(7):2300-2306
[9]王听,张合.可重构硬件技术在引信设计中应用探讨[J].探测与控制学报,2004,26(3)：25-28
[10]张贤彪,尚雅玲.引信安全系统信息控制逻辑分析[J].四川兵工学报,2010,31(1)：32-35
[11]李豪杰,张河.引信安全系统及其功能范畴探讨[J].探测与控制学报,2006,28(5)：4-7
[12]黄洁.可编程逻辑器件及其应用前景[J].科技论坛,2005(13)：38
[13]J. Huang. A technique for an array to generate circular polarization with linearly polarized elements[J]. IEEE Trans.1986(9):1113-1124
[14]赵喜发,李志龙.迫击炮杂谈[J].轻兵器,2008,(4)：9-11
[15]赵喜发.王黎涛,朱艳辉.形体虽小内脏复杂——漫谈我国早期迫击炮弹引信.轻兵器[J].2008(18)：42-44
[16]郭占红,焦红.引信电子安全与解除保险装置研究及设计准则的制订[J].国防技术基础,2010(4)：6-10
[17]李世中.弹道环境测试及其在引信中应用的研究[J].弹道学报.2000(3)：84-88
[18]王利,张冬冬,牛晓东.涡轮发电机可调喷管技术研究[J].探测与控制学报,2008(30)：60-62
[19]李豪杰,张河.迫弹出炮口信号检测及其在引信中的应用[J].探测与控制学报,2004,26(4)：5-8
[20]孙晓波,曹旭平,李世义等.引信电子安全系统的发展[J].探测与控制学报,2003,25(2)：46-49
[21]吴雷.引信安全逻辑控制电路设计和算法研究[D].南京：南京理工大学,2008
[22]Michael L. Fisher, Richard W. Givens.40mm High Explosive Multi-Mode (HEMM) Grenade Concepts[C/OL]. NDIA Small Arms Conference, http://www.dtic.mil/ndia /2011 fuze
[23]Jeffrey M.Fornoff. Issues and Guidelines of Software Design for Safety Critical Applications[C/OL]. http://www.dtic.mil/ndia/2009fuze.
[24]Jason Friedberg. Multi-Mode Fuzing for XM1069/120MM LOS MP[C/OL]. NDIA Fuze Conference,2005
[25]Design and Development of a new Electronic Time (ET) Fuze for Mortars (XM784/XM785) [C/OL]. NDIA 45th Annual fuze Conference
[26]Lucas Jim. XM784/XM785 2nd Environment Sensor:USA NDIA,2003 [C/OL]. http://www.dtic.mil/ndia/2003fuze/2003fuze.html
[27]席占稳,聂伟荣.电磁驱动的引信MEMS解除保险机构[J].探测与控制学报,2009,31(5)：1-4
[28]郭占海.GJB814《引信结构要素》的制定及对引信“三化”的影响[J].兵工标准化,1999(2)：3-35
[29]张河.探测与识别技术[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社,2005
[30]石庚辰.关于开展引信传感器研究的问题[J].现代引信,]995(2)：15-19
[31]亢春梅,曹金名,刘光辉.国外MEMS技术的现状及其在军事领域中的应用[J].传感器技术.2002,21(6)：4-7
[32]李慧武,刘文怡,马喜宏. 一种电容式加速度传感器的温度补偿电路[J].仪表技术与传感器,2010(5)：106-110
[33]王兴举,李进曌.压电式传感器测量电路的性能分析[J.传感器世界,2007,13(5)：22-24
[34]张洪润,张亚凡,邓洪敏.传感器原理及应用[M].北就：清华大学出版社,2008
[35]王丽颖,支伟,孙红霞等.基于HMC1022磁阻传感器的数字电子罗盘的设计与实现[J].电子测量技术,2009,32(1)：108-111
[36]Honeywell Corporation.1&2 Axis Magneto resistive Microcircuits HMC1021 [EB/OL]. http://www.ssec.honeywell.com/magnetic/datasheets
[37]刘炳云,卢大伟,万德钧等.基于磁阻传感器的组合定位系统及误差补偿[J].测控技术,2001,20(2)：10-12
[38]尹兴斌.引信安全系统控制逻辑和解除保险电路设计[D].南京：南京理工大学,2011
[39]ANALOG DEVICES.LOW SUPPLY VOLTAGE AMPLIFIERS (<6V) [EB/OL]. http://www.analog.com/en/precision-op-amps/low-supply-voltage-amplifiers/produ cts/index.html
[40]Zhaoxin Zhang, Weirong NIE, Zhanwen XI. Design of a Low Noise Signal Disposal for the Infrared Detection[J]. Proceedings of the 4th ICMEM,2011:271-274
[41]Maxim～IC. MAX7418-MAX7425[Z]. Maxim Integrated Products Inc,2000
[42]Maxim～IC. MAX11661, MAX11662, MAX11663, MAX11664, MAX11665, MAX11666.500ksps, Low-Power, Serial 12-/10-/8-Bit ADCs [EB/OL]. http://www.maxim～ic.com/datasheet/index.mvp/id/7118/t/al
[43]杜建海,张丕状,李鑫旺.基于AVR和CPLD的高速数据采集系统[J].电子设计工程,2010(7)：161-163
[44]周健,闫建国,周志久.CPLD在惯性测量单元数据采集系统中的应用[J].电子测量技术,2008(11)：80-82
[45]Altera Corporation.MAX 3000A Device Family Technical Information & Support [EB/OL]. http://www.altera.com.cn/support/devices/max3k/dev～max3k.html
[46]Cook, Nigel P. Digtal electronics with PLD integration[M]. Pearson education
[47]王宇行.ARM程序分析与设计[M].北京航空航天大学出版社
[48]王成.引信安全逻辑控制电路优化设计[D].南京：南京理工大学,2009
[49]刘天时.ARM7嵌入式开发基础实验[M].北京：北京航空航天大学出版社,2007
[50]何永泰.基于CPLD的SPI接口设计[J].电脑开发与应用,2004,17(10)：27-28