变速恒频无刷双馈发电系统独立运行控制研究
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摘要
目前交流励磁双馈电机在变速恒频发电系统中应用广泛,但多为有刷结构,而无刷双馈电机省去电刷和滑环结构,其维护方便,性能更加可靠,但性能还达不到实用要求。制约无刷双馈电机性能的瓶颈主要在于转子,现有转子结构有特殊笼型以及磁阻型两种,谐波含量大,功率密度小,而采用新型绕线式转子接线方式灵活,可有效降低谐波含量,提高导体利用率,解决无刷双馈电机的效率低下的问题,因而具有广泛的应用前景。
本文以绕线式转子无刷双馈电机为研究对象,主要研究其作为独立电源时单机发电运行规律和方法。论文在分析采用“变极法”和“齿谐波法”设计的绕线式转子无刷双馈电机定转子结构、磁场调制原理、运行原理基础上,研究了无刷双馈电机在发电态运行时能量传递关系,推导和建立了电机数学物理方程,并根据控制系统特性建立了电压源控制模型和电流源控制模型,对于无刷双馈电机单机发电运行状态,分别研究提出采用标量控制策略和矢量解耦控制策略,其中标量控制采用电压和频率闭环,着重研究了不同PID参数对系统动态性能的影响,比较了电压源模型和电流源模型动态响应性能；矢量解耦控制则采用双同步坐标模型的转子磁场定向矢量解耦控制策略,推导了功率绕组电压与控制绕组电流之间精确关系,由于其单机独立运行发电时端电压不恒定,提出一种基于功率绕组磁链闭环的修正模型,并结合绕线式转子结构,针对绕线式转子无刷双馈电机转子电流可测性,提出一种基于转子电流测量的精确电流控制模型和一种全数据实验测量的等效电路参数计算方法,为矢量解耦控制实用化提供了基础。
本文还研究了采用标量控制方法的船用轴带发电控制系统的实际控制系统构成,介绍了采用80C51F200的控制电路各部分工作原理,主要程序流程,以及采用商用变频器的控制方法和能量回馈器的工作原理,研制了一台输出功率为64kW的船用轴带无刷双馈发电机样机,并对该试验样机发电态运行中建压,转速和负载变化等过程进行了动态仿真和实验研究,样机实验与理论及仿真分析结果相符合。
AC excitation current of doubly fed variable speed constant frequency electrical power generation system has in the widely been used, but mostly with brush structure, which the BDFM eliminates brush and slip ring structure.It has easy maintenance, more reliable, but the performance has not yet reached practical use. It considers that constraints of BDFM performance bottlenecks mainly rotor, the existing structure, with special cage rotor and the reluctance type ,also have a large harmonic content, power density, and using the new method for wound rotor wiring flexible, can effective reduce the harmonic content, improve the conductor utilization.BDFM solves the problem of low efficiency, which has broad application prospects.
In this paper, an emphasis on control of brushless doubly-fed stand-alone power generation system has been more in-depth researched. The paper analyzes the brushless doubly-fed machine's structure of stator and rotor, the magnetic field modulation principle, operating principle. Based on the derivation and the establishment of a motor mathematical model, namely the establishment of the voltage source control model and the current source control model of power generation is running the dynamic simulation. Generator System Operation Control Strategy includes: scalar and vector control strategy for decoupling control strategy, namely the establishment of the corresponding simulation model of correct simulation results. Scalar control with voltage and frequency of the closed-loop analysis model uses different PID parameters on the system dynamic performance. The vector decoupling control reference model is according to synchronous coordinates decouple the rotor flux-oriented vector control strategy which is derived the power winding voltage and control the precise relationship between the winding currents to establish simulation model The results confirm the correctness of control strategies. According to the a special structure of the Wound-rotor BDFM, the paper proposes a control method of a precise rotor's current measurement. Paper discusses the use of scalar control method of marine-axis drive system with the actual composition of power generation, and introduces the various parts circuit working principle of 80C51F200 control system, the main program flow, mainly introduces the use of commercial inverter control method and energy feedback device works. Finally, through 64kW marine shaft brushless doubly-fed generation system,the paper made an introductory experiment, and experiments done in a few special problems analysis and commentary.
本文以绕线式转子无刷双馈电机为研究对象,主要研究其作为独立电源时单机发电运行规律和方法。论文在分析采用“变极法”和“齿谐波法”设计的绕线式转子无刷双馈电机定转子结构、磁场调制原理、运行原理基础上,研究了无刷双馈电机在发电态运行时能量传递关系,推导和建立了电机数学物理方程,并根据控制系统特性建立了电压源控制模型和电流源控制模型,对于无刷双馈电机单机发电运行状态,分别研究提出采用标量控制策略和矢量解耦控制策略,其中标量控制采用电压和频率闭环,着重研究了不同PID参数对系统动态性能的影响,比较了电压源模型和电流源模型动态响应性能；矢量解耦控制则采用双同步坐标模型的转子磁场定向矢量解耦控制策略,推导了功率绕组电压与控制绕组电流之间精确关系,由于其单机独立运行发电时端电压不恒定,提出一种基于功率绕组磁链闭环的修正模型,并结合绕线式转子结构,针对绕线式转子无刷双馈电机转子电流可测性,提出一种基于转子电流测量的精确电流控制模型和一种全数据实验测量的等效电路参数计算方法,为矢量解耦控制实用化提供了基础。
本文还研究了采用标量控制方法的船用轴带发电控制系统的实际控制系统构成,介绍了采用80C51F200的控制电路各部分工作原理,主要程序流程,以及采用商用变频器的控制方法和能量回馈器的工作原理,研制了一台输出功率为64kW的船用轴带无刷双馈发电机样机,并对该试验样机发电态运行中建压,转速和负载变化等过程进行了动态仿真和实验研究,样机实验与理论及仿真分析结果相符合。
AC excitation current of doubly fed variable speed constant frequency electrical power generation system has in the widely been used, but mostly with brush structure, which the BDFM eliminates brush and slip ring structure.It has easy maintenance, more reliable, but the performance has not yet reached practical use. It considers that constraints of BDFM performance bottlenecks mainly rotor, the existing structure, with special cage rotor and the reluctance type ,also have a large harmonic content, power density, and using the new method for wound rotor wiring flexible, can effective reduce the harmonic content, improve the conductor utilization.BDFM solves the problem of low efficiency, which has broad application prospects.
In this paper, an emphasis on control of brushless doubly-fed stand-alone power generation system has been more in-depth researched. The paper analyzes the brushless doubly-fed machine's structure of stator and rotor, the magnetic field modulation principle, operating principle. Based on the derivation and the establishment of a motor mathematical model, namely the establishment of the voltage source control model and the current source control model of power generation is running the dynamic simulation. Generator System Operation Control Strategy includes: scalar and vector control strategy for decoupling control strategy, namely the establishment of the corresponding simulation model of correct simulation results. Scalar control with voltage and frequency of the closed-loop analysis model uses different PID parameters on the system dynamic performance. The vector decoupling control reference model is according to synchronous coordinates decouple the rotor flux-oriented vector control strategy which is derived the power winding voltage and control the precise relationship between the winding currents to establish simulation model The results confirm the correctness of control strategies. According to the a special structure of the Wound-rotor BDFM, the paper proposes a control method of a precise rotor's current measurement. Paper discusses the use of scalar control method of marine-axis drive system with the actual composition of power generation, and introduces the various parts circuit working principle of 80C51F200 control system, the main program flow, mainly introduces the use of commercial inverter control method and energy feedback device works. Finally, through 64kW marine shaft brushless doubly-fed generation system,the paper made an introductory experiment, and experiments done in a few special problems analysis and commentary.
引文
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