摘要
目前广泛使用的机械式无级变速器,由于其结构原理存在的固有缺陷,严重影响了其功率范围的进一步扩大。只有通过改变结构,从原理上使能量流的传递方式发生改变,才能从根本上克服原有无级变速器的不足。
本文分析了机械传动装置中能量流的传递方式及作用原理,在前人已有研究成果的基础上,对一种新型连续作用机械无级变速器进行了较为详细的研究。这种新型机械无级变速器是基于啮合传动的,其能量流的传递具有连续性。在一定程度上克服了原有机械式无级变速器存在的问题,具有广阔的发展前景。本文针对输入功率为1.5KW,最大输出转速,额定输出转速的无级变速器的设计要求,并考虑到传动角及变速比等因素,在运动学仿真的基础上,对运动学参数进行了优化;本文对变换器连续作用的初始装配条件进行了理论分析与研究,对输入、输出变换器作了结构尺寸的设计,并进行了强度校核计算;本文还对变速器调速系统中主要传动构件在满足操作的灵敏度、精度、自锁性的基础上进行了结构设计;最后采用Working Model 3D软件,进行虚拟样机的计算机辅助仿真设计及运动学和动力学计算。仿真结果表明,设计已达到了运动学设计要求,动力学性能得到了提高,达到了预期的目标。
本论文研究内容是重庆市科委科技攻关项目“新型非摩擦式连续作用机械无级变速器的研制与开发”工作的一个重要部分,它将为新型非摩擦式连续作用机械无级变速器产品的开发打下良好的基础。
At present, application of impulse variable speed regulators is popularized in more and more domains, because of its inherent disadvantages in Frame Principles, it is very difficult to optimize parameters in further. However, there is one kind of possible approach, in which mode of energy stream's transmission is changeable through changing structure.
In this paper, author, on the basis of former performance, studied in detail through the analysis of energy stream's transmission mode and function principle in the mechanical transmission device. A kind of original sequential operation's impulse variable speed regulator, which is based on mesh transmission, and its energy stream's transmission has some advantage such as continuity. Thus, some research, such as overcoming the puzzle existed in primary impulse variable speed regulator, should have good prospect. Aimed at design index of input power 1.5KW, most output rotate velocity 300rpm, and rating output rotate velocity 150rpm, considering factors of angle and ratio of transmission, on the basis of kinematics simulation, author optimized the kinematics parameters.
In this paper, author has made some analysis and study to the primal assembly condition of transformer's sequential action in theory, designed structure dimension of the input and output transformer, and verified the corresponding strengthen. Further, the structure, which is to key transmission components of velocity control system of the speed regulator, has been designed based on meeting operational sensitivity, precision and self-locking. Finally, on platform of Working Model 3D software, author has carried out the virtual machinery's computer-aided simulation design and the calculation of kinematics and dynamics. The result of simulation shows that the design has met the requirements of kinematics design, improved dynamics performance and achieved desired goal.
The theme in the paper is to key parts of project of Study and Development on Original Non-frictional Continuous Action Mechanical Variable Speed Drives, which is supported by Chongqing Municipal Science and Technology Committee Schedule Projects, it will make good foundation in relative technology research domains.
引文
[1] 阮忠唐,机械无级变速器,北京,机械工业出版社,1983
[2] 周有强,机械无级变速器,北京,机械工业出版社,2001
[3] 孙桓,机械原理,北京, 人民教育出版社,1989
[4] 黄锡恺,郑文伟,北京:高等教育出版社,1989
[5] [美]C.H. [苏]C.W.拉德克利夫,运动学和机构设计,北京,机械工业出版社
[6] 唐锡宽,金德闻,机械动力学,北京,高等教育出版社,1984
[7] 张策,机械动力学,北京,高等教育出版社,2000
[8] 李会江,新型脉动式无级变速器的设计研究及机械系统方案设计工具软件的开发,重庆大学硕士学位论文,1998
[9] 杜力,基于提高动力特性的新型脉动无级变速器设计理论与方法的研究,重庆大学硕士学位论文,2001
[10] 阮忠唐.机械无级变速器设计与选用指南.北京:化学工业出版社,1999
[11] 张春林等.机械创新设计.北京:机械工业出版社,1999
[12] 徐灏,机械设计手册,第二版,北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[13] 雷雨龙,机械式自动变速器起步过程控制 ,机械工程学报,2000年5期,69~71
[14] 饶正纲,行星传动机构设计,北京:国防工业出版社,1994
[15] 杨翔宇,一种新型脉动式无级变速器的机构分析与综合,重庆大学硕士学位论文,1988
[16] 朱友民,机械原理,重庆,重庆大学出版社,1989
[17] 何小柏,机械设计,重庆,重庆大学出版社,1996
[18] Неирерывного пейсмвця1.Благора,МЕХАНИЧЕСКИЕ БЕССТУПЕНЧАТЫЕ НЕФРИКЦИОННЫЕ ПЕРЕДАЧИ
[19] 华大年,华志宏,吕静平.连杆机构设计.上海:上海科学技术出版社,1995,10
[20] 刘伟,赵健.脉动无级变速器型及尺度优化综合设计.机械,1996,23(3):22~25
[21] 林军,脉动式无级变速器发展状况及面临的问题与对策 ,机械设计与研究·2000增刊
[22] нвов А. А. Механический передачи нефрикционного типа. М: Мешиностроение 1977. 256 с
[23] Вейц В. Л. Кочура А. Е. Федотов А. И. Колебательные системы ма-шинных агрегатов. Л. ЛГУ, 1979. 256 с.
[24] Гончаравич И. Ф. Фролов К. В. Теория вибрационной техеники и технологии. М.. Н аука 1981. 319 с.
[25] Дубровский А. Ф. Новый класс техенических бесступечатых пе-редач-В кн: Динамика
инерционных трансформатаров приводов и устройств Челябинск ЧПИ 1981 вып 261, с 46~60.
[26] Пронин Б. А. Ревков Г. А. Бесступечатые клиноременные и фри-кционные передачи(вариаторы). М.: Машиностроение. 1980. 320 с
[27] Яковлев В. А. К вопросу создания механических бесступечатых передач с храповым преобразующим механизмом-В кн: Динамика инерционных трансформатаров приводов и устройств. Челябинск: ЧПИ, 1981 № 261, с 122~127.
[28] 李学荣.新机器机构的创造发明--机构综合.重庆:重庆出版社,1988
[29] 张启先,张玉茹.我国机械学研究的新进展与展望. 机械工程学报,1996,Vol.32,No.4:1~4
[30] 曲继方,安子军,曲志刚.机构创新原理.北京:科学出版社,2001
[31] 阿尔托包列夫斯基.平面机构综合.北京:机械工业出版社,1956
[32](美)Huang E.J著,刘兴祥译.机械系统的计算机辅助运动学和动力学.北京:高等教育出版社,1996
[33](民主德国)Volmer J著,石则昌,陆锡年译.连杆机构.北京:机械工业出版社,1989
[34] 刘安心,杨庭力.平面连杆机构近似运动综合.机械科学与技术,1997,Vol.16, No.2:214~224
[35] Graphical Synthesis of Four-bar Mechanisms. Mechanisms and Machine Theory. Vol19.No1, 1984:45~49
[36] 楼鸿棣,邹慧君主编.高等机械原理.北京:高等教育出版社,1990