济阳坳陷古近系区域层序地层对比与岩性—地层圈闭有利区带预测
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摘要
论文以层序地层学理论为指导,对济阳坳陷古近系进行了区域层序地层对比。以陆相断陷湖盆隐蔽油气藏勘探理论为基础,在层序地层格架内分析层序界面性质横向和纵向上的迁移和变化来研究层序界面对储集体成因类型和分布的控制作用、总结层序界面与储层分布的时空配置关系、探讨层序界面在岩性-地层圈闭形成和成藏过程中的作用,从成因上对济阳坳陷古近系岩性-地层圈闭有利区带进行预测。
综合生物地层学、磁性地层学(ESR 测年法)、地震地层学及层序地层学等地层学研究成果,以三级层序为基本组构单元对济阳坳陷古近系区域层序地层进行了统层。分析了济阳坳陷古近系各二级层序和隐蔽油气藏最为发育的重点三级层序的可对比性,认为二级层序受构造幕直接控制,具有很好的对比性。重点三级层序旋回性质具有一致性,标志性沉积物出现于相同或类似的旋回位置。T2(Es1底)、T4(Es3上底)和 T6(Es3 中底)三级层序界面性质在不同凹陷间具有明显的差异性。
在区域层序地层统层的基础上,作者对层序界面类型变化动力学成因机制、层序界面类型控砂和层序界面类型控藏进行了研究。论文首次将济阳坳陷古近系层序界面划分为 6 种成因构建样式:截超型、截平型、平超型、顶超型、平行型和整合型。通过研究认为,济阳坳陷古近系界面变化动力学因素主要包括两个方面:一是断层活动的迁移性与活动时间和活动强度的差异性控制层序界面类型的变化;二是构造沉降中心的迁移性和构造沉降幅度的差异性控制层序界面类型的变化。笔者以岩性-地层圈闭最为发育的沙三段为例,详细分析了 T4、T6 和 T6'三个关键界面的层序界面类型对各种成因类型储集砂体的控制作用。在分析济阳坳陷勘探成熟区和已发现岩性-地层油气藏分布区层序界面类型与所控制的岩性-地层圈闭类型对应关系的基础上,对六种层序界面类型控藏作用进行了分析。
最后,以“六因素(界面变化动力学、层序界面控砂、储集砂体物性、生排烃、沉积环境和层序界面控藏)预测岩性-地层圈闭有利区带”为判定依据对济阳坳陷沙三段进行了岩性-地层圈闭预测,并指出了有利勘探区带。
Based on the theory of sequence stratigraphy, regional sequence stratigraphiccorrelation is made for the Palaeogene in Jiyang Depression. And on the basis of subtleoil and gas reservoirs exploration theory for continental rift basin, the paper geneticallymade predications of lithologic & stratigraphic traps zones for Palaeogene in JiyangDepression by means of analysing lateral and longitudinal migration and changes ofsequence boundaries properties within the sequence stratigraphic framework to studysequence boundaries controlling on genetic types and distribution, summarizing thetime-space configuration relationship between sequence boundaries and reservoirdistribution, and discussing the factors of sequence boundaries while forming lithologic& stratigraphic traps.
According to the comprehensive research achievements of stratigraphy such asbiostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy (ESR dating method), seismic stratigraphy andsequence stratigraphy, a regional sequence stratigraphy framework of the Paleogene inJiyang Depression is unified on the basic unit of third-order sequences. Then the analysison the comparison of all second-order sequences and major third-order sequences inwhich subtle reservoirs were most developed, shows that the second-order sequences aredirectly controlled by tectonic episodes in the four sub-sags of the Jiyang Depression,therefore, they are similar in characteristics. The cyclicity of major third-order sequencestratigraphic framework coincides with each other among the four sub-sags, with themarker sediments developed in the same or similar cycle positions. Properties of majorthird-order sequence stratigraphic framework are consistent among four sub-depressions,with marked sediments in the same or similar cycle positions. However, the third-ordersequence boundary properties of T2, T4, and T6 are apparently different among differentsub-sags.
On the basis of regional sequence stratigraphic unification, the author does researchon the genetic dynamics mechanisms of the changes of sequence boundary types,sequence boundary sand control, and sequence boundary reservoir control. In this paper,six genetic types of sequence boundaries are divided for the Palaeogene in Jiyang
Depression for the first time, which are the onlap/truncation construction style, theparallel/truncation construction style, the onlap/parallel construction stytle, theonlap/toplap construction stytle, the parallel/parallel construction stytle, and theconformity construction style. Research shows that the genetic dynamics factorscontrolling the changes of sequence boundaries are the two following aspects: one is themigration and the differences of time and intension of fault activities, the other is themigration of tectonic depocenters and the differences of tectonic subsidence extent. Takethe third member of Shahejie formation in which subtle reservoirs were most developedas an example, the author analyses the sequence boundary types of the three key surfacesT4, T6, and T6' controlling on various genetic types of reservoir sandstones in detail. Onthe basis of analyzing the corresponding relationships between sequence boundary typesand their controlled types of lithologic & stratigraphic traps from exploration matureprovinces and the distribution areas of lithologic & stratigraphic reservoirs in JiyangDepression, sequence boundary reservoir control of the above six types of sequenceboundaries are analyzed.Finally, by using the criterion of “six factors (the changes dynamics of sequenceboundary, sequence boundary sand control, the properties of reservoir sandstones,hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, sedimentary environment, and sequenceboundary reservoirs control) to predict favorable lithologic & stratigraphic traps zones”,the author made predications of lithologic &stratigraphic traps and pointed out thefavorable exploration zones for the third member of Shahejie formation in JiyangDepression.
综合生物地层学、磁性地层学(ESR 测年法)、地震地层学及层序地层学等地层学研究成果,以三级层序为基本组构单元对济阳坳陷古近系区域层序地层进行了统层。分析了济阳坳陷古近系各二级层序和隐蔽油气藏最为发育的重点三级层序的可对比性,认为二级层序受构造幕直接控制,具有很好的对比性。重点三级层序旋回性质具有一致性,标志性沉积物出现于相同或类似的旋回位置。T2(Es1底)、T4(Es3上底)和 T6(Es3 中底)三级层序界面性质在不同凹陷间具有明显的差异性。
在区域层序地层统层的基础上,作者对层序界面类型变化动力学成因机制、层序界面类型控砂和层序界面类型控藏进行了研究。论文首次将济阳坳陷古近系层序界面划分为 6 种成因构建样式:截超型、截平型、平超型、顶超型、平行型和整合型。通过研究认为,济阳坳陷古近系界面变化动力学因素主要包括两个方面:一是断层活动的迁移性与活动时间和活动强度的差异性控制层序界面类型的变化;二是构造沉降中心的迁移性和构造沉降幅度的差异性控制层序界面类型的变化。笔者以岩性-地层圈闭最为发育的沙三段为例,详细分析了 T4、T6 和 T6'三个关键界面的层序界面类型对各种成因类型储集砂体的控制作用。在分析济阳坳陷勘探成熟区和已发现岩性-地层油气藏分布区层序界面类型与所控制的岩性-地层圈闭类型对应关系的基础上,对六种层序界面类型控藏作用进行了分析。
最后,以“六因素(界面变化动力学、层序界面控砂、储集砂体物性、生排烃、沉积环境和层序界面控藏)预测岩性-地层圈闭有利区带”为判定依据对济阳坳陷沙三段进行了岩性-地层圈闭预测,并指出了有利勘探区带。
Based on the theory of sequence stratigraphy, regional sequence stratigraphiccorrelation is made for the Palaeogene in Jiyang Depression. And on the basis of subtleoil and gas reservoirs exploration theory for continental rift basin, the paper geneticallymade predications of lithologic & stratigraphic traps zones for Palaeogene in JiyangDepression by means of analysing lateral and longitudinal migration and changes ofsequence boundaries properties within the sequence stratigraphic framework to studysequence boundaries controlling on genetic types and distribution, summarizing thetime-space configuration relationship between sequence boundaries and reservoirdistribution, and discussing the factors of sequence boundaries while forming lithologic& stratigraphic traps.
According to the comprehensive research achievements of stratigraphy such asbiostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy (ESR dating method), seismic stratigraphy andsequence stratigraphy, a regional sequence stratigraphy framework of the Paleogene inJiyang Depression is unified on the basic unit of third-order sequences. Then the analysison the comparison of all second-order sequences and major third-order sequences inwhich subtle reservoirs were most developed, shows that the second-order sequences aredirectly controlled by tectonic episodes in the four sub-sags of the Jiyang Depression,therefore, they are similar in characteristics. The cyclicity of major third-order sequencestratigraphic framework coincides with each other among the four sub-sags, with themarker sediments developed in the same or similar cycle positions. Properties of majorthird-order sequence stratigraphic framework are consistent among four sub-depressions,with marked sediments in the same or similar cycle positions. However, the third-ordersequence boundary properties of T2, T4, and T6 are apparently different among differentsub-sags.
On the basis of regional sequence stratigraphic unification, the author does researchon the genetic dynamics mechanisms of the changes of sequence boundary types,sequence boundary sand control, and sequence boundary reservoir control. In this paper,six genetic types of sequence boundaries are divided for the Palaeogene in Jiyang
Depression for the first time, which are the onlap/truncation construction style, theparallel/truncation construction style, the onlap/parallel construction stytle, theonlap/toplap construction stytle, the parallel/parallel construction stytle, and theconformity construction style. Research shows that the genetic dynamics factorscontrolling the changes of sequence boundaries are the two following aspects: one is themigration and the differences of time and intension of fault activities, the other is themigration of tectonic depocenters and the differences of tectonic subsidence extent. Takethe third member of Shahejie formation in which subtle reservoirs were most developedas an example, the author analyses the sequence boundary types of the three key surfacesT4, T6, and T6' controlling on various genetic types of reservoir sandstones in detail. Onthe basis of analyzing the corresponding relationships between sequence boundary typesand their controlled types of lithologic & stratigraphic traps from exploration matureprovinces and the distribution areas of lithologic & stratigraphic reservoirs in JiyangDepression, sequence boundary reservoir control of the above six types of sequenceboundaries are analyzed.Finally, by using the criterion of “six factors (the changes dynamics of sequenceboundary, sequence boundary sand control, the properties of reservoir sandstones,hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, sedimentary environment, and sequenceboundary reservoirs control) to predict favorable lithologic & stratigraphic traps zones”,the author made predications of lithologic &stratigraphic traps and pointed out thefavorable exploration zones for the third member of Shahejie formation in JiyangDepression.
引文
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