移动IP的树形位置管理及自适应邻居发送算法研究
|
摘要
因特网技术的普及，使得人们实现了网络通信和信息共享，但基于有线方式的Internet受到空间和时间的限制，无法满足用户随时随地能够接入因特网的要求，这成为研究移动主机路由协议的驱动力。为了在移动通信网络中运用IP协议，因特网工程任务组(IETF)制定了Mobile IP协议。Mobile IP协议是一种简单可扩展的全球Internet移动解决方案，使节点在切换链路时仍可保持正在进行的通信。未来移动通信网络的两个最重要的研究问题就是宽带和无缝漫游，而移动性管理是实现网络间无缝漫游的关键难题之一。本文就移动性管理领域两个具有挑战性的问题：位置管理和位置预测分别进行了较为详尽的探讨。
文章首先主要研究了用树形网络进行位置管理的策略，该策略主要基于当前已有的位置管理策略和业界提出的组播树策略。由典型树结构引申而出的树形网络结构最利于处理移动用户漫游时位置的管理等等问题。移动节点漫游时，移动节点在漫游域逐级向上一级可行的父节点进行登记，直至发现与归属域共享的父节点。通过数学推导，对基本策略(GSM或IS-41)和该策略的开销进行了对比研究，得出在一定条件下，该策略有其可行性。
这种树形网络结构为自适应邻居发送算法的智能化提供了一个较为理想的平台。自适应邻居发送算法是为切换管理的优化而提出的一种算法，是介于目前业界在切换领域提出的单播邻居发送算法及组播发送算法之间的一种智能发送算法。之所以称“自适应”，就是结合位置预测机制，引入模糊控制策略，系统可以根据移动台越区时切换的频度以确定需要邻居单播的基站数目。经分析推导，该机制在一定条件下的确能够提高系统的QoS性能。
Recent initiatives to add mobility to the Internet are being considered by emerging mobile service providers as possible Candidate Solutions for the delivery of IP (Internet Protocol) data to mobile users. To run IP on the mobile communication networks ,Mobile IP is defined by the Internet engineering task force ( IETF).The terms broadband! and seamless are the main keywords for future mobile communication systems and the mobility management is the most important problem in seamless roaming across systems .In this paper each aspects of mobility management are introduced, especially management framework and some protocols. Location management and location predictability are the challenging topics in the mobility management.
Firstly, this paper proposed a scheme with tree structure to manage location information for MN. The scheme mainly bases on the location management scheme and multicast-trees scheme. On the foundation of typical tree structure, the scheme is proved to be a better location management scheme whenever a mobile node crosses the boundary of location areas quickly. During a mobile node crosses the boundary of location areas, the mobile node updates to feasible father-node until the MN and its HLR belong to the same father-node. Additionally, some formulas were derived. According to these formulas, the cost of tree location management scheme, on certain conditions, is less than the cost of the basic scheme(GSM or IS-41).
At the same time, networks with tree structure have brought new ideas to the solutions of the smart for self-adaptive neighbor transmission algorithm. This algorithm is proposed to guarantee traffics QoS (quality of service) and attains smooth handoff of service traffics for MN which crosses the boundary of location areas quickly. Combining with fuzzy control algorithm and location predictability scheme, this scheme is able to decide the number of BS (base station) which needs neighbor uni-cast according to the handoff frequency of the MN. This is so called self-adaptive of this scheme. And of course, it's derived to progress QoS greatly on certain conditions.
文章首先主要研究了用树形网络进行位置管理的策略，该策略主要基于当前已有的位置管理策略和业界提出的组播树策略。由典型树结构引申而出的树形网络结构最利于处理移动用户漫游时位置的管理等等问题。移动节点漫游时，移动节点在漫游域逐级向上一级可行的父节点进行登记，直至发现与归属域共享的父节点。通过数学推导，对基本策略(GSM或IS-41)和该策略的开销进行了对比研究，得出在一定条件下，该策略有其可行性。
这种树形网络结构为自适应邻居发送算法的智能化提供了一个较为理想的平台。自适应邻居发送算法是为切换管理的优化而提出的一种算法，是介于目前业界在切换领域提出的单播邻居发送算法及组播发送算法之间的一种智能发送算法。之所以称“自适应”，就是结合位置预测机制，引入模糊控制策略，系统可以根据移动台越区时切换的频度以确定需要邻居单播的基站数目。经分析推导，该机制在一定条件下的确能够提高系统的QoS性能。
Recent initiatives to add mobility to the Internet are being considered by emerging mobile service providers as possible Candidate Solutions for the delivery of IP (Internet Protocol) data to mobile users. To run IP on the mobile communication networks ,Mobile IP is defined by the Internet engineering task force ( IETF).The terms broadband! and seamless are the main keywords for future mobile communication systems and the mobility management is the most important problem in seamless roaming across systems .In this paper each aspects of mobility management are introduced, especially management framework and some protocols. Location management and location predictability are the challenging topics in the mobility management.
Firstly, this paper proposed a scheme with tree structure to manage location information for MN. The scheme mainly bases on the location management scheme and multicast-trees scheme. On the foundation of typical tree structure, the scheme is proved to be a better location management scheme whenever a mobile node crosses the boundary of location areas quickly. During a mobile node crosses the boundary of location areas, the mobile node updates to feasible father-node until the MN and its HLR belong to the same father-node. Additionally, some formulas were derived. According to these formulas, the cost of tree location management scheme, on certain conditions, is less than the cost of the basic scheme(GSM or IS-41).
At the same time, networks with tree structure have brought new ideas to the solutions of the smart for self-adaptive neighbor transmission algorithm. This algorithm is proposed to guarantee traffics QoS (quality of service) and attains smooth handoff of service traffics for MN which crosses the boundary of location areas quickly. Combining with fuzzy control algorithm and location predictability scheme, this scheme is able to decide the number of BS (base station) which needs neighbor uni-cast according to the handoff frequency of the MN. This is so called self-adaptive of this scheme. And of course, it's derived to progress QoS greatly on certain conditions.
引文
[1] Solomon JD. Mobile IP: The Internet Unplugged. Prentice :Prentice Hall, Inc, 1999,12-18
[2] John loannidis, Dan duchamp. IP-based protocols for mobile intemet-working. In.proceedings of ACM SIGGOMM,1991,4:235-245
[3] Fumio Teraoka,Keisuke Uehara. VIP: A protocol providing host mobility.Comminications of the ACM, 1994,37(8): 67-75
[4] IETF RFC 2002. IP Mobility Support.http://www.ieee.rfc,1994,80-92
[5] Gang Wu, Mitsuhiko Mizuno.MIRAI architelture for heterogeneous network. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2002,(2): 30-39
[6] 朱艺华，高济，周根贵．移动台自调控移动性管理策略．计算机研究与发展，2002，39(6)：656-659
[7] 裘晓峰译．移动IP．北京：机械工业出版社，2000，1-208
[8] 周武旸，陆晓文，朱近康．无线互联网．北京：人民邮电出版社，2002，77-127
[9] Silva P D, sirisena H. A mobility management protocol for IP- based cellular networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, 2002,9(3): 31-37
[10] 田永春，郭伟．无线通信网络的移动性管理．电信科学，2003，12：17-20
[11] Gao Q and A Campora A. A virtual home agent based route optimization for Mobile IP. Wireless Communications and Networking conference, 2002,2: 592-596
[12] WONG V, LEUNGT V. Location management for next generation personal commumcation networks. IEEE Network, 2000,14(5):18-24
[13] WAN G, LIN E. Cost reduction in location management using semi-realtimemovement information. ACM/Baltzer J Wireless Networks, 1999,5(4): 245-256
[14] Subir Das, Anthony Meauley. Ashutosh Dutta. IDMP:on intra-domain mobility mamagement protocol for next generation wireless networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, 2002,9(3):23-37
[15] Christopher Drane et al. Positioning GSM telephones. IEEE Communication Magazine, 1998,4:46-59
[16] YU J I. Is-41 for mobility management. First Internetional conference on Universal Personal Communications, Dallas, 1992, 2:158-162
[17] Kuen-Liang Sue, Chien-Chao Tseng. One-step pointer forwarding strategy for location tracking in distributed HLR environment. IEEE. Jounnal on Selected Areas in Communications, 1997,15(8):1455-1466
[18] Yi Bing Lin, Wen-Nung Tsai, Location tracking with distrbuted HLR and Pointer Forwarding. IEEE Transaction on Vehicular Technology, 1998,47(1):58-64
[19] LIN YB. Reducing location tracking with distributed HLRS and Pointer forwarding.IEEE Trans on Veh Technol, 1998,47(1):58-64
[20] LI J,KAMEDA H,LI K.Optimal dynamic mobility management for PCS networks.IEEE/ACM Trams on Networking,2000,8(3):319-327
[21] 朱艺华，高济，周根贵．带门槛的指针推进移动性管理策略．计算机研究与发展，2002，39(5)：557-560
[22] 吴晏，文灏，黄载禄．一种基于前向指针的移动性管理策略．电子学报，1998，26(7)：79-82
[23] SUE K L, TSENG C C .One-step pointer forwarding strategy for location tracking in distributed HLR environment. IEEE Journal on selected Areas in communications,1997, 15(8): 1455-1466
[24] JAIN R, LIN Y.B. An anxiliary user location strategy employing forwording pointers to reduce network impacts of PCS. ACM/Baltier J Wireless NETWORKS, 1995,1(2): 197-210
[25] 徐洛，吴建平，徐明伟．高等计算机网络——体系结构、协议机制、算法设计与路由器技术．北京，机械工业出版社，2003，158-162
[26] 裴珂，李建东，郭峰．移动IP路由优化性能分析及仿真．电子学报，2002，30(4)：484-487
[27] Charlie Perkins, Wang kuang-Yeh. Optimized Smooth Handoffs in Mobile IP.Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE Symposium on Computers and Commumcations, 1999,8:76-85
[28] 庄宏成，张光昭．移动IP的预测移动管理．电路与系统学报，2002，7(2)：77-82
[29] Das S, Misra A, Agrawal P. TeleMIP: Telecommunications Enhanced Mobile IP Architecture for fast Intra-domain Mobility. IEEE Personal communications Magazine, 2000,8:50-58
[30] Valk A. cellular IP: a new approach to Internet host Mobility. ACM SIGCOMM Comp Commum Rev, 1999,29(1): 50-65
[31] James J Caffery, et al. Overview of radiolocation in CDMA cellular system. IEEE Communications Magaine.1998, 4:38-45
[32] Qi Bi et al. Wireless mobile communications at the start of the 21st century. IEEE Communications magazine, 2001,4:110-116
[33] Jeffery H Reed et al. An overview of the challenge and progress in meeting E-911 requirement for location service. IEEE Communication Magazine, 1998,4:30-37
[34] Chan Yeol Rark,Chong-Sun Hwang,Jin Gon Shon.Restoration Scheme of Mobility Databases by Mobility Learning and Prediction in PCS Networks.IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2001,19(10): 1962-1975
[35] 江虹．PCS网络中位置管理的二级HLR法．通信学报，2002，9：50-55
[36] POLLINI G ,GITLIN R D.The reverse virtual call setup algorithm for moblility management in PCS networks. ICC, 1995,2:745-749
[37] 孔雷，刘云新译．虚拟私用网络技术．北京：清华大学出版社，2000，43-106
[38] 钟鸣，魏允韬译．虚拟专用网的创建与实现．北京：机械工业出版社，2000，78-97
[39] DAEHYOUNG H, STEPHEN S R. Traffic model and performauce analysis for cellular mobile radio telephone systems with prioritized and nonprioritized handoff procedures. IEEE Trans on Vehicular Tech, 1986,35(3): 77-92
[40] YEUNG K L, SANJIV N.Channel management in microcell/macrocell cellular radio systems. IEEE Trans on Vehicular Tech, 1996,45(4): 601-612.
[41] Kevin M. Passino, stephen Yurkovich. Fuzzy control. Bejing:Tsinghua University press, 2001,21-95
[42] 杨伦标，高英仪．模糊数学原理及应用．广州：华南理工大学出版社．2000，94-162
[43] 李荣钧．模糊多准则决策理论与应用．北京：科学出版社，2002，8-64
[2] John loannidis, Dan duchamp. IP-based protocols for mobile intemet-working. In.proceedings of ACM SIGGOMM,1991,4:235-245
[3] Fumio Teraoka,Keisuke Uehara. VIP: A protocol providing host mobility.Comminications of the ACM, 1994,37(8): 67-75
[4] IETF RFC 2002. IP Mobility Support.http://www.ieee.rfc,1994,80-92
[5] Gang Wu, Mitsuhiko Mizuno.MIRAI architelture for heterogeneous network. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2002,(2): 30-39
[6] 朱艺华，高济，周根贵．移动台自调控移动性管理策略．计算机研究与发展，2002，39(6)：656-659
[7] 裘晓峰译．移动IP．北京：机械工业出版社，2000，1-208
[8] 周武旸，陆晓文，朱近康．无线互联网．北京：人民邮电出版社，2002，77-127
[9] Silva P D, sirisena H. A mobility management protocol for IP- based cellular networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, 2002,9(3): 31-37
[10] 田永春，郭伟．无线通信网络的移动性管理．电信科学，2003，12：17-20
[11] Gao Q and A Campora A. A virtual home agent based route optimization for Mobile IP. Wireless Communications and Networking conference, 2002,2: 592-596
[12] WONG V, LEUNGT V. Location management for next generation personal commumcation networks. IEEE Network, 2000,14(5):18-24
[13] WAN G, LIN E. Cost reduction in location management using semi-realtimemovement information. ACM/Baltzer J Wireless Networks, 1999,5(4): 245-256
[14] Subir Das, Anthony Meauley. Ashutosh Dutta. IDMP:on intra-domain mobility mamagement protocol for next generation wireless networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, 2002,9(3):23-37
[15] Christopher Drane et al. Positioning GSM telephones. IEEE Communication Magazine, 1998,4:46-59
[16] YU J I. Is-41 for mobility management. First Internetional conference on Universal Personal Communications, Dallas, 1992, 2:158-162
[17] Kuen-Liang Sue, Chien-Chao Tseng. One-step pointer forwarding strategy for location tracking in distributed HLR environment. IEEE. Jounnal on Selected Areas in Communications, 1997,15(8):1455-1466
[18] Yi Bing Lin, Wen-Nung Tsai, Location tracking with distrbuted HLR and Pointer Forwarding. IEEE Transaction on Vehicular Technology, 1998,47(1):58-64
[19] LIN YB. Reducing location tracking with distributed HLRS and Pointer forwarding.IEEE Trans on Veh Technol, 1998,47(1):58-64
[20] LI J,KAMEDA H,LI K.Optimal dynamic mobility management for PCS networks.IEEE/ACM Trams on Networking,2000,8(3):319-327
[21] 朱艺华，高济，周根贵．带门槛的指针推进移动性管理策略．计算机研究与发展，2002，39(5)：557-560
[22] 吴晏，文灏，黄载禄．一种基于前向指针的移动性管理策略．电子学报，1998，26(7)：79-82
[23] SUE K L, TSENG C C .One-step pointer forwarding strategy for location tracking in distributed HLR environment. IEEE Journal on selected Areas in communications,1997, 15(8): 1455-1466
[24] JAIN R, LIN Y.B. An anxiliary user location strategy employing forwording pointers to reduce network impacts of PCS. ACM/Baltier J Wireless NETWORKS, 1995,1(2): 197-210
[25] 徐洛，吴建平，徐明伟．高等计算机网络——体系结构、协议机制、算法设计与路由器技术．北京，机械工业出版社，2003，158-162
[26] 裴珂，李建东，郭峰．移动IP路由优化性能分析及仿真．电子学报，2002，30(4)：484-487
[27] Charlie Perkins, Wang kuang-Yeh. Optimized Smooth Handoffs in Mobile IP.Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE Symposium on Computers and Commumcations, 1999,8:76-85
[28] 庄宏成，张光昭．移动IP的预测移动管理．电路与系统学报，2002，7(2)：77-82
[29] Das S, Misra A, Agrawal P. TeleMIP: Telecommunications Enhanced Mobile IP Architecture for fast Intra-domain Mobility. IEEE Personal communications Magazine, 2000,8:50-58
[30] Valk A. cellular IP: a new approach to Internet host Mobility. ACM SIGCOMM Comp Commum Rev, 1999,29(1): 50-65
[31] James J Caffery, et al. Overview of radiolocation in CDMA cellular system. IEEE Communications Magaine.1998, 4:38-45
[32] Qi Bi et al. Wireless mobile communications at the start of the 21st century. IEEE Communications magazine, 2001,4:110-116
[33] Jeffery H Reed et al. An overview of the challenge and progress in meeting E-911 requirement for location service. IEEE Communication Magazine, 1998,4:30-37
[34] Chan Yeol Rark,Chong-Sun Hwang,Jin Gon Shon.Restoration Scheme of Mobility Databases by Mobility Learning and Prediction in PCS Networks.IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2001,19(10): 1962-1975
[35] 江虹．PCS网络中位置管理的二级HLR法．通信学报，2002，9：50-55
[36] POLLINI G ,GITLIN R D.The reverse virtual call setup algorithm for moblility management in PCS networks. ICC, 1995,2:745-749
[37] 孔雷，刘云新译．虚拟私用网络技术．北京：清华大学出版社，2000，43-106
[38] 钟鸣，魏允韬译．虚拟专用网的创建与实现．北京：机械工业出版社，2000，78-97
[39] DAEHYOUNG H, STEPHEN S R. Traffic model and performauce analysis for cellular mobile radio telephone systems with prioritized and nonprioritized handoff procedures. IEEE Trans on Vehicular Tech, 1986,35(3): 77-92
[40] YEUNG K L, SANJIV N.Channel management in microcell/macrocell cellular radio systems. IEEE Trans on Vehicular Tech, 1996,45(4): 601-612.
[41] Kevin M. Passino, stephen Yurkovich. Fuzzy control. Bejing:Tsinghua University press, 2001,21-95
[42] 杨伦标，高英仪．模糊数学原理及应用．广州：华南理工大学出版社．2000，94-162
[43] 李荣钧．模糊多准则决策理论与应用．北京：科学出版社，2002，8-64