基于多输入/输出模型的噪声源分离方法研究
|
摘要
复杂系统中主要噪声源的识别、分离、量化对系统噪声状况评估和噪声控制有着重要意义,鉴于同时采用多种方法可以确保最后分析结果的更大置信度,本文围绕这一思路开展了相关理论和试验研究工作。
本论文基于多输入/输出系统模型,采用偏相干理论、层次诊断方法和主成分分析方法对复杂机械系统主要噪声源分离量化进行理论和试验研究。首先,以多输入单输出系统为例,分析了系统输入输出之间的基本关系,推导了条件功率谱密度函数和偏相干函数的基本公式,建立了将条件功率谱函数和偏相干函数相结合的方法,并进行了仿真计算研究。其次,对主成分分析方法进行理论研究,提出了基于主成分的振动噪声源分析方法,进行了仿真计算研究,并利用该方法对船用立式离心泵的振动试验数据进行了振动源特性分析,分析结果表明,该方法可以快速、准确地给出振动源强弱的准确排序和相互之间的耦合情况。另外,还根据层次分析理论建立了基于相干函数和偏相干函数的噪声源层次诊断方法,给出了层次诊断流程;仿真计算结果表明,基于偏相干函数的噪声源层次诊断方法是解决具有强相干性多源系统的噪声源诊断问题的一种有效方法。最后,在吉林松花湖进行了船用主机的振动与噪声综合测试试验,利用主成分分析法对主机系统各振动源进行了分析,给出了各振源的量化结果,并同时也对主机系统振动源的主传递路径也进行了分析,给出了分析结果;通过各激励源的基频计算和条件谱分析,给出了各振源对辐射噪声贡献频率或频率范围,并利用基于偏相干函数的噪声源层次诊断法给出了主机各振源对辐射噪声贡献大小的排序结果。综合分析结果表明,同时采用多种方法进行复杂机械系统的噪声源分离量化比单一方法更准确、更全面。
The identification, separation, quantification of the main noise source in complex systems is of great significance to system noise assessment and noise control. Due to using a variety of ways simultaneously may ensure that the final results of the analysis is of greater degree of confidence, this paper will carry out the relevant research work by focusing on the idea mentioned above.
Based on multi input/output model, first, put multi input single output system as. an example, this paper analyzes some of the basic input-output relations, derives the basic formulas of function of conditions in the power spectral density and partial coherence function, gives the combing method of conditions of the power spectral function and the partial coherence function, and makes the relevant simulations. Secondly, by use of the principal component theory, the paper puts forward the source of vibration and noise analysis method based on principal component. Through this method, it has carried out exploratory simulation study. By combination of simulation results of the study, marine centrifugal pump of the vibration test data were analyzed. The results show that this method can quickly and accurately give the exact strength of the vibration signal sequencing, phase relationship and coupling between signals, establishes noise source level diagnostics based on the coherence function and the partial coherence function according to AHP theory, and gives the flow process and simulation results of the level of diagnosis. The results show that in order to solve the noise source diagnostic problems of multi-source system which has a strong coherence, the noise source level of diagnostic methods based on the partial coherence function is an effective way. Finally, a marine host integrated vibration and sound tests is held on the Songhua Lake in Jilin, and by using of the principal component analysis, it gives the quantitative results, the main results of the analysis of the vibration transmission path of the local oscillator. According to the calculation of the mechanical excitation of the fundamental frequency spectrum analysis of numerical and combination of the conditions of spectral analysis, the paper gives the local oscillator noise contribution of the radiation frequency; gives the host of the local oscillator noise contribution of radiation to sort size based on partial coherence analysis of the noise source level diagnostics. Comprehensive analysis of results showed that there are obvious advantages by using a variety of methods of diagnosis comparing to a single noise source diagnostic methods.
本论文基于多输入/输出系统模型,采用偏相干理论、层次诊断方法和主成分分析方法对复杂机械系统主要噪声源分离量化进行理论和试验研究。首先,以多输入单输出系统为例,分析了系统输入输出之间的基本关系,推导了条件功率谱密度函数和偏相干函数的基本公式,建立了将条件功率谱函数和偏相干函数相结合的方法,并进行了仿真计算研究。其次,对主成分分析方法进行理论研究,提出了基于主成分的振动噪声源分析方法,进行了仿真计算研究,并利用该方法对船用立式离心泵的振动试验数据进行了振动源特性分析,分析结果表明,该方法可以快速、准确地给出振动源强弱的准确排序和相互之间的耦合情况。另外,还根据层次分析理论建立了基于相干函数和偏相干函数的噪声源层次诊断方法,给出了层次诊断流程;仿真计算结果表明,基于偏相干函数的噪声源层次诊断方法是解决具有强相干性多源系统的噪声源诊断问题的一种有效方法。最后,在吉林松花湖进行了船用主机的振动与噪声综合测试试验,利用主成分分析法对主机系统各振动源进行了分析,给出了各振源的量化结果,并同时也对主机系统振动源的主传递路径也进行了分析,给出了分析结果;通过各激励源的基频计算和条件谱分析,给出了各振源对辐射噪声贡献频率或频率范围,并利用基于偏相干函数的噪声源层次诊断法给出了主机各振源对辐射噪声贡献大小的排序结果。综合分析结果表明,同时采用多种方法进行复杂机械系统的噪声源分离量化比单一方法更准确、更全面。
The identification, separation, quantification of the main noise source in complex systems is of great significance to system noise assessment and noise control. Due to using a variety of ways simultaneously may ensure that the final results of the analysis is of greater degree of confidence, this paper will carry out the relevant research work by focusing on the idea mentioned above.
Based on multi input/output model, first, put multi input single output system as. an example, this paper analyzes some of the basic input-output relations, derives the basic formulas of function of conditions in the power spectral density and partial coherence function, gives the combing method of conditions of the power spectral function and the partial coherence function, and makes the relevant simulations. Secondly, by use of the principal component theory, the paper puts forward the source of vibration and noise analysis method based on principal component. Through this method, it has carried out exploratory simulation study. By combination of simulation results of the study, marine centrifugal pump of the vibration test data were analyzed. The results show that this method can quickly and accurately give the exact strength of the vibration signal sequencing, phase relationship and coupling between signals, establishes noise source level diagnostics based on the coherence function and the partial coherence function according to AHP theory, and gives the flow process and simulation results of the level of diagnosis. The results show that in order to solve the noise source diagnostic problems of multi-source system which has a strong coherence, the noise source level of diagnostic methods based on the partial coherence function is an effective way. Finally, a marine host integrated vibration and sound tests is held on the Songhua Lake in Jilin, and by using of the principal component analysis, it gives the quantitative results, the main results of the analysis of the vibration transmission path of the local oscillator. According to the calculation of the mechanical excitation of the fundamental frequency spectrum analysis of numerical and combination of the conditions of spectral analysis, the paper gives the local oscillator noise contribution of the radiation frequency; gives the host of the local oscillator noise contribution of radiation to sort size based on partial coherence analysis of the noise source level diagnostics. Comprehensive analysis of results showed that there are obvious advantages by using a variety of methods of diagnosis comparing to a single noise source diagnostic methods.
引文
[1]王之程,程宗歧,于沨,刘文帅.第1版.舰船噪声测量与分析.国防工业出版社.2004,1:1-5页
[2]J.S.贝达特,A.G.皮尔索.凌福根译.第1版.相关分析和谱分析的过程应用.国防工业出版社.1983,5:187-208页
[3]杨德森.水下航行器噪声分析及主要噪声源识别.哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文.1996:57-67页
[4]Gequn Shu,Xingyu Liang.Identification of complex diesel engine noise sources based on coherent power spectrum analysis.Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,21(2007):405-416P
[5]李增芳,何勇,宋海燕.基于主成分分析和集成神经网络的发动机故障诊断模型研究.农业工程学报.2006,22(4):131-134页
[6]Engin Avci,Ibrahim Turkoglu.An intelligent diagnosis system based on principle component analysis and ANFIS for the heart valve diseases.Expert Systems with Applications,36(2009):2873-2878P
[7]张宝成,徐雪仙.舰船水下噪声相干测量和分析的发展过程-但输入/单输出和多输入/单输出比较.船舶力学.1999,3(5):68-79页
[8]黄其柏.第1版.工程噪声控制学.武汉华中科技大学出版社.1999,8:67-82页
[9]郭金刚,申福林,赵重文.用层次诊断法识别汽车燃油空气加热器噪声源.客车技术与研究.2001,23(5):13-15页
[10]黄其柏.复杂噪声源层次诊断方法及其在风机中应用研究.分机技术.1997(6):13-16页
[11]李军梅,胡以华,陶小红.基于主成分分析与BP神经网络的识别方法研究.红外与激光工程.2005,34(6):719-723页
[12]程广福,夏春艳,刘文帅,蒋行海,刘雨东.潜艇噪声源识别和分离方法研究综述.第十届船舶水下噪声学术讨论会论文集.2005:56-60页
[13]Liu Yue-hui,Hao Zhi-yong,B1 Feng-rong,Fu Lu-hua,Han Song-tao.Engine Noise Source Identification with Diffent Methods.Transactions of Tianjin University,2002,8(3):174-177P
[14]何祚镛.实船设备结构振动和水声声强测试分析及噪声源的判别.中国造船.2003,44(3):50-58页
[15]任武超,罗浩锋,潘虹,韩义勇,卫海桥.结合多种方法进行六缸柴油机噪声源识别研究.内燃机工程.2008,29(2):66-70页
[16]杨德森.利用偏相干方法识别主要激励源.哈尔滨船舶工程学院学报.1994,15(3):35-44页
[17]刘培晨,戈升波.利用偏相干函数识别振动源和噪声源.山东纺织工学院学报.1994,9(4):58-64页
[18]赵海澜,汪鸿振.偏相干分析识别噪声源的计算.噪声与振动控制.2005(8):31-33页
[19]郑绪,郑文忠.电测车车厢底板振源的偏相干分析.农业工程学报.1995,11(2):81-85页
[20]胡博.基于偏相干分析法的工频干扰消除.哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文.2006:10-27页
[21]C.J.Dodds and J.D.Robson.Partial Coherence in Multivariate Random Process.Journal of Sound and Vibration,1975,42(2):243-249P
[22]J.S.Bendat.Solution for the Multiple Input/Output Problem.Journal of Sound and Vibration,1976,44(3):311-325P
[23]马忠诚.偏相干方法分析及其工程应用.应用声学.1994,(3):25-30页
[24]黄其柏,王雪川,卢文祥等.分布噪声源诊断的偏相干理论与方法.声学技术.1995(3):97-101
[25]马忠诚,余珍,程宗歧,于沨.应用多输入模型分析实艇噪声.第五届船舶水下噪声学术讨论会论文集.1993:121-122页
[26]张宝成,徐雪仙.舰艇水下噪声源贡献的分析.舰船力学情报.1994,(10):40-46页
[27]邰淑彩,孙韫玉,何娟娟.第2版.应用数理统计.武汉大学出版社. 2005,7:248-256页
[28]徐青,郭忠印,丁艺.第1版.应用数理统计.武汉大学出版社.2005,7:248-256页
[29]李春平,杨益民,葛莹玉.主成分法和层次分析法在对综合指标定量评价中的比较.南京财经大学学报.2005(5):19-23页
[30]张鹏.基于主成分分析的综合评价研究.南京理工大学博士学位论文.2004,6:24-31页
[31]陈述云,张崇甫.对多指标综合评价的主成分分析方法的改进.统计研究.1995,(1):35-39页
[32]M.-S.Cho and K.-J.Kim.Indirect input identification in multi-source environments by principal component analysis.Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2002,16(5):873-883P
[33]Saaty T L.The Analytic Hierarchy Process.New York,Mc Graw-Hill,1989:32-35P
[34]储敏.层次分析法中判断矩阵的构造问题.南京理工大学硕士学位论文.2005,6:10-26页
[35]Golden B,Wasil E,Harker P.The Analytic Hierarchy Process.Applications and studies.Heidelberg:Springer,1989:32-35P
[36]朱建军.层次分析法的若干问题研究及应用.东北大学博士学位论文.2005,2:27-51页
[37]Saaty T L.Fundamentals of Decision Making and Priority Theory with the Analytic Pierarchy Process.Pittsburgh:RWS Publications,1994:56-64P
[38]Lawrence Bodin,Saul I Gass.On Teaching the Analytic Hierarchy Process.Computers and Operations Research.2003,30(8):1487-1497P
[39]郭齐胜,董志明,李亮,曹军海,单家元.第1版.系统建模与仿真.2007,7:228-245页
[40]王应明.判断矩阵排序方法综述.决策与决策支持系统.1995(3):27-33
[41]郭凤鸣,成金华.层次分析法判断矩阵一致性检验及偏差修正方法研究.地质矿产技术经济.1997,10(7):19-24页
[42]吕慎,田锋,李旭宏.我国大城市客运交通结构发展模式研究-应用层次分析-主成分分析组合评判法.土木工程学报.2003(1):30-35页
[43]杜丽萍.现代谱估计在噪声源识别中的应用.东北师范大学硕士学位论文.2007,5:4-14页
[44]马大猷.第1版.噪声与振动控制工程手册.北京:机械工业出版社,2002,9:73-101页
[2]J.S.贝达特,A.G.皮尔索.凌福根译.第1版.相关分析和谱分析的过程应用.国防工业出版社.1983,5:187-208页
[3]杨德森.水下航行器噪声分析及主要噪声源识别.哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文.1996:57-67页
[4]Gequn Shu,Xingyu Liang.Identification of complex diesel engine noise sources based on coherent power spectrum analysis.Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,21(2007):405-416P
[5]李增芳,何勇,宋海燕.基于主成分分析和集成神经网络的发动机故障诊断模型研究.农业工程学报.2006,22(4):131-134页
[6]Engin Avci,Ibrahim Turkoglu.An intelligent diagnosis system based on principle component analysis and ANFIS for the heart valve diseases.Expert Systems with Applications,36(2009):2873-2878P
[7]张宝成,徐雪仙.舰船水下噪声相干测量和分析的发展过程-但输入/单输出和多输入/单输出比较.船舶力学.1999,3(5):68-79页
[8]黄其柏.第1版.工程噪声控制学.武汉华中科技大学出版社.1999,8:67-82页
[9]郭金刚,申福林,赵重文.用层次诊断法识别汽车燃油空气加热器噪声源.客车技术与研究.2001,23(5):13-15页
[10]黄其柏.复杂噪声源层次诊断方法及其在风机中应用研究.分机技术.1997(6):13-16页
[11]李军梅,胡以华,陶小红.基于主成分分析与BP神经网络的识别方法研究.红外与激光工程.2005,34(6):719-723页
[12]程广福,夏春艳,刘文帅,蒋行海,刘雨东.潜艇噪声源识别和分离方法研究综述.第十届船舶水下噪声学术讨论会论文集.2005:56-60页
[13]Liu Yue-hui,Hao Zhi-yong,B1 Feng-rong,Fu Lu-hua,Han Song-tao.Engine Noise Source Identification with Diffent Methods.Transactions of Tianjin University,2002,8(3):174-177P
[14]何祚镛.实船设备结构振动和水声声强测试分析及噪声源的判别.中国造船.2003,44(3):50-58页
[15]任武超,罗浩锋,潘虹,韩义勇,卫海桥.结合多种方法进行六缸柴油机噪声源识别研究.内燃机工程.2008,29(2):66-70页
[16]杨德森.利用偏相干方法识别主要激励源.哈尔滨船舶工程学院学报.1994,15(3):35-44页
[17]刘培晨,戈升波.利用偏相干函数识别振动源和噪声源.山东纺织工学院学报.1994,9(4):58-64页
[18]赵海澜,汪鸿振.偏相干分析识别噪声源的计算.噪声与振动控制.2005(8):31-33页
[19]郑绪,郑文忠.电测车车厢底板振源的偏相干分析.农业工程学报.1995,11(2):81-85页
[20]胡博.基于偏相干分析法的工频干扰消除.哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文.2006:10-27页
[21]C.J.Dodds and J.D.Robson.Partial Coherence in Multivariate Random Process.Journal of Sound and Vibration,1975,42(2):243-249P
[22]J.S.Bendat.Solution for the Multiple Input/Output Problem.Journal of Sound and Vibration,1976,44(3):311-325P
[23]马忠诚.偏相干方法分析及其工程应用.应用声学.1994,(3):25-30页
[24]黄其柏,王雪川,卢文祥等.分布噪声源诊断的偏相干理论与方法.声学技术.1995(3):97-101
[25]马忠诚,余珍,程宗歧,于沨.应用多输入模型分析实艇噪声.第五届船舶水下噪声学术讨论会论文集.1993:121-122页
[26]张宝成,徐雪仙.舰艇水下噪声源贡献的分析.舰船力学情报.1994,(10):40-46页
[27]邰淑彩,孙韫玉,何娟娟.第2版.应用数理统计.武汉大学出版社. 2005,7:248-256页
[28]徐青,郭忠印,丁艺.第1版.应用数理统计.武汉大学出版社.2005,7:248-256页
[29]李春平,杨益民,葛莹玉.主成分法和层次分析法在对综合指标定量评价中的比较.南京财经大学学报.2005(5):19-23页
[30]张鹏.基于主成分分析的综合评价研究.南京理工大学博士学位论文.2004,6:24-31页
[31]陈述云,张崇甫.对多指标综合评价的主成分分析方法的改进.统计研究.1995,(1):35-39页
[32]M.-S.Cho and K.-J.Kim.Indirect input identification in multi-source environments by principal component analysis.Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2002,16(5):873-883P
[33]Saaty T L.The Analytic Hierarchy Process.New York,Mc Graw-Hill,1989:32-35P
[34]储敏.层次分析法中判断矩阵的构造问题.南京理工大学硕士学位论文.2005,6:10-26页
[35]Golden B,Wasil E,Harker P.The Analytic Hierarchy Process.Applications and studies.Heidelberg:Springer,1989:32-35P
[36]朱建军.层次分析法的若干问题研究及应用.东北大学博士学位论文.2005,2:27-51页
[37]Saaty T L.Fundamentals of Decision Making and Priority Theory with the Analytic Pierarchy Process.Pittsburgh:RWS Publications,1994:56-64P
[38]Lawrence Bodin,Saul I Gass.On Teaching the Analytic Hierarchy Process.Computers and Operations Research.2003,30(8):1487-1497P
[39]郭齐胜,董志明,李亮,曹军海,单家元.第1版.系统建模与仿真.2007,7:228-245页
[40]王应明.判断矩阵排序方法综述.决策与决策支持系统.1995(3):27-33
[41]郭凤鸣,成金华.层次分析法判断矩阵一致性检验及偏差修正方法研究.地质矿产技术经济.1997,10(7):19-24页
[42]吕慎,田锋,李旭宏.我国大城市客运交通结构发展模式研究-应用层次分析-主成分分析组合评判法.土木工程学报.2003(1):30-35页
[43]杜丽萍.现代谱估计在噪声源识别中的应用.东北师范大学硕士学位论文.2007,5:4-14页
[44]马大猷.第1版.噪声与振动控制工程手册.北京:机械工业出版社,2002,9:73-101页