建筑节能新技术推广现状分析与对策研究
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摘要
目前有关建筑节能的相关研究主要集中在节能技术、设备、工艺,节能效益评价,节能法律法规以及有关经济鼓励措施等方面,对于节能新技术的推广方面的研究相对较弱。因此,对于建筑节能技术的推广现状分析和对策进行研究显得非常必要。
论文根据建筑节能技术推广实践发展的需要,在研究了国内外和先进地区的理论和实践研究现状的基础上,分析了建筑节能技术的分类和发展历程,以及国内外建筑节能新技术的推广应用现状。同时分析了推广建筑节能新技术的效益及推广对象,研究了建筑节能新技术的选择评价标准,强调在评价体系中要加入当地适用性评价,选择适用于本地地质情况和气候条件的建筑节能新技术。研究了建筑节能新技术推广的过程,分析了目前我国建筑节能新技术推广方面存在的问题,如建筑节能新技术推广系统不完善,推广机构与科研教学机构自成体系,致使供给与需求脱节;关于建筑节能新技术推广相应的法律,法规有待完善等。
通过对建筑节能技术推广现状的分析,本文提出了有关建议和对策:建立“政府推动与市场引导有效结合”的建筑节能新技术推广新机制;积极推进建筑节能技术的科研推广体制改革,促进建筑工程管理节能技术的产、学、研的紧密结合;促进建筑节能新技术推广主体的多元化,优化建筑节能新技术的推广模式;完善建筑节能新技术推广模式的配套措施,加大政府资金投入;建立和健全建筑节能新技术推广工作的信息服务网络和信息反馈机制。文章的最后还写了政府关于建筑节能新技术推广的具体政策措施,希望能给政府提供一个决策支持。
At present, the research of architecture energy conservation focuses mainly on energy conservation technologies, equipment, energy conservation efficiency evaluation, energy conservation laws and regulations as well as in areas such as economic incentives , for the promotion of new architecture energy conservation Technologies is relatively weak. So it is very necessary to conduct a study on the Analysis of Current Situation and Countermeasures.
This paper bases on the need of development for promotion practices of the new architecture energy conservation technologies, on the basis of theoretical and practical research of new architecture energy conservation technologies both at home and abroad as well as in advanced districts, it analyzes the classification and application situation of new architecture energy conservation technologies. Then it analyzes the benefits and objects to promote new architecture energy conservation technologies, does research in its new alternative evaluation criteria, stress reinforce local available evaluation in the evaluation system, select those techniques applied to the local geological conditions and climate conditions. It also does research in the promotion process of new architecture energy conservation technologies, analyzes the present existing problems during its promotion process in China: the promotion system of new architecture energy conservation technologies is imperfect; scientific research institutions and teaching institutions have a style of their own, results in the deviation in supply and demand; The laws and regulations about new architecture energy conservation technologies need to be improved and so on.
In view of above problems, this paper gives strategy options about promotion for new architecture energy conservation technologies: the establishment of new promotion mechanism "the effective integration between government to promote and the market to guide" for the new energy conservation technologies; actively promote the reform of scientific research promotion system for the new architecture energy conservation technologies; and promote the production to be in close connection with the academia and research; promote diversification of the main promoters and optimize promotion model, improve relevant supporting measures, increase government funding during promotion of new architecture energy conservation technologies; Establish and improve the information service network and information feedback mechanism for the promotion work. At the last this paper gives many specific policy measures on the promotion of new architecture energy conservation technologies to hope it can provide a decisive support for the government.
论文根据建筑节能技术推广实践发展的需要,在研究了国内外和先进地区的理论和实践研究现状的基础上,分析了建筑节能技术的分类和发展历程,以及国内外建筑节能新技术的推广应用现状。同时分析了推广建筑节能新技术的效益及推广对象,研究了建筑节能新技术的选择评价标准,强调在评价体系中要加入当地适用性评价,选择适用于本地地质情况和气候条件的建筑节能新技术。研究了建筑节能新技术推广的过程,分析了目前我国建筑节能新技术推广方面存在的问题,如建筑节能新技术推广系统不完善,推广机构与科研教学机构自成体系,致使供给与需求脱节;关于建筑节能新技术推广相应的法律,法规有待完善等。
通过对建筑节能技术推广现状的分析,本文提出了有关建议和对策:建立“政府推动与市场引导有效结合”的建筑节能新技术推广新机制;积极推进建筑节能技术的科研推广体制改革,促进建筑工程管理节能技术的产、学、研的紧密结合;促进建筑节能新技术推广主体的多元化,优化建筑节能新技术的推广模式;完善建筑节能新技术推广模式的配套措施,加大政府资金投入;建立和健全建筑节能新技术推广工作的信息服务网络和信息反馈机制。文章的最后还写了政府关于建筑节能新技术推广的具体政策措施,希望能给政府提供一个决策支持。
At present, the research of architecture energy conservation focuses mainly on energy conservation technologies, equipment, energy conservation efficiency evaluation, energy conservation laws and regulations as well as in areas such as economic incentives , for the promotion of new architecture energy conservation Technologies is relatively weak. So it is very necessary to conduct a study on the Analysis of Current Situation and Countermeasures.
This paper bases on the need of development for promotion practices of the new architecture energy conservation technologies, on the basis of theoretical and practical research of new architecture energy conservation technologies both at home and abroad as well as in advanced districts, it analyzes the classification and application situation of new architecture energy conservation technologies. Then it analyzes the benefits and objects to promote new architecture energy conservation technologies, does research in its new alternative evaluation criteria, stress reinforce local available evaluation in the evaluation system, select those techniques applied to the local geological conditions and climate conditions. It also does research in the promotion process of new architecture energy conservation technologies, analyzes the present existing problems during its promotion process in China: the promotion system of new architecture energy conservation technologies is imperfect; scientific research institutions and teaching institutions have a style of their own, results in the deviation in supply and demand; The laws and regulations about new architecture energy conservation technologies need to be improved and so on.
In view of above problems, this paper gives strategy options about promotion for new architecture energy conservation technologies: the establishment of new promotion mechanism "the effective integration between government to promote and the market to guide" for the new energy conservation technologies; actively promote the reform of scientific research promotion system for the new architecture energy conservation technologies; and promote the production to be in close connection with the academia and research; promote diversification of the main promoters and optimize promotion model, improve relevant supporting measures, increase government funding during promotion of new architecture energy conservation technologies; Establish and improve the information service network and information feedback mechanism for the promotion work. At the last this paper gives many specific policy measures on the promotion of new architecture energy conservation technologies to hope it can provide a decisive support for the government.
引文
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[5]Marcelo IZQUIERDO,Maria VENEGAS,José Daniel MARCOS,etc.Life Cycle and Optimum Thickness of Thermal Insulator for Housing in Madrid[J],The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29 September:418-425.
[6]Waldo BUSTAMANTE,Ariel BOBADILLA,etc.Energy Efficiency in Houses with Thermally Improved Preformed Ceramics Brick Walls.The Case of Chile[J],The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29 September:1127-113.
[7]Ouyang Chi,Chi-ming Lai,Chung-chin Hsiao,C.J.Ho.Preliminary Investigations on the Enhancement of Rooftop Thermal Insulation Capability of Hollow Bricks with PCM Incorporated[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29September:230-233.
[8]黄春华,叶勇军.节能建筑外墙保温层厚度的经济性优化[J].建筑热能通风空调,2005(6):73-76.
[9]贾春霞,董重成,吴静怡.严寒地区既有住宅墙体节能改造研究[J].保温材料与建筑节能,2003(10):35-37.
[10]Aslihan Tavil.Window System Design and Selection for Energy Conservation in Turkey[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29September:265-273.
[11]Amjad Al-mussed,Arch.Leo Farah ad,Assad Khalid.Climatic Skin Roofs[J].The 2005World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29 September:27-29.
[12]Itaru TAKAHASHI.Development of a Passive Cooling Strategy Using Double-Roofing System with Rainwater Spraying and Its Field Testing in Terms of the Indoor Thermal Environment[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29September:91-96.
[13]Jae-SikKang,Toru SHIBA,Saburo TAKAMA.Experiments on Environmental Preservation and Energy Saving at Nest 21[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29 September:803-810.
[14]Zhen TIAN,M.Arch,James A.,Design of Energy Efficient Building with Radiant Cooling Systems[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29 September:340-347.
[15]ATSURO OKA,Jyunichi KAWAMURA,Shoji ISHIKAWA.An OutLine of the Green Power HVAC System of the Glass Pyramid in Moerenuma Park,Sapporo[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference,Tokyo,2005;27-29 September:318-32.
[16]刘玲.价值工程(VE)与建筑节能.工业建筑,2006(8):24-26,41
[17]Kwong Fai FONG.AppLication of Evolution Strategies for HVAC Optimization Problem[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29September:202-209
[18]王振.节能建筑围护结构的节能测试评价[J].大庆石油学院学报,2001(1):101-103
[19]赵鸿,赵为民,孙生根.住宅建筑的节能及其检测技术[J].住宅科技,2004(3):31-33,37
[20]邹云峰,王立久.建筑节能体系的经济评价与选择[J].绥化师专学报,2004(4):4-6[26]
[21]曹华林.产品生命周期评价(LCA)的理论及方法研究[J].西南民族大学学报(人文社科版),2004(2):281-284
[22]张旭.基于生命周期分析的建筑物能耗评价方法[J].制冷空调与电力机械,2002(4):1-3,27
[23]辞海编辑委员会.辞海(1979年版)缩印本.上海:辞书,1980:500.
[24]李汉章主编.建筑节能技术指南[M].中国建筑工业出版社.2006.
[25]姬凌云.欧盟国家城市节能技术类型研究[D].同济大学.2007.12
[26]上海市建筑节能管理办法(沪建建[2005]649号).http://law.baidu.com/0005702400046644a944aabd3ebb7532828d03c868b4.html.
[27]华虹.国外建筑节能与节能技术新发展[J].华中科技大学学报.2006(21)
[28]龙惟定.试论建筑节能的新观念[J].中国住宅设施,2005(2):10-13.
[29]徐明磊,青岛市居住建筑节能技术应用研究[D],天津大学,2007.04
[30]张洋念,方颖,蔡亮,虞维平.中西方建筑节能比较.工业建筑[M],2005第35卷第2期:37.
[31]陆维德.太阳能在建筑中的应用[J].太阳能学报,特刊,1999.
[32]关畔澄.太阳能建筑.[J]太阳能学报,特刊,1999
[33][日]松村秀-田边-主编.21世纪型住宅模式[M].机械工业出版社,2006.
[34]刁乃仁,黄鸿翔,地缘热泵-建筑节能新技术[J],建设科技,2002年10期.
[35]刘伟.基于安徽省的公共建筑节能设计策略[D].2007.08
[36]陈超.日本的建筑节能概念与政策[J]-暖通空调,2002,32(6):40-43.
[37]刘海燕.我国公共建筑空调系统能耗现状及节能技术研究[D].2006.10
[38]顾晴.既有建筑节能改造:挑战与机遇并存[J].建筑科技,2006,6:40-45
[39]美国及加州建筑节能工作的开展[J].节能与环保.2003:11
[40]民用建筑节能设计技术中国建材工业.民用建筑节能设计技术编委会编[M].2006年.
[41]建筑外围护结构[M].冷御寒编著.中国建筑工业出版社.2005年
[42]吕爱民著.应变建筑--大陆性气候的生态策略[D].同济大学出版社.2003年
[43]张克让.西部开发中的技术转移与技术选择[J]世界科技研究与发展,2002,24(2):95-99
[44]范保群,张钢,许庆瑞.国内外技术转移研究的现状与前瞻[J].科学管理研究,1996,14(2):1-6
[45]陈健.试论技术转移的传播学概念[J].科学管理研究,1999,17(3):62-64
[46]蔡立宏.建筑节能技术的综合效益[D].东南大学.
[47]《建筑节能技术》[M].中国建筑业协会建筑节能专业委员会编著.中国计划出版社1996年9月出版
[48]刘玲.价值工程(VE)与建筑节能[J].工业建筑,2006(8):24-26,41
[49]Kwong Fai FONG.Application of Evolution Strategies for HVAC Optimization Problem[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29 September:202-209
[50]Vojislav Novakovic,Johnny Norman Holist,Melos Kostic.Optimizing the Building Envelope and HVAC System for an Inpatient Room Using Simulation and Optimization Tools[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference,Tokyo,2005;27-29 September:478-48
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[56]常远.北京市建筑节能经济激励政策研究.[D].2007.07.
[2]谢艳华,“建筑节能新技术国际论坛”下月在沪举行[N],建筑时报,20070716,第007版.
[3]宋春华.广义建筑节能与综合节能措施[J].2005(11)5-11.
[4]陈孚江.既有建筑节能技术优化与评价方法研究[D].华中科技大学.2008.02.
[5]Marcelo IZQUIERDO,Maria VENEGAS,José Daniel MARCOS,etc.Life Cycle and Optimum Thickness of Thermal Insulator for Housing in Madrid[J],The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29 September:418-425.
[6]Waldo BUSTAMANTE,Ariel BOBADILLA,etc.Energy Efficiency in Houses with Thermally Improved Preformed Ceramics Brick Walls.The Case of Chile[J],The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29 September:1127-113.
[7]Ouyang Chi,Chi-ming Lai,Chung-chin Hsiao,C.J.Ho.Preliminary Investigations on the Enhancement of Rooftop Thermal Insulation Capability of Hollow Bricks with PCM Incorporated[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29September:230-233.
[8]黄春华,叶勇军.节能建筑外墙保温层厚度的经济性优化[J].建筑热能通风空调,2005(6):73-76.
[9]贾春霞,董重成,吴静怡.严寒地区既有住宅墙体节能改造研究[J].保温材料与建筑节能,2003(10):35-37.
[10]Aslihan Tavil.Window System Design and Selection for Energy Conservation in Turkey[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29September:265-273.
[11]Amjad Al-mussed,Arch.Leo Farah ad,Assad Khalid.Climatic Skin Roofs[J].The 2005World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29 September:27-29.
[12]Itaru TAKAHASHI.Development of a Passive Cooling Strategy Using Double-Roofing System with Rainwater Spraying and Its Field Testing in Terms of the Indoor Thermal Environment[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29September:91-96.
[13]Jae-SikKang,Toru SHIBA,Saburo TAKAMA.Experiments on Environmental Preservation and Energy Saving at Nest 21[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29 September:803-810.
[14]Zhen TIAN,M.Arch,James A.,Design of Energy Efficient Building with Radiant Cooling Systems[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29 September:340-347.
[15]ATSURO OKA,Jyunichi KAWAMURA,Shoji ISHIKAWA.An OutLine of the Green Power HVAC System of the Glass Pyramid in Moerenuma Park,Sapporo[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference,Tokyo,2005;27-29 September:318-32.
[16]刘玲.价值工程(VE)与建筑节能.工业建筑,2006(8):24-26,41
[17]Kwong Fai FONG.AppLication of Evolution Strategies for HVAC Optimization Problem[J].The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference.Tokyo,2005,27-29September:202-209
[18]王振.节能建筑围护结构的节能测试评价[J].大庆石油学院学报,2001(1):101-103
[19]赵鸿,赵为民,孙生根.住宅建筑的节能及其检测技术[J].住宅科技,2004(3):31-33,37
[20]邹云峰,王立久.建筑节能体系的经济评价与选择[J].绥化师专学报,2004(4):4-6[26]
[21]曹华林.产品生命周期评价(LCA)的理论及方法研究[J].西南民族大学学报(人文社科版),2004(2):281-284
[22]张旭.基于生命周期分析的建筑物能耗评价方法[J].制冷空调与电力机械,2002(4):1-3,27
[23]辞海编辑委员会.辞海(1979年版)缩印本.上海:辞书,1980:500.
[24]李汉章主编.建筑节能技术指南[M].中国建筑工业出版社.2006.
[25]姬凌云.欧盟国家城市节能技术类型研究[D].同济大学.2007.12
[26]上海市建筑节能管理办法(沪建建[2005]649号).http://law.baidu.com/0005702400046644a944aabd3ebb7532828d03c868b4.html.
[27]华虹.国外建筑节能与节能技术新发展[J].华中科技大学学报.2006(21)
[28]龙惟定.试论建筑节能的新观念[J].中国住宅设施,2005(2):10-13.
[29]徐明磊,青岛市居住建筑节能技术应用研究[D],天津大学,2007.04
[30]张洋念,方颖,蔡亮,虞维平.中西方建筑节能比较.工业建筑[M],2005第35卷第2期:37.
[31]陆维德.太阳能在建筑中的应用[J].太阳能学报,特刊,1999.
[32]关畔澄.太阳能建筑.[J]太阳能学报,特刊,1999
[33][日]松村秀-田边-主编.21世纪型住宅模式[M].机械工业出版社,2006.
[34]刁乃仁,黄鸿翔,地缘热泵-建筑节能新技术[J],建设科技,2002年10期.
[35]刘伟.基于安徽省的公共建筑节能设计策略[D].2007.08
[36]陈超.日本的建筑节能概念与政策[J]-暖通空调,2002,32(6):40-43.
[37]刘海燕.我国公共建筑空调系统能耗现状及节能技术研究[D].2006.10
[38]顾晴.既有建筑节能改造:挑战与机遇并存[J].建筑科技,2006,6:40-45
[39]美国及加州建筑节能工作的开展[J].节能与环保.2003:11
[40]民用建筑节能设计技术中国建材工业.民用建筑节能设计技术编委会编[M].2006年.
[41]建筑外围护结构[M].冷御寒编著.中国建筑工业出版社.2005年
[42]吕爱民著.应变建筑--大陆性气候的生态策略[D].同济大学出版社.2003年
[43]张克让.西部开发中的技术转移与技术选择[J]世界科技研究与发展,2002,24(2):95-99
[44]范保群,张钢,许庆瑞.国内外技术转移研究的现状与前瞻[J].科学管理研究,1996,14(2):1-6
[45]陈健.试论技术转移的传播学概念[J].科学管理研究,1999,17(3):62-64
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