基于UG的弯管胎具设计系统的研究与开发
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摘要
弯管类零件在汽车、船舶、航空等许多工业部门得到广泛应用。弯管胎具是对直管路进行弯曲,使其成形为一定空间几何形状弯管的装置。汽车等工业的飞速发展使弯管制造企业对弯管胎具的需求量不断增加,竞争的压力使得各个企业更加注重弯管胎具设计技术的改进与开发。
传统的弯管胎具设计方法是:基于通用三维CAD软件,完全人工进行设计、计算。这种人工设计方法效率低,可靠性差。另外,由于弯管类产品的相对专用性,胎具的设计也必须具备很强的专用性。因此,提高胎具的设计效率和质量是急待解决的问题,行业内亟需对于专用弯管胎具设计系统的研究与开发。基于此背景并结合某企业需求,本课题基于UG二次开发了适用于弯管的胎具设计系统。
本文首先介绍了国内外通用三维CAD系统以及基于它们设计胎具的发展概况与发展方向,在此基础上结合企业对胎具的设计需求,对系统的总体结构进行了设计,明确了系统各个模块的功能以及相互之间的联系;介绍了系统开发平台和开发工具的选择;详细介绍了系统开发要用到的关键技术:参数化设计方法、标准件模板技术、胎具模块的自动装配技术。
管路弯曲的执行(各个弯的形成)与胎具模块的生成是胎具设计的核心。论文以实例阐述了管路弯曲的本质,提出了“反求思想”的执行管路弯曲实现算法,确保了管路弯曲的效率与精度;使用参数化设计方法,结合标准件模板技术与自识别装配技术,实现了管路各个弯的胎具模块的生成。
在上述基础上,以企业应用实例验证了应用本系统进行弯管胎具设计的可行性与高效性。使用本系统进行胎具设计,方便而快捷,能够大大提高胎具设计的效率。
Elbow pipe parts are widely used in many industries, such as automobile, shipping and aircraft, etc. Bending clamping fixture is a type of mechanical device used for getting pipes into shape. With the rapid growth of the industry, bent pipe manufacturers have increased their demand for clamping fixture day by day and the competition has forced them to pay more attention to the improvement and development of elbow pipe clamping fixture technique.
Conventional design of clamping fixture is based on the universal CAD software, wholly designed artificially. However, bent pipe accessories have relative dedication character, which brings clamping fixture design a necessity of sharp dedication character also. So to promote the designing efficiency and quality is an imperative problem to deal with, and the industry is desiderating the research & development of dedicated elbow pipe clamping fixture design systems. Based on the above background, this research uses UG as the platform to complete a clamping fixture design system applied to elbow pipes.
This article firstly analyses the origin, purpose and significance of this research, describes domestic and overseas development of common three-dimensional systems and the secondary development clamping fixture design systems developed on them, and then introduces the development trend of them; on the above basis and according to the designing demand of the company, makes an overall design of the system, clarifies the function of each module and the relations between them; introduces the development platform and tools; gives a detailed introduction of key techniques demanded by this secondary development: parameterization design method, standard component template technique, self-recognition assemble of clamping fixture module.
The bending of the pipes and the generation of clamping fixture module are the core of this design. This paper elaborates the essence of tube bending and brings up the“Reverse Technique”algorithm of bending execution, which guarantees the efficiency and accuracy of pipe bending; according to standard component template technique and self-recognition assembly technique, uses parameterization design method to achieve the generation of each clamping fixture module.
On the above basis, this paper certified the feasibility and high-efficiency of using this system with a real pipe design example. The result shows the design efficiency can be greatly increased by using this system for clamping fixture design.
传统的弯管胎具设计方法是:基于通用三维CAD软件,完全人工进行设计、计算。这种人工设计方法效率低,可靠性差。另外,由于弯管类产品的相对专用性,胎具的设计也必须具备很强的专用性。因此,提高胎具的设计效率和质量是急待解决的问题,行业内亟需对于专用弯管胎具设计系统的研究与开发。基于此背景并结合某企业需求,本课题基于UG二次开发了适用于弯管的胎具设计系统。
本文首先介绍了国内外通用三维CAD系统以及基于它们设计胎具的发展概况与发展方向,在此基础上结合企业对胎具的设计需求,对系统的总体结构进行了设计,明确了系统各个模块的功能以及相互之间的联系;介绍了系统开发平台和开发工具的选择;详细介绍了系统开发要用到的关键技术:参数化设计方法、标准件模板技术、胎具模块的自动装配技术。
管路弯曲的执行(各个弯的形成)与胎具模块的生成是胎具设计的核心。论文以实例阐述了管路弯曲的本质,提出了“反求思想”的执行管路弯曲实现算法,确保了管路弯曲的效率与精度;使用参数化设计方法,结合标准件模板技术与自识别装配技术,实现了管路各个弯的胎具模块的生成。
在上述基础上,以企业应用实例验证了应用本系统进行弯管胎具设计的可行性与高效性。使用本系统进行胎具设计,方便而快捷,能够大大提高胎具设计的效率。
Elbow pipe parts are widely used in many industries, such as automobile, shipping and aircraft, etc. Bending clamping fixture is a type of mechanical device used for getting pipes into shape. With the rapid growth of the industry, bent pipe manufacturers have increased their demand for clamping fixture day by day and the competition has forced them to pay more attention to the improvement and development of elbow pipe clamping fixture technique.
Conventional design of clamping fixture is based on the universal CAD software, wholly designed artificially. However, bent pipe accessories have relative dedication character, which brings clamping fixture design a necessity of sharp dedication character also. So to promote the designing efficiency and quality is an imperative problem to deal with, and the industry is desiderating the research & development of dedicated elbow pipe clamping fixture design systems. Based on the above background, this research uses UG as the platform to complete a clamping fixture design system applied to elbow pipes.
This article firstly analyses the origin, purpose and significance of this research, describes domestic and overseas development of common three-dimensional systems and the secondary development clamping fixture design systems developed on them, and then introduces the development trend of them; on the above basis and according to the designing demand of the company, makes an overall design of the system, clarifies the function of each module and the relations between them; introduces the development platform and tools; gives a detailed introduction of key techniques demanded by this secondary development: parameterization design method, standard component template technique, self-recognition assemble of clamping fixture module.
The bending of the pipes and the generation of clamping fixture module are the core of this design. This paper elaborates the essence of tube bending and brings up the“Reverse Technique”algorithm of bending execution, which guarantees the efficiency and accuracy of pipe bending; according to standard component template technique and self-recognition assembly technique, uses parameterization design method to achieve the generation of each clamping fixture module.
On the above basis, this paper certified the feasibility and high-efficiency of using this system with a real pipe design example. The result shows the design efficiency can be greatly increased by using this system for clamping fixture design.
引文
[1]蔡东海,顾江萍,屠立群.基于OpenCASCADE软件的弯管仿真系统[J].轻工机械, 2009(01):36-38.
[2]王同海.管材塑性加工技术[M].北京:北京机械工业出版社, 1998.
[3] Y. Lin, H. Yang. Thin-walled tube precision bending process and FEM simulation: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Frontier of Design and Manufacturing, 2000[C]. International Academic Publishers.
[4]李淑珊,冯伟,安伟.用MDT实现弯管夹具CAD系统[J].汽车技术, 1998(07):25-27.
[5]田显钊.弯管检具设计系统的研究及实现[D].华中科技大学, 2006.
[6]周淑娟.浅谈CAD技术的发展[J].中国新技术新产品, 2010(04):136.
[7]毕克新,罗晓光.我国CAD技术应用存在的问题[J].中国软科学, 1999(09):71-73.
[8] H. Okabe, H. Imaoka, T. Tomiha, et al. Three dimensional apparel CAD system[J]. ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, 1992,26(2):105-110.
[9] Y. C. Kao, GCI Lin. Development of a collaborative CAD/CAM system[J]. Robotics and Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 1998,14(1):55-68.
[10]叶修梓.对国产三维CAD软件产业发展的几点思考[J]. CAD/CAM与制造业信息化, 2003(Z1):11-14.
[11]胡事民,李学军,孙家广.三维CAD支撑软件及其关键技术[J].计算机辅助设计与制造, 1998(06):41-44.
[12] YVR Reddy, K. Srinivas, V. Jagannathan, et al. Computer Support for Concurrent Engineering - Guest Editors' Introduction[J]. IEEE Computer, 1993,26(1):12-16.
[13] Thomas Kvan. Collaborative design: what is it?[J]. Automation in Construction, 2000,9(4):409-415.
[14]侯清海.数字化弯管系统及关键技术研究[D].西北工业大学, 2006.
[15]刘晓冰,高天一. CAD技术的发展趋势及主流软件产品[J].中国制造业信息化, 2003(01):41-45.
[16]苏小芳.基于UG的球铸铁件铸造工艺CAD系统的研究与开发[D].华中科技大学, 2008.
[17]李平,童时中. CAD软件二次开发研究[J].电子工程师, 1999(04):16-17.
[18]唐敦兵,李东波,张世琪. CAD应用软件的二次开发[J].计算机辅助设计与制造, 1998(01):7-9.
[19]张世华,尹德婕. CAD应用中的问题之一──关于CAD软件二次开发的研究[J].计算机辅助设计与制造, 1997(03):17-20.
[20] DESSAULT SYSTEMS. CAA V5 For CATIA Foundations Version 5[S]. 2001.
[21] DESSAULT SYSTEMS. CAA V5 For CATIA Foundations Exercises Version 5[S]. 2001.
[22]魏鹏程.基于孤立液相区的铸钢件冒口优化设计[D].华中科技大学, 2009.
[23]安受铺,魏周宏. UG软件在我国的应用综述[J].机械研究与应用, 1996(04):15-17.
[24]董正卫,田立中,付宜利. UG/OEN API编程基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2002.
[25] UGS Co..UG/OPEN API Reference,1998[S].
[26] ZKH Biwen. Study on Distributed Three-dimensional Standard Part Library System for SolidWorks[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications, 2005,15:221-223.
[27] Inc Unigraphics Solutions. UG/Open API Reference Version18.0[S]. 2001.
[28]胡道钟.微机平台的UG二次开发技巧[J].计算机辅助设计与制造, 2000(01):13-15.
[29] Inc Unigraphics Solutions. UG/Open Grip User Guide Version18.0[S]. 2001.
[30]王庆林. UG/Open GRIP实用编程基础[M]. 2002.
[31] Inc Unigraphics Solutions. UG/Open MenuScript User Guide Version18.0[S]. 2001.
[32]范元勋,庄亚红,王华坤. UG二次开发工具的使用[J].电气技术与自动化, 2002(006):70-72.
[33]费佩燕,闫允一,郭宝龙. VC++中动态链接库的实现[J].现代电子技术, 2003(8):9-11.
[34]黄翔,李迎光. UG应用开发教程与实例精解[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2005.
[35] Inc Unigraphics Solutions. UG/Open UIStyler User Guide Version18.0[S]. 2001.
[36]张军波,莫蓉,李磊,等.利用DLL在UG16.0微机版中构造用户界面[J].计算机工程, 2001(12):46-48.
[37] J. S. Ryu, Y. Yao, C. S. Koh, et al. Optimal shape design of 3-D nonlinear electromagnetic devices using parameterized design sensitivity analysis[J]. Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on, 2005,41(5):1792-1795.
[38] T. S. Chang, A. C. Ward, J. Lee, et al. Conceptual robustness in simultaneous engineering: An extension of Taguchi's parameter design[J]. Research in Engineering Design, 1994,6(4):211-222.
[39] J. S. Ryu, Y. Yao, C. S. Koh, et al. 3-D optimal shape design of pole piece in permanent magnet MRI using parameterized nonlinear design sensitivity analysis[J]. Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on, 2006,42(4):1351-1354.
[40]赵煜安.基于UG NX4.0的压铸模CAD系统的开发[D].武汉:华中科技大学, 2007.
[41]王启付,田显钊,陈钢.面向三维参数化特征造型系统的自适应装配技术[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2007(03):80-83.
[42] M. R. Corazao, M. A. Khalaf, L. M. Guerra, et al. Performance optimization using templatemapping for datapath-intensive high-level synthesis[J]. Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, IEEE Transactions on, 2002,15(8):877-888.
[43] Petty Mikel D, Cox Andy. HLA Interoperability for Existing Simulations: The Proceedings of 1997 Summer Computer Simulation Conference, 1997[C].
[44] Liu Xiaoping. An Algorithm for Feature Placement on Piping CAD System: CAD/Graphics'97, 1997[C]. International Academic Press.
[45]刘晓平,韩江洪,张佑生,等.工程CAD中的模板运算与性质研究[J].系统仿真学报, 2000(06):592-594.
[46]张治,洪雪,张泽帮. Unigraphics NX参数化设计实例教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2003.
[47]张磊.再探UG零件建库方法[J].机械工程与自动化, 2004(01):19-22.
[48]刘元朋.冲裁模智能CAD系统的开发[D].西北工业大学, 2002.
[49]彭波,廖敦明,钱高峰,等.基于UG的汽车管路检具参数化设计系统的开发与应用[J].模具工业, 2010(05):1-6.
[50]王立新.回弹与矢量弯管[J].航空工艺技术, 1984(12):3-5.
[51]刘光武,胡勇,王呈方.弯管回弹的理论分析[J].武汉理工大学学报, 2007(02):136-138.
[52]陈国新,雷先明.管材弯曲变形探讨[J].汽车工艺与材料, 2005(08):29-31.
[53]纪永飞.新型管材无模成形方法的研究与实现[D].吉林大学, 2007.
[54] S. Baudin, P. Ray, B. J. Mac Donald, et al. Development of a novel method of tube bending using finite element simulation[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2004,153:128-133.
[55]詹梅,杨合,江志强.管材弯曲成形的国内外研究现状及发展趋势[J].机械科学与技术, 2004(12):1509-1513.
[56] L. Gao, M. Strano. FEM analysis of tube pre-bending and hydroforming[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2004,151(1-3):294-297.
[2]王同海.管材塑性加工技术[M].北京:北京机械工业出版社, 1998.
[3] Y. Lin, H. Yang. Thin-walled tube precision bending process and FEM simulation: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Frontier of Design and Manufacturing, 2000[C]. International Academic Publishers.
[4]李淑珊,冯伟,安伟.用MDT实现弯管夹具CAD系统[J].汽车技术, 1998(07):25-27.
[5]田显钊.弯管检具设计系统的研究及实现[D].华中科技大学, 2006.
[6]周淑娟.浅谈CAD技术的发展[J].中国新技术新产品, 2010(04):136.
[7]毕克新,罗晓光.我国CAD技术应用存在的问题[J].中国软科学, 1999(09):71-73.
[8] H. Okabe, H. Imaoka, T. Tomiha, et al. Three dimensional apparel CAD system[J]. ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, 1992,26(2):105-110.
[9] Y. C. Kao, GCI Lin. Development of a collaborative CAD/CAM system[J]. Robotics and Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 1998,14(1):55-68.
[10]叶修梓.对国产三维CAD软件产业发展的几点思考[J]. CAD/CAM与制造业信息化, 2003(Z1):11-14.
[11]胡事民,李学军,孙家广.三维CAD支撑软件及其关键技术[J].计算机辅助设计与制造, 1998(06):41-44.
[12] YVR Reddy, K. Srinivas, V. Jagannathan, et al. Computer Support for Concurrent Engineering - Guest Editors' Introduction[J]. IEEE Computer, 1993,26(1):12-16.
[13] Thomas Kvan. Collaborative design: what is it?[J]. Automation in Construction, 2000,9(4):409-415.
[14]侯清海.数字化弯管系统及关键技术研究[D].西北工业大学, 2006.
[15]刘晓冰,高天一. CAD技术的发展趋势及主流软件产品[J].中国制造业信息化, 2003(01):41-45.
[16]苏小芳.基于UG的球铸铁件铸造工艺CAD系统的研究与开发[D].华中科技大学, 2008.
[17]李平,童时中. CAD软件二次开发研究[J].电子工程师, 1999(04):16-17.
[18]唐敦兵,李东波,张世琪. CAD应用软件的二次开发[J].计算机辅助设计与制造, 1998(01):7-9.
[19]张世华,尹德婕. CAD应用中的问题之一──关于CAD软件二次开发的研究[J].计算机辅助设计与制造, 1997(03):17-20.
[20] DESSAULT SYSTEMS. CAA V5 For CATIA Foundations Version 5[S]. 2001.
[21] DESSAULT SYSTEMS. CAA V5 For CATIA Foundations Exercises Version 5[S]. 2001.
[22]魏鹏程.基于孤立液相区的铸钢件冒口优化设计[D].华中科技大学, 2009.
[23]安受铺,魏周宏. UG软件在我国的应用综述[J].机械研究与应用, 1996(04):15-17.
[24]董正卫,田立中,付宜利. UG/OEN API编程基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2002.
[25] UGS Co..UG/OPEN API Reference,1998[S].
[26] ZKH Biwen. Study on Distributed Three-dimensional Standard Part Library System for SolidWorks[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications, 2005,15:221-223.
[27] Inc Unigraphics Solutions. UG/Open API Reference Version18.0[S]. 2001.
[28]胡道钟.微机平台的UG二次开发技巧[J].计算机辅助设计与制造, 2000(01):13-15.
[29] Inc Unigraphics Solutions. UG/Open Grip User Guide Version18.0[S]. 2001.
[30]王庆林. UG/Open GRIP实用编程基础[M]. 2002.
[31] Inc Unigraphics Solutions. UG/Open MenuScript User Guide Version18.0[S]. 2001.
[32]范元勋,庄亚红,王华坤. UG二次开发工具的使用[J].电气技术与自动化, 2002(006):70-72.
[33]费佩燕,闫允一,郭宝龙. VC++中动态链接库的实现[J].现代电子技术, 2003(8):9-11.
[34]黄翔,李迎光. UG应用开发教程与实例精解[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2005.
[35] Inc Unigraphics Solutions. UG/Open UIStyler User Guide Version18.0[S]. 2001.
[36]张军波,莫蓉,李磊,等.利用DLL在UG16.0微机版中构造用户界面[J].计算机工程, 2001(12):46-48.
[37] J. S. Ryu, Y. Yao, C. S. Koh, et al. Optimal shape design of 3-D nonlinear electromagnetic devices using parameterized design sensitivity analysis[J]. Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on, 2005,41(5):1792-1795.
[38] T. S. Chang, A. C. Ward, J. Lee, et al. Conceptual robustness in simultaneous engineering: An extension of Taguchi's parameter design[J]. Research in Engineering Design, 1994,6(4):211-222.
[39] J. S. Ryu, Y. Yao, C. S. Koh, et al. 3-D optimal shape design of pole piece in permanent magnet MRI using parameterized nonlinear design sensitivity analysis[J]. Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on, 2006,42(4):1351-1354.
[40]赵煜安.基于UG NX4.0的压铸模CAD系统的开发[D].武汉:华中科技大学, 2007.
[41]王启付,田显钊,陈钢.面向三维参数化特征造型系统的自适应装配技术[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2007(03):80-83.
[42] M. R. Corazao, M. A. Khalaf, L. M. Guerra, et al. Performance optimization using templatemapping for datapath-intensive high-level synthesis[J]. Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, IEEE Transactions on, 2002,15(8):877-888.
[43] Petty Mikel D, Cox Andy. HLA Interoperability for Existing Simulations: The Proceedings of 1997 Summer Computer Simulation Conference, 1997[C].
[44] Liu Xiaoping. An Algorithm for Feature Placement on Piping CAD System: CAD/Graphics'97, 1997[C]. International Academic Press.
[45]刘晓平,韩江洪,张佑生,等.工程CAD中的模板运算与性质研究[J].系统仿真学报, 2000(06):592-594.
[46]张治,洪雪,张泽帮. Unigraphics NX参数化设计实例教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2003.
[47]张磊.再探UG零件建库方法[J].机械工程与自动化, 2004(01):19-22.
[48]刘元朋.冲裁模智能CAD系统的开发[D].西北工业大学, 2002.
[49]彭波,廖敦明,钱高峰,等.基于UG的汽车管路检具参数化设计系统的开发与应用[J].模具工业, 2010(05):1-6.
[50]王立新.回弹与矢量弯管[J].航空工艺技术, 1984(12):3-5.
[51]刘光武,胡勇,王呈方.弯管回弹的理论分析[J].武汉理工大学学报, 2007(02):136-138.
[52]陈国新,雷先明.管材弯曲变形探讨[J].汽车工艺与材料, 2005(08):29-31.
[53]纪永飞.新型管材无模成形方法的研究与实现[D].吉林大学, 2007.
[54] S. Baudin, P. Ray, B. J. Mac Donald, et al. Development of a novel method of tube bending using finite element simulation[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2004,153:128-133.
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