方正断陷白垩系—古近系储层特征研究
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摘要
本文研究采用储层地质学、现代沉积学、层序地层学及储层评价等理论和方法及相关测试分析手段,从整个沉积盆地的区域地质背景及其古地理位置着手,以岩心、测井、钻井、测试分析资料为基础,对碎屑岩储层的岩石学特征、砂体分布、成岩作用、物性特征等,进行了深入的研究。
利用薄片鉴定资料、岩心薄片照片研究储层岩石学特征,绘制了储层岩石类型三角图,得出,岩性以长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩为主,这为次生孔隙形成提供了物质基础;成分、结构成熟度总体较低。储层粒度以中-细砂岩为主。填隙物主要为碳酸盐岩和泥质。经统计岩心物性资料表明,储层孔隙度、渗透率都比较低,主要为特低孔特低渗～低孔特低渗储层。通过对薄片、扫描电镜的观察,研究发现白垩-古近系砂岩孔隙类型以次生孔隙为主,裂缝和残余原生孔次之,成岩作用类型主要有机械压实作用、胶结作用、石英次生加大、交代作用和溶解作用。根据成岩作用研究结果,白垩-古近系储层成岩阶段基本上进入中成岩A1亚期,甚至进入中成岩A2亚期。
次生孔隙发育程度主要受胶结、石英和长石次生加大、溶解作用影响。利用了钻井、测井、地震等资料,预测了砂体展布。
最终结合储集体的宏观展布、物性变化、成岩演化、孔隙结构特征等多方面的研究认识,综合评价有利相带及有利储层分布区,为深入油气勘探提供良好的科学指导。
According to using the theories and techniques of reservoir geology, modern sedimentology, sequence stratigraphy and reservoir evaluation to research thoroughly the feature of lithology, the distribution of sand body, lithogenesis and the physical property of the clastic reservoirs, started from the regional geology background of the whole sediment basin and its ancient geology location,based on the information of core, logging, drilling, testing data.
Drawing triangular diagrams of the reservoir rock types based on the research of lithology feature which is obtained from the study to wafer data and core wafer. From the triangular diagrams, feldspar sandstone and lithic arkose are the main lithologies, this is beneficial to generate secondary pores; Compositional maturity and texture maturity are both low. The general class of reservoir is middle-fine sandstone. The general shimming materials are carbonatite and mud. From the calculated datum of core physical property,the porosity and the permeability is both low, so the reservoir is from especially low porosity and especially low permeability. According to the analysis of wafer and scanning electron microscope, the secondary pores are the main pore type of cretaceous-paleogene, the second ones are splits, inflexible ompation, ementation, uartz overgrowth, metasomasis and dissolution are the main diagenesis types. According to the analysis of diagenesis, cretaceous-paleogene’s the diagenetic stage basically entered in the middle diagenetic stage A1, or even to enter in the middle diagenetic stage A2. The second pore growth degree is mainly influenced by cementation, quartz, feldspar and diffluence. Forecast the distribution of sand body, on the basis of logging, drilling, testing data.
Finally combining the research and understanding of the regional reservoir distribution, physical groperty variation, diagenesis evolvement, pore structure, etc, generally evaluate the advantageous fades belt and advantageous reservoir distribution, which will be a good scientific guidance to improving the oil and gas eiploration.
利用薄片鉴定资料、岩心薄片照片研究储层岩石学特征,绘制了储层岩石类型三角图,得出,岩性以长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩为主,这为次生孔隙形成提供了物质基础;成分、结构成熟度总体较低。储层粒度以中-细砂岩为主。填隙物主要为碳酸盐岩和泥质。经统计岩心物性资料表明,储层孔隙度、渗透率都比较低,主要为特低孔特低渗～低孔特低渗储层。通过对薄片、扫描电镜的观察,研究发现白垩-古近系砂岩孔隙类型以次生孔隙为主,裂缝和残余原生孔次之,成岩作用类型主要有机械压实作用、胶结作用、石英次生加大、交代作用和溶解作用。根据成岩作用研究结果,白垩-古近系储层成岩阶段基本上进入中成岩A1亚期,甚至进入中成岩A2亚期。
次生孔隙发育程度主要受胶结、石英和长石次生加大、溶解作用影响。利用了钻井、测井、地震等资料,预测了砂体展布。
最终结合储集体的宏观展布、物性变化、成岩演化、孔隙结构特征等多方面的研究认识,综合评价有利相带及有利储层分布区,为深入油气勘探提供良好的科学指导。
According to using the theories and techniques of reservoir geology, modern sedimentology, sequence stratigraphy and reservoir evaluation to research thoroughly the feature of lithology, the distribution of sand body, lithogenesis and the physical property of the clastic reservoirs, started from the regional geology background of the whole sediment basin and its ancient geology location,based on the information of core, logging, drilling, testing data.
Drawing triangular diagrams of the reservoir rock types based on the research of lithology feature which is obtained from the study to wafer data and core wafer. From the triangular diagrams, feldspar sandstone and lithic arkose are the main lithologies, this is beneficial to generate secondary pores; Compositional maturity and texture maturity are both low. The general class of reservoir is middle-fine sandstone. The general shimming materials are carbonatite and mud. From the calculated datum of core physical property,the porosity and the permeability is both low, so the reservoir is from especially low porosity and especially low permeability. According to the analysis of wafer and scanning electron microscope, the secondary pores are the main pore type of cretaceous-paleogene, the second ones are splits, inflexible ompation, ementation, uartz overgrowth, metasomasis and dissolution are the main diagenesis types. According to the analysis of diagenesis, cretaceous-paleogene’s the diagenetic stage basically entered in the middle diagenetic stage A1, or even to enter in the middle diagenetic stage A2. The second pore growth degree is mainly influenced by cementation, quartz, feldspar and diffluence. Forecast the distribution of sand body, on the basis of logging, drilling, testing data.
Finally combining the research and understanding of the regional reservoir distribution, physical groperty variation, diagenesis evolvement, pore structure, etc, generally evaluate the advantageous fades belt and advantageous reservoir distribution, which will be a good scientific guidance to improving the oil and gas eiploration.
引文
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[5]郭学斌,关秋华.方正断陷方3井区砂砾岩构造气藏描述[J].大庆石油地质与开发2003,14~16.
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[13] Bloch,S. Secondary porosity in sandstones: Significance,origin,relationship to subaerial unconformities, and effect on predrill reservoir quality prediction. In: Reservoir Quality Assessment and Prediction in Clastic Rocks (Ed. M. D. Wilson). Short Course 30, Society of Sedimentary Geologist, Tulsa, OK.1994, 136~159.
[14] Smith R M, Martell A E, Critical Stability Constants. Vol.5 (1982) Plenum Publishing Corp. N.Y.
[15] Bloch S. Robert H Lander, and Linda Bonnell. Anomalously high porosity and permeability in deeply buried sandstone reservoirs: Origin and predictability. AAPG Bull., 2002, 86(2): 301~328.
[16] Worden, R.H.& Burley, S.D. Sandstone diagenesis: the evolution of sand to stone. In: Sandstone Diagenesis: Recent and Ancient (Eds S. D. Burley & R.H. Worden). Reprint Series Volume 4 of the International Association of Sedimentologist. Blackwell Science, Oxford. 2003, 3~44.
[17]郭宏莉,张荫本,胡迁勇等.岩石薄片鉴定(中华人民共和国石油与天然气行业标准SY/T5368-2000).北京:石油工业出版社,2000.
[18] {美}A.I.莱复生.石油地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1975,14~32.
[19]吴胜和,熊琦华.油气储层地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998,1~158.
[20]裘怿楠,薛舒浩,应凤祥.中国陆相油气储集层.北京:石油工业出版社,1997,147~217.
[21]李思田,陆风春,林畅松等.中国东部及邻区、新生代盆地演化及地球动力学背景,北京:中国地质大学出版社,1997,55~70.
[22] Bloch S.Secondary porosity sandstones: significance, origin, relationship to subaerial Unconformities, and effect on predrill reservoir quality prediction, In:MD Wilson, ed,Resvoir quality assessment and prediction in clastic rocks.SEPMShort Course30,1994,137~159.
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[24]赵澄林,朱筱敏.沉积岩石学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001.
[25]郑浚茂,赵省民,陈纯芳.碎屑岩储层的两种不同成岩序列[J].地质论评,1998,44(2):207~212.
[26]刘小洪,罗静兰,张三等.榆林-神木地区上古生界盒8段及山2段气层的成岩作用和成岩相[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(2):200~208.
[27]朱国华,章卫平.煤系地层砂岩成岩作用和孔隙演化研究[J].石油勘探与开发,1993,20(1):39~47.
[28] Richard G. Hoy and Kenneth D. Ridgway. Seimentology and sequence stratigraphy of fan-delta and river-delta deposystems. Pennsylvanian Minturn Formation. Coloraso[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2003,87(7): 1169~1191.
[29]戴启德,纪友亮.油气储层地质学[M] .东营:石油大学出版社,1995,37～67.
[30]方少仙,侯方浩.石油天然气储层地质学[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1998,159～161、181～187,264～278.
[31]姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002,141～169.
[32]冯增昭.沉积岩石学(上册)[M].北京:石油工业出版.
[20]郑浚茂,庞明等.碎屑储集岩的成岩作用研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1989,53～99,82～84,123～144.
[33]刘孟慧,赵澄林.储层成岩演化模式[M].东营:石油大学(华东)出版社,1989,31～34.
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