鄂尔多斯盆地东北部山西组储层控制因素分析
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摘要
通过30余口井的常规薄片鉴定、物性、压汞、扫描电镜、粒度分析等多项室内测试分析手段,结合测井、野外岩心描述、录井等资料,应用沉积学、石油地质学、岩石学、地球物理测井等学科的新理论与新方法,对鄂尔多斯盆地东北部山西组储层的岩石学特征、砂体空间展布规律、控制储层好坏的影响因素进行了分析,预测了研究区的有利储层分布规律。
研究区储层砂岩类型主要为石英砂岩,具有成分成熟度和结构成熟度均较高的特点。在成岩作用研究的基础上,确立了研究区的成岩期次为晚成岩B期。
山西组储层主要发育4类孔隙类型,即原生孔隙(原生粒间孔和残余粒间孔)、溶蚀孔隙(溶蚀粒问孔和溶蚀粒内孔)、晶间孔隙(主要为高岭石、伊利石晶间孔)和次生孔隙,其中残余粒问孔和溶蚀孔隙是本区主要的储集空间。
山西组储层具有低孔低渗的特点。孔隙度介于12.18～0.07%,平均5.26%,渗透率介于1605～0.0016×10~(-3)μm~2,平均6.65×10~(-3)μm~2。孔渗关系表明,渗透率具有随孔隙度增大而增大的趋势,这种变化趋势在不同的孔隙度区间表现有所不同。渗透率随孔隙度变化的不同趋势,反映了影响岩石储层孔渗的因素是不同的。
从孔隙度和渗透率的平面分布规律来看,其中相对高孔高渗区与河道或水下分流河道砂体的分布区域一致。
山西组储层主要受沉积相带和成岩作用的控制。其中研究区最有利储层分布在三角洲前缘相带的水下分流河道,其砂体厚度大,物性好,砂岩的分选性比较好,以粗砂岩和中砂岩为主。成岩作用对储层物性有很大的影响,压实作用是砂体孔隙度和渗透率降低的主要因素,胶结物的沉淀对储层物性的影响具有双重作用,溶蚀对储层的孔隙度和渗透率起到了一定的改善作用。
综合考虑物性、储集砂体规模与分布、含气性和与生烃中心的关系等因素,将储层分为Ⅰ1、Ⅰ2、Ⅱ1、Ⅱ2、Ⅲ五类,这五类储层在山西组的各个岩性段均有发育,其中Ⅰ1类在山2_3岩性段最为发育,Ⅲ类储层在山1岩性段最为发育。
On the base of abundant groundwork, the petrology feature, regulation of sandstone body spatial distribution and the factors of controlling reservoir characteristic are researched by mass modern testing means, such as microscope flake, EMS, high pressure mercury intrusion, thin section and so on. Many new theories and technological related to sedimentology, petroleum geology, petrology geophysical well-logging are used in the paper.Results indicate that reservoir is mainly quartz sandstone which has high component and texture maturity. And later B phase of diagenesis is established based on diagenesis studied.Primary porosity (primary intergranular and remnant intergranular), corrosion porosity (intergranular dissolution porosity and intragranular dissolution porosity), intercrystal porosity (mainly kaolinite and illite intercrystal porosity ) and induced porosity are most common in Shanxi formation, Of which remnant intergranular and corrosion porosity are main reservoir space in the area.Low porosity and permeability is the main characteristic of shanxi Formation reservoir, porosity is between 12.18-0.07%, average is 5.26%, permeability is between 1605~0.0016x10~-3μn2, average is 6.65x10~-3μm2.The confluent ofporosity and permeability indicates the tendency that permeability is increasing with porosity gradually, But the tendency is different in different porosity distribution range. The different tendency that of permeability changing with porosity imply the factor that controlling porosity and permeability of reservoir is different.The planar distribution feature of porosity and permeability indicates that high porosity and permeability area is consistent with sandstone body stretching of waterway or underwater distributary channel.The reservoir quality is controlled mainly by the sedimentary facies and diagenesis. In the area, the most high quality reservoir should be in underwater distributary channel of delta front the thick sandstone body, which has the higher
values of porosity and permeability and good separation of grain size, diagenesis influencing the values of porosity and permeability of reservoir largely.compacting action is mainly factor which lead to declining of porosity and permeability. Precipitating action of binding material has a dual influence on the values of reservoir, The values of porosity and permeability of reservoir is improved by corrosion.Reservoir is classified as I1 I2 II1 II2 and III types by comprehensive consideration of the relations among reservoir quality, sandstone distribution and gas bearing center. The five types of reservoir are abundant in Shanxi Formation. And II type is mainly distributing in shan23, III type is mainly distributing in shanl.
研究区储层砂岩类型主要为石英砂岩,具有成分成熟度和结构成熟度均较高的特点。在成岩作用研究的基础上,确立了研究区的成岩期次为晚成岩B期。
山西组储层主要发育4类孔隙类型,即原生孔隙(原生粒间孔和残余粒间孔)、溶蚀孔隙(溶蚀粒问孔和溶蚀粒内孔)、晶间孔隙(主要为高岭石、伊利石晶间孔)和次生孔隙,其中残余粒问孔和溶蚀孔隙是本区主要的储集空间。
山西组储层具有低孔低渗的特点。孔隙度介于12.18～0.07%,平均5.26%,渗透率介于1605～0.0016×10~(-3)μm~2,平均6.65×10~(-3)μm~2。孔渗关系表明,渗透率具有随孔隙度增大而增大的趋势,这种变化趋势在不同的孔隙度区间表现有所不同。渗透率随孔隙度变化的不同趋势,反映了影响岩石储层孔渗的因素是不同的。
从孔隙度和渗透率的平面分布规律来看,其中相对高孔高渗区与河道或水下分流河道砂体的分布区域一致。
山西组储层主要受沉积相带和成岩作用的控制。其中研究区最有利储层分布在三角洲前缘相带的水下分流河道,其砂体厚度大,物性好,砂岩的分选性比较好,以粗砂岩和中砂岩为主。成岩作用对储层物性有很大的影响,压实作用是砂体孔隙度和渗透率降低的主要因素,胶结物的沉淀对储层物性的影响具有双重作用,溶蚀对储层的孔隙度和渗透率起到了一定的改善作用。
综合考虑物性、储集砂体规模与分布、含气性和与生烃中心的关系等因素,将储层分为Ⅰ1、Ⅰ2、Ⅱ1、Ⅱ2、Ⅲ五类,这五类储层在山西组的各个岩性段均有发育,其中Ⅰ1类在山2_3岩性段最为发育,Ⅲ类储层在山1岩性段最为发育。
On the base of abundant groundwork, the petrology feature, regulation of sandstone body spatial distribution and the factors of controlling reservoir characteristic are researched by mass modern testing means, such as microscope flake, EMS, high pressure mercury intrusion, thin section and so on. Many new theories and technological related to sedimentology, petroleum geology, petrology geophysical well-logging are used in the paper.Results indicate that reservoir is mainly quartz sandstone which has high component and texture maturity. And later B phase of diagenesis is established based on diagenesis studied.Primary porosity (primary intergranular and remnant intergranular), corrosion porosity (intergranular dissolution porosity and intragranular dissolution porosity), intercrystal porosity (mainly kaolinite and illite intercrystal porosity ) and induced porosity are most common in Shanxi formation, Of which remnant intergranular and corrosion porosity are main reservoir space in the area.Low porosity and permeability is the main characteristic of shanxi Formation reservoir, porosity is between 12.18-0.07%, average is 5.26%, permeability is between 1605~0.0016x10~-3μn2, average is 6.65x10~-3μm2.The confluent ofporosity and permeability indicates the tendency that permeability is increasing with porosity gradually, But the tendency is different in different porosity distribution range. The different tendency that of permeability changing with porosity imply the factor that controlling porosity and permeability of reservoir is different.The planar distribution feature of porosity and permeability indicates that high porosity and permeability area is consistent with sandstone body stretching of waterway or underwater distributary channel.The reservoir quality is controlled mainly by the sedimentary facies and diagenesis. In the area, the most high quality reservoir should be in underwater distributary channel of delta front the thick sandstone body, which has the higher
values of porosity and permeability and good separation of grain size, diagenesis influencing the values of porosity and permeability of reservoir largely.compacting action is mainly factor which lead to declining of porosity and permeability. Precipitating action of binding material has a dual influence on the values of reservoir, The values of porosity and permeability of reservoir is improved by corrosion.Reservoir is classified as I1 I2 II1 II2 and III types by comprehensive consideration of the relations among reservoir quality, sandstone distribution and gas bearing center. The five types of reservoir are abundant in Shanxi Formation. And II type is mainly distributing in shan23, III type is mainly distributing in shanl.
引文
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3.[美]理查德,A.沙茨英格,约翰,F.乔丹,宋新民等译,储层表征新近展[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002
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