丹酚酸B与银杏叶提取物EGb761的药理作用比较及其相关的作用机制研究
摘要
随着人们生活水平的提高和医疗条件的改善，世界上许多国家的人均寿命有所延长，因而老龄人群的比例逐渐增大，随之而来的就是神经退行性疾病的发病率逐年上升。神经退行性疾病分为慢性和急性两类，由于其发病机制复杂，发病原因至今尚不清楚。阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种最常见的慢性神经退行性疾病，以渐进性的记忆力和认知功能障碍为主要特征；而脑缺血为急性神经退行性疾病，常见的临床表现为神经功能缺损。这两种疾病的病理改变虽然不同，但存在某些共同的神经损伤机制，如氧化应激、钙稳态失调、兴奋性氨基酸毒性等。
丹参水溶性提取物总丹酚酸和银杏叶提取物EGb761都是从天然植物中提取的有效成分，从上世纪开始，国内外学者对这这两种提取物的活性成分和药理作用进行了多年的研究，并得到了许多单体化合物。药理学研究表明，两种提取物的药理作用存在许多类似之处，其中最突出的就是抗氧化作用。近20年来，EGb761已成为国际上防治心脑血管疾病首选的天然药物，在欧洲一些国家已被批准用于AD的治疗。研发神经保护新药被列为我国科技攻关的重点项目，也越来越受到国际科学界和医药界的重视。但由于技术相对落后，缺乏量化指标和较完善的实验模型等，我国目前尚无国际上公认的明确有神经保护作用的中药。
丹酚酸B(SalB)是总丹酚酸中含量最高的单体组分(化学结构见下图)，本研究组对其进行了多年的研究，发现它有多方面的药理活性，并且对缺血缺氧引起的神经细胞损伤有明确的保护作用。因此，本研究工作利用多种神经损伤模型，对SalB和EGb761的药理作用进行比较，以评价SalB的神经保护作用，并对SalB可能的作用机制进行了初步的探讨。
The average age of our population continues to increase as the result of advances in diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancers. Unfortunately, a progressive increase in the numbers of persons with age-related neurodegenerative diseases has accompanied the increase in lifespan. Neurodegenerative diseases can be divided into two general categories: acute and chronic. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system associated with progressive cognitive and memory loss. Molecular hallmarks of the disease are characterized by extracellular deposition of the amyloid β peptide (Aβ) in senile plaques, the appearance of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), cholinergic deficit, extensive neuronal loss and synaptic changes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus and other areas of brain essential for cognitive and memory functions. Ischemic stroke, an acute neurodegenerative disorder, manifests a range of neurological deficits that are related to death of neurons supplied by the affected blood vessels; stroke kills approximately 200,000 Americans each year, is the third leading cause of death worldwide, and is a major cause of disability in the elderly. Although the histopathological features observed in the two diseases mentioned above are different, and different populations of neurons in the brain die in each disorder, many aspects of the biochemical cascades that result in neuronal death are shared, such as oxidative stress, calcium dysregulation, excitotoxicity, and
丹参水溶性提取物总丹酚酸和银杏叶提取物EGb761都是从天然植物中提取的有效成分，从上世纪开始，国内外学者对这这两种提取物的活性成分和药理作用进行了多年的研究，并得到了许多单体化合物。药理学研究表明，两种提取物的药理作用存在许多类似之处，其中最突出的就是抗氧化作用。近20年来，EGb761已成为国际上防治心脑血管疾病首选的天然药物，在欧洲一些国家已被批准用于AD的治疗。研发神经保护新药被列为我国科技攻关的重点项目，也越来越受到国际科学界和医药界的重视。但由于技术相对落后，缺乏量化指标和较完善的实验模型等，我国目前尚无国际上公认的明确有神经保护作用的中药。
丹酚酸B(SalB)是总丹酚酸中含量最高的单体组分(化学结构见下图)，本研究组对其进行了多年的研究，发现它有多方面的药理活性，并且对缺血缺氧引起的神经细胞损伤有明确的保护作用。因此，本研究工作利用多种神经损伤模型，对SalB和EGb761的药理作用进行比较，以评价SalB的神经保护作用，并对SalB可能的作用机制进行了初步的探讨。
The average age of our population continues to increase as the result of advances in diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancers. Unfortunately, a progressive increase in the numbers of persons with age-related neurodegenerative diseases has accompanied the increase in lifespan. Neurodegenerative diseases can be divided into two general categories: acute and chronic. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system associated with progressive cognitive and memory loss. Molecular hallmarks of the disease are characterized by extracellular deposition of the amyloid β peptide (Aβ) in senile plaques, the appearance of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), cholinergic deficit, extensive neuronal loss and synaptic changes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus and other areas of brain essential for cognitive and memory functions. Ischemic stroke, an acute neurodegenerative disorder, manifests a range of neurological deficits that are related to death of neurons supplied by the affected blood vessels; stroke kills approximately 200,000 Americans each year, is the third leading cause of death worldwide, and is a major cause of disability in the elderly. Although the histopathological features observed in the two diseases mentioned above are different, and different populations of neurons in the brain die in each disorder, many aspects of the biochemical cascades that result in neuronal death are shared, such as oxidative stress, calcium dysregulation, excitotoxicity, and
引文
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