地铁隧道浅埋暗挖施工对地下管线的影响
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摘要
中国的地铁时代已经来临。地铁工程将会给城市带来巨大的社会经济效益、社会效益和军事效益,同时也会带来一系列的岩土工程环境问题。随着地铁网络日益完善,市政管网逐渐复杂,地铁线路将会以各种方式穿越地下管线,隧道施工不可避免地对邻近地下管线引起扰动,影响其使用功能,甚至造成破坏。地铁隧道在穿越既有管线时,保证隧道本身的安全稳定和既有管线的正常使用既是出发点又是最终目标。若过于冒进,地铁隧道开挖引起的地层位移有可能危害地面建筑和地下管线的安全,甚至酿成重大灾难性后果;若过于保守,无疑将会大大增加不必要的人力、物力和财力。因此,深入研究地铁隧道开挖对邻近地下管线的影响这一课题就显得非常必要且意义深远。
本文以哈尔滨轨道交通一号线电表厂站——清滨公园站区间隧道为工程背景,采用数值模拟的方法,利用MIDAS/GTS有限元软件,通过合理的简化和假设,变化各种参数,来研究隧道开挖对邻近地下管线的影响的主要因素及其规律。本文取得的主要内容和成果如下:
(1)总结浅埋暗挖施工基本原理和地下管线的相关知识。
(2)探索隧道穿越与之垂直的地下管线时,管线与隧道的相对位置、管线自身的参数、土质、开挖顺序、开挖进尺对管线变形的影响规律。
(3)探索隧道穿越与之平行的地下管线时,管线与隧道的相对位置、管线自身的参数、土质、开挖顺序、开挖进尺对管线变形的影响规律。
(4)总结隧道施工时邻近管线控制标准,提出地下管线的保护和控制措施。
China’s metro time is coming. The subway engineering will give the city of great economic benefits, social benefits and military benefits, at the same time, cause a series of environment problems on geotechnical engineering. As the urban subway network has kept on improving and the municipal pipeline network gradually complicated, the subway will run through buried pipeline in a variety of ways; tunneling inevitably will trigger disturbance to adjacent underground pipeline, affect its use functions, even cause destruction. Keeping safety of the tunnel and use functions of the pipeline is not only the starting point but also the ultimate goal. If too pushy, the displacement of strata caused by tunnel excavation may harm ground building and underground pipeline, even lead to a catastrophe. If too conservative, no doubt, it will greatly increase needless manpower, material resources. Therefore, further study on the effect of underground pipeline caused by tunnel excavation is very necessary and meaningful.
With the construction of interval tunnel from DIANBIAO FACTORY station to QINGBIN PARK station belong to Harbin Metro Line NO.1 as the background, based on 3D finite element software-MIDAS/GTS, and reasonable simplification and assumptions, this paper uses numerical simulation method, changes various parameters in order to study the influence and discipline of adjacent underground pipeline caused by tunnel excavation. And the main content and achievements are as follows:
1. Sum up the basic principles of mining method and related knowledge about underground pipeline.
2. Study the influenced and discipline of adjacent underground pipeline which run vertically across the tunnel being excavated, through changing all kinds of factors, including relative location between pipeline and tunnel, parameters of the pipeline itself, soil parameters and sequence of excavation.
3. Study the influenced and discipline of adjacent underground pipeline which runs parallel across the tunnel being excavated, through changing factors mentioned above.
4. Sum up the control standards of underground pipeline, monitoring means and control measures.
本文以哈尔滨轨道交通一号线电表厂站——清滨公园站区间隧道为工程背景,采用数值模拟的方法,利用MIDAS/GTS有限元软件,通过合理的简化和假设,变化各种参数,来研究隧道开挖对邻近地下管线的影响的主要因素及其规律。本文取得的主要内容和成果如下:
(1)总结浅埋暗挖施工基本原理和地下管线的相关知识。
(2)探索隧道穿越与之垂直的地下管线时,管线与隧道的相对位置、管线自身的参数、土质、开挖顺序、开挖进尺对管线变形的影响规律。
(3)探索隧道穿越与之平行的地下管线时,管线与隧道的相对位置、管线自身的参数、土质、开挖顺序、开挖进尺对管线变形的影响规律。
(4)总结隧道施工时邻近管线控制标准,提出地下管线的保护和控制措施。
China’s metro time is coming. The subway engineering will give the city of great economic benefits, social benefits and military benefits, at the same time, cause a series of environment problems on geotechnical engineering. As the urban subway network has kept on improving and the municipal pipeline network gradually complicated, the subway will run through buried pipeline in a variety of ways; tunneling inevitably will trigger disturbance to adjacent underground pipeline, affect its use functions, even cause destruction. Keeping safety of the tunnel and use functions of the pipeline is not only the starting point but also the ultimate goal. If too pushy, the displacement of strata caused by tunnel excavation may harm ground building and underground pipeline, even lead to a catastrophe. If too conservative, no doubt, it will greatly increase needless manpower, material resources. Therefore, further study on the effect of underground pipeline caused by tunnel excavation is very necessary and meaningful.
With the construction of interval tunnel from DIANBIAO FACTORY station to QINGBIN PARK station belong to Harbin Metro Line NO.1 as the background, based on 3D finite element software-MIDAS/GTS, and reasonable simplification and assumptions, this paper uses numerical simulation method, changes various parameters in order to study the influence and discipline of adjacent underground pipeline caused by tunnel excavation. And the main content and achievements are as follows:
1. Sum up the basic principles of mining method and related knowledge about underground pipeline.
2. Study the influenced and discipline of adjacent underground pipeline which run vertically across the tunnel being excavated, through changing all kinds of factors, including relative location between pipeline and tunnel, parameters of the pipeline itself, soil parameters and sequence of excavation.
3. Study the influenced and discipline of adjacent underground pipeline which runs parallel across the tunnel being excavated, through changing factors mentioned above.
4. Sum up the control standards of underground pipeline, monitoring means and control measures.
引文
[1]王梦恕.我国城市交通的发展方向[J].铁道工程学报,2003,(01):43-47
[2]李围,何川.地铁车站施工方法综述[J].西部探矿工程,2004(07):109-112
[3]哈尔滨地铁路线规划[EB/OL].?http://baike.baidu.com/view/3438982.htm?
[4] Matros F. Concerning an approximate equation of the subsidence trough and its time factors[C]. International strata control congress. Berlin: Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin,Sektion fur Bergbau, 1958(20):191-205
[5] Peck R B. Deep excavations and tunneling in soft ground[C]. State of the Art Report,Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering. Sociedad Mexicana de Mecanica de Suelos, A.C, 1969(56):225-290
[6] Clough G W,Schmidt B. Design and performance of excavations and tunnels in soft clay[J]. Soft Clay Engineering, 1974(19):569-634
[7]刘建航,侯学渊.盾构法隧道[M].北京:中国铁道出版社. 1991
[8] Attewell P B, Yeates J, Selby A R. Soil movements induced by tunneling and the effects on pipelines and structures[J]. London:Blackie and Son, 1981
[9] O,Reilly M P, New B M. Settle ments above tunnels in the UK-their magnitude and prediction[J]. Tunnelling,82, 1982:173-181
[10]近接隧道施工的设计与指南[M].日本铁道综合技术研究所,1987
[11]侯学渊,廖少明.盾构隧道沉降预估[M].地下工程与隧道,1993
[12] Mair R J, Philips R, Schofield, A N, Taylor R N. Application of centrifuge Modeling to the design of tunnels and excavations in soft clay[J]. Proceeding of Symposium on the Application of centrifuge Modeling to Geotechnical Design. 1993:357-380
[13]段光杰.地铁隧道施工扰动对地表沉降和管线变形影响的理论和方法研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2003
[14] Mindlin R D. Stress distribution around a tunnel[J]. Proc ASCE, 1939,65(4):619-642
[15] Mair R J, Taylor R N. Prediction of clay behavior around tunnels using plasticity solutions.Predictive Soil Mechanics[J]. Proceedings of Wroth Memorial Symposium, Oxford, 1992:449-463
[16] Clough G W, Schmidt B. Design and performance of excavations and tunnels in soft clay[J]. Soft Clay Engineering, 1981:469-483
[17] Sagaseta C. Analysis of undrained soil deformation due to ground loss[J]. Technique, 1987,37(3):301-320
[18] Loganathan N, Poulos H C. Analytical prediction for tunneling-induced ground movements in clays[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 1998,124(9):846-856
[19] Vermijt A, Booker J R. Surface settlements due to deformation of a tunnel in an Elastic half plane[J]. Geotechnique, 1996,46(4):753-756
[20]阳军生,刘宝琛.挤压式盾构隧道施工引起的地表移动及变形[J].岩土力学,1998(03):10-13
[21]韩煊,李宁.隧道开挖不均匀收敛引起地层位移的预测模型[J].岩土工程学报,2006,22(4):369-372
[22]姬永红.隧道施工引起横向地层沉降的随机预测[J].岩土工程技术,2004,14(01):16-18
[23]施成华,彭立敏,刘宝深.浅埋隧道开挖对地表建筑物的影响[z].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(19):3310-3316
[24] Mair R J, Phillips R, Schofield A N, Taylor R N. Application of centrifuge modeling to the design of tunnels and excavations in soft clay[C]. Proceedings of Symposium on Application of Centrifuge Modelling to Geotechnical Design, Manchester, 1984:357-380
[25] Atkinson J H, Potts D M. Subsidence above shallow tunnels in soft round. American Society of Civil Engineers[J], Journal of the eotechnical Engineering Division, 1977:307-325
[26] Corbett I. Load and Displacement Variation along a Tunnel[M]. University of Alberta, Canada, 1984
[27] Imamura S, Hagiwara T, Mito T. Settlement trough above a model shield observed in a centrifuge[C]. Centrifuge 98, Tokyo, 1998:713-719
[28] Wu B R, Chiou S Y, Lee C J. Soil movements around parallel tunnels in soft ground[C]. Centrifuge 98, Tokyo, 1998:739-744
[29]周顺华.城市地铁车站和开挖环境模拟[D].成都:西南交通大学,1996
[30] Ito T, Histake K.隧道掘进引起的二维地面沉陷分析.隧道译丛,1985(9):46-55
[31] Clough G W, Leca E. With focus on use of finite element methods for soft ground tunneling[J]. Review paper in Tunnels, Paris, 1989:531-573
[32] Dasari G R, Raveling C Q Bolton M D. Numerical modeling of a NATM tunnel construction in London Clay[C]. Proceedings of International Symposium onGeotechnical Aspects of Und and Construction in soft, London, 1996:491-496
[33] Lee K M, Rowe R K. Finite element modeling of the three-dimensional ground deformation due to tunneling in soft cohesive soil[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 1990(10):87-109
[34] Lee K M, Rowe R K, Lo K Y. Subsidence owing to tunneling Estimating the gap parameter. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1991(29):929-940
[35] Lee K M, Rowe R K. Analysis of three-dimensional ground movements:the Thunder Bay tunnel[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal. 1992(28):25-41
[36]易宏伟,孙钧.盾构施工对软粘土的扰动机理分析.上海:同济大学学报,1999,28(6):277-281
[37]朱合华,丁文其等.盾构隧道施工过程模拟分析.岩石力学与工程学报,1999(18):860-864
[38] Newmark N W. Problems in wave propagation in soil and rock[C]. Albuquerque, New Mexico, 1967:7-26
[39] Ariman T and Muleske G E. A review of the response of buried pipelines under seismic excitations[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 1981(9):133-151
[40] Signal A C. Behavior of Jointed Ductile Iron Pipelines[J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering,1984,110(2):235—250
[41] Takagi N, Shimamura K, Ishio N. Buried pipe response to adjacent ground movements associated with tunneling and excavations[C]. Ground Movements and Structures Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference.London, Pentech press, 1985
[42]廖少明,刘建航.基坑工程手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997
[43]李昕,周晶,陈健云.考虑土体非线性特性的直埋管道——土体系统的动力反应分析[J].计算力学学报,2001(02):167-172
[44]李大勇,龚晓南,张土乔软土地基深基坑周围地下管线保护措施的数值模拟[J].济南:岩土工程学报,2001(06):736-740
[45]吴波,高波.地铁区间隧道施工对近邻管线影响的三维数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002(S2):2451-2456
[46]蒋正华,吴波.高波地铁区间隧道施工对管线影响的数值模拟[J].现代隧道技术,2003(01):16-20
[47]李大勇,龚晓南软土地基深基坑工程邻近柔性接口地下管线的性状分析[J].土木工程学报,2003(02):77-80
[48]吴小刚,张土乔,张仪萍,李洵.管道埋深对管——土耦合应力的影响规律浅析[J].水利水电科技进展,2003(06):46-64
[49]毕继红,刘伟,江志峰.隧道开挖对地下管线的影响分析[J].岩土力学,2006(08):1317-1321
[50]肖旺辉.隧道盾构对土体变形及地下管线影响的研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2007
[51]吴为义.盾构隧道周围地下管线的性状研究[D].浙江大学,2008
[52]孙宇坤,吴为义,张土乔.管隧平行时地下管线沉降的影响因素分析[J].中国给水排水,2008(10):95-98
[53]韦凯,雷震宇,周顺华.盾构隧道下穿地下管线的变形控制因素分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2008(02):325-330
[54]魏纲,魏新江,裘新谷,姚宁.过街隧道施工对地下管线影响的三维数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009(11):2853-2859
[55]孟海,李杰,陈隽,吴华勇,地下管线——土体动力相互作用试验研究[J].工业建筑,2010(08):91-94
[56]王焕定,王伟.有限元法教程[M].哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2003,9
[57]徐雪燕.高等土力学[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2008,5
[2]李围,何川.地铁车站施工方法综述[J].西部探矿工程,2004(07):109-112
[3]哈尔滨地铁路线规划[EB/OL].?http://baike.baidu.com/view/3438982.htm?
[4] Matros F. Concerning an approximate equation of the subsidence trough and its time factors[C]. International strata control congress. Berlin: Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin,Sektion fur Bergbau, 1958(20):191-205
[5] Peck R B. Deep excavations and tunneling in soft ground[C]. State of the Art Report,Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering. Sociedad Mexicana de Mecanica de Suelos, A.C, 1969(56):225-290
[6] Clough G W,Schmidt B. Design and performance of excavations and tunnels in soft clay[J]. Soft Clay Engineering, 1974(19):569-634
[7]刘建航,侯学渊.盾构法隧道[M].北京:中国铁道出版社. 1991
[8] Attewell P B, Yeates J, Selby A R. Soil movements induced by tunneling and the effects on pipelines and structures[J]. London:Blackie and Son, 1981
[9] O,Reilly M P, New B M. Settle ments above tunnels in the UK-their magnitude and prediction[J]. Tunnelling,82, 1982:173-181
[10]近接隧道施工的设计与指南[M].日本铁道综合技术研究所,1987
[11]侯学渊,廖少明.盾构隧道沉降预估[M].地下工程与隧道,1993
[12] Mair R J, Philips R, Schofield, A N, Taylor R N. Application of centrifuge Modeling to the design of tunnels and excavations in soft clay[J]. Proceeding of Symposium on the Application of centrifuge Modeling to Geotechnical Design. 1993:357-380
[13]段光杰.地铁隧道施工扰动对地表沉降和管线变形影响的理论和方法研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2003
[14] Mindlin R D. Stress distribution around a tunnel[J]. Proc ASCE, 1939,65(4):619-642
[15] Mair R J, Taylor R N. Prediction of clay behavior around tunnels using plasticity solutions.Predictive Soil Mechanics[J]. Proceedings of Wroth Memorial Symposium, Oxford, 1992:449-463
[16] Clough G W, Schmidt B. Design and performance of excavations and tunnels in soft clay[J]. Soft Clay Engineering, 1981:469-483
[17] Sagaseta C. Analysis of undrained soil deformation due to ground loss[J]. Technique, 1987,37(3):301-320
[18] Loganathan N, Poulos H C. Analytical prediction for tunneling-induced ground movements in clays[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 1998,124(9):846-856
[19] Vermijt A, Booker J R. Surface settlements due to deformation of a tunnel in an Elastic half plane[J]. Geotechnique, 1996,46(4):753-756
[20]阳军生,刘宝琛.挤压式盾构隧道施工引起的地表移动及变形[J].岩土力学,1998(03):10-13
[21]韩煊,李宁.隧道开挖不均匀收敛引起地层位移的预测模型[J].岩土工程学报,2006,22(4):369-372
[22]姬永红.隧道施工引起横向地层沉降的随机预测[J].岩土工程技术,2004,14(01):16-18
[23]施成华,彭立敏,刘宝深.浅埋隧道开挖对地表建筑物的影响[z].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(19):3310-3316
[24] Mair R J, Phillips R, Schofield A N, Taylor R N. Application of centrifuge modeling to the design of tunnels and excavations in soft clay[C]. Proceedings of Symposium on Application of Centrifuge Modelling to Geotechnical Design, Manchester, 1984:357-380
[25] Atkinson J H, Potts D M. Subsidence above shallow tunnels in soft round. American Society of Civil Engineers[J], Journal of the eotechnical Engineering Division, 1977:307-325
[26] Corbett I. Load and Displacement Variation along a Tunnel[M]. University of Alberta, Canada, 1984
[27] Imamura S, Hagiwara T, Mito T. Settlement trough above a model shield observed in a centrifuge[C]. Centrifuge 98, Tokyo, 1998:713-719
[28] Wu B R, Chiou S Y, Lee C J. Soil movements around parallel tunnels in soft ground[C]. Centrifuge 98, Tokyo, 1998:739-744
[29]周顺华.城市地铁车站和开挖环境模拟[D].成都:西南交通大学,1996
[30] Ito T, Histake K.隧道掘进引起的二维地面沉陷分析.隧道译丛,1985(9):46-55
[31] Clough G W, Leca E. With focus on use of finite element methods for soft ground tunneling[J]. Review paper in Tunnels, Paris, 1989:531-573
[32] Dasari G R, Raveling C Q Bolton M D. Numerical modeling of a NATM tunnel construction in London Clay[C]. Proceedings of International Symposium onGeotechnical Aspects of Und and Construction in soft, London, 1996:491-496
[33] Lee K M, Rowe R K. Finite element modeling of the three-dimensional ground deformation due to tunneling in soft cohesive soil[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 1990(10):87-109
[34] Lee K M, Rowe R K, Lo K Y. Subsidence owing to tunneling Estimating the gap parameter. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1991(29):929-940
[35] Lee K M, Rowe R K. Analysis of three-dimensional ground movements:the Thunder Bay tunnel[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal. 1992(28):25-41
[36]易宏伟,孙钧.盾构施工对软粘土的扰动机理分析.上海:同济大学学报,1999,28(6):277-281
[37]朱合华,丁文其等.盾构隧道施工过程模拟分析.岩石力学与工程学报,1999(18):860-864
[38] Newmark N W. Problems in wave propagation in soil and rock[C]. Albuquerque, New Mexico, 1967:7-26
[39] Ariman T and Muleske G E. A review of the response of buried pipelines under seismic excitations[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 1981(9):133-151
[40] Signal A C. Behavior of Jointed Ductile Iron Pipelines[J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering,1984,110(2):235—250
[41] Takagi N, Shimamura K, Ishio N. Buried pipe response to adjacent ground movements associated with tunneling and excavations[C]. Ground Movements and Structures Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference.London, Pentech press, 1985
[42]廖少明,刘建航.基坑工程手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997
[43]李昕,周晶,陈健云.考虑土体非线性特性的直埋管道——土体系统的动力反应分析[J].计算力学学报,2001(02):167-172
[44]李大勇,龚晓南,张土乔软土地基深基坑周围地下管线保护措施的数值模拟[J].济南:岩土工程学报,2001(06):736-740
[45]吴波,高波.地铁区间隧道施工对近邻管线影响的三维数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002(S2):2451-2456
[46]蒋正华,吴波.高波地铁区间隧道施工对管线影响的数值模拟[J].现代隧道技术,2003(01):16-20
[47]李大勇,龚晓南软土地基深基坑工程邻近柔性接口地下管线的性状分析[J].土木工程学报,2003(02):77-80
[48]吴小刚,张土乔,张仪萍,李洵.管道埋深对管——土耦合应力的影响规律浅析[J].水利水电科技进展,2003(06):46-64
[49]毕继红,刘伟,江志峰.隧道开挖对地下管线的影响分析[J].岩土力学,2006(08):1317-1321
[50]肖旺辉.隧道盾构对土体变形及地下管线影响的研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2007
[51]吴为义.盾构隧道周围地下管线的性状研究[D].浙江大学,2008
[52]孙宇坤,吴为义,张土乔.管隧平行时地下管线沉降的影响因素分析[J].中国给水排水,2008(10):95-98
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