邯郸市区地下水对混凝土的腐蚀性评价与试验研究
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摘要
目前,地下水对混凝土结构的腐蚀性评价主要基于单因素考虑,腐蚀类型包括分解类、结晶类和结晶分解复合类三类。影响混凝土腐蚀的因素很多,但多因素的腐蚀性评价并不多见。在工程实践中,对地下水腐蚀的岩土工程环境问题还未引起广泛的足够重视。因而,系统地研究地下水对基础混凝土的腐蚀机理、评价方法,以使腐蚀性评价更科学更准确、防腐设计更安全更合理,对提高基础结构的耐久性、延长工程使用寿命具有重大的意义。本文基于邯郸市区地下水腐蚀性问题进行了评价与试验研究。
收集了邯郸市区近期的地下水样化学成分资料,绘制腐蚀单因子等值线图与立体网格线图,分析腐蚀原因,评价腐蚀性,并对腐蚀性进行分区。评价研究表明,邯郸市区内地下水的腐蚀性以SO42-对混凝土的结晶类弱腐蚀为主,但在局部地段同时分布有高等级腐蚀或其它类型的腐蚀。造成这些腐蚀性分布的主要原因是某些企业在生产过程中排放SO42-与Cl-等不良成分而影响地下水的化学成分所致。同时发现,地下水复合离子溶液的腐蚀机理极其复杂,了解腐蚀性离子的相互影响或制约十分必要。因此本文开展了多因素的正交腐蚀试验。
本次正交腐蚀试验的主要目的是根据已知的介质组分分析强势的腐蚀因素组合及其主次关系,并可方便地获得各因素对混凝土的腐蚀影响规律。两组复合腐蚀液的试验结果表明,Cl-和Mg2+为强势腐蚀因素;各腐蚀因子之间均存在交互作用,但交互作用强弱不等。因此,在评价腐蚀效应时应综合考虑各腐蚀因子之间的相关关系。
本文还介绍并论述了地下水腐蚀混凝土的防腐措施。
At present, the corrosion evaluation of groundwater on concrete structures is mainly based on single factor, including decomposition type corrosion, crystal type corrosion and crystallization decomposition composite category corrosion. Many factors affect concrete corrosion, but the corrosion evaluation of multi-factor is not prevalent. In engineering practice it doesn’t pay enough attention to geotechnical engineering environment problems on groundwater corrosion. So, systematic study the corrosion mechanism, evaluation method on groundwater to the basis of concrete, make the corrosion evaluation more scientific and more accurate, the antiseptic safer and more reasonable, it is major significance on improving durability infrastructure and extension of project life. This paper study the problem based on groundwater corrosive of Handan.
Collect groundwater samples chemical composition data of recently Handan City, draw corrosion factor contour map, analysis corrosion reason, evaluate corrosion, and outline the corrosion. Evaluation studies show that groundwater corrosion of concrete mainly on SO42-corrosive weak category to the crystallization in HanDan, but while there are lots of local distribution of high-grade corrosion and other types of corrosion. Corrosion caused these distribution is the main cause that some enterprises in production engineering emissions SO42-and Cl-, and other bad elements affect groundwater chemical composition. It also found that the corrosion mechanism of groundwater complex ions is very complex, it is necessary to know mutual influence and restraint of corrosive ions. So, this paper made orthogonal corrosion test of multi-factor.
The main purpose of corrosion test is to analyse strong corrosion combination of factors and boats relations which based on known media components, and easy access to all the factors on the concrete effects of corrosion. Two composite etched test results show that Cl- and Mg2+ are the strong corrosion factors; There are interactions between every corrosion factor. So, it should consider the relationship of each corrosion factor on evaluation of corrosion effect.
This paper introduce and make protection measures of groundwater corrosion.
收集了邯郸市区近期的地下水样化学成分资料,绘制腐蚀单因子等值线图与立体网格线图,分析腐蚀原因,评价腐蚀性,并对腐蚀性进行分区。评价研究表明,邯郸市区内地下水的腐蚀性以SO42-对混凝土的结晶类弱腐蚀为主,但在局部地段同时分布有高等级腐蚀或其它类型的腐蚀。造成这些腐蚀性分布的主要原因是某些企业在生产过程中排放SO42-与Cl-等不良成分而影响地下水的化学成分所致。同时发现,地下水复合离子溶液的腐蚀机理极其复杂,了解腐蚀性离子的相互影响或制约十分必要。因此本文开展了多因素的正交腐蚀试验。
本次正交腐蚀试验的主要目的是根据已知的介质组分分析强势的腐蚀因素组合及其主次关系,并可方便地获得各因素对混凝土的腐蚀影响规律。两组复合腐蚀液的试验结果表明,Cl-和Mg2+为强势腐蚀因素;各腐蚀因子之间均存在交互作用,但交互作用强弱不等。因此,在评价腐蚀效应时应综合考虑各腐蚀因子之间的相关关系。
本文还介绍并论述了地下水腐蚀混凝土的防腐措施。
At present, the corrosion evaluation of groundwater on concrete structures is mainly based on single factor, including decomposition type corrosion, crystal type corrosion and crystallization decomposition composite category corrosion. Many factors affect concrete corrosion, but the corrosion evaluation of multi-factor is not prevalent. In engineering practice it doesn’t pay enough attention to geotechnical engineering environment problems on groundwater corrosion. So, systematic study the corrosion mechanism, evaluation method on groundwater to the basis of concrete, make the corrosion evaluation more scientific and more accurate, the antiseptic safer and more reasonable, it is major significance on improving durability infrastructure and extension of project life. This paper study the problem based on groundwater corrosive of Handan.
Collect groundwater samples chemical composition data of recently Handan City, draw corrosion factor contour map, analysis corrosion reason, evaluate corrosion, and outline the corrosion. Evaluation studies show that groundwater corrosion of concrete mainly on SO42-corrosive weak category to the crystallization in HanDan, but while there are lots of local distribution of high-grade corrosion and other types of corrosion. Corrosion caused these distribution is the main cause that some enterprises in production engineering emissions SO42-and Cl-, and other bad elements affect groundwater chemical composition. It also found that the corrosion mechanism of groundwater complex ions is very complex, it is necessary to know mutual influence and restraint of corrosive ions. So, this paper made orthogonal corrosion test of multi-factor.
The main purpose of corrosion test is to analyse strong corrosion combination of factors and boats relations which based on known media components, and easy access to all the factors on the concrete effects of corrosion. Two composite etched test results show that Cl- and Mg2+ are the strong corrosion factors; There are interactions between every corrosion factor. So, it should consider the relationship of each corrosion factor on evaluation of corrosion effect.
This paper introduce and make protection measures of groundwater corrosion.
引文
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[8] Daly,Albert F. Modelling of Deterioration in Birdges(1st draft)[M].BRIME,Transport Research Laboratory,1999
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[13] A P Beloudova,S R Krainov,B N Ryzhenko.Evolution of Groundwater Chemical Composition under Human Activity in an Oilfield[J].Environmental Geology,1999⑴:34~46
[14] Wu Xiyong,Wang Ying,Luo Jian.Study of Relationship between Formation of Corrosive Environment Water and Movement Characteristics of Groundwater[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,1998⑷:104~107
[15] Wang Kai.Analysis of Engineering Example of Corrosion From Groundwater to Concrete of Tunnel and Shaft[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,2002⑹:47~52
[16] 杨成田.专门水文地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1981:76~91
[17] Deng M. et al.Deterioration of concrete structures due to alkali- dolomite reaction in China[J].Cement and Concrete Research,Vol. 23:1040~1096
[18] 郭成举译,B. B.金德著.水工建筑物中水泥和混凝土的腐蚀[M].水利电力出版社,1959
[19] Daily S F.Galvanic cathodic protection of reinforced and prestressed concrete using a thermally sprayed aluminum coating[J].Concrete Repair Bulletin,2003(4):12~15
[20] 陈树深.钢筋混凝土腐蚀修复技术研究[J].腐蚀与防护,2005(1):39~41
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[23] 李乃珍,金国萱,刘兰计,王铁军,李启棣,吴树华.抗海水水泥对高浓 SO42-.Mg2+.Cl-的耐腐蚀性能及其机理[J].中国建材科技,1998(5):7~13
[24] 国家技术监督局,中华人民共和国建设部.《工业建筑防腐蚀设计规范》(GB50046-95) [S].北京:中国计划出版社,1995.6~7
[25] 杜洪彦,邱富荣,林昌健.混凝土的腐蚀机理与新型防护方法[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2001(5):156~161
[26] 韩同春,罗健.混凝土腐蚀的热力学条件[J].焦作工学院学报,1997(8):38~41
[27] 韩同春,王海青.热力学在混凝土腐蚀研究中的应用[J].焦作工学院学报,1997(8):65~70
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[32] 蔡应桃.钢筋混凝土的腐蚀与防护[J].全面腐蚀控制,2002(6):18~20
[33] 戴剑锋,刘晓红,郑克宇,龚俊,王青,剡昌锋.盐湖地区混凝土的腐蚀和防治[J].甘肃工业大学学报,2002(6):100~102
[34] 祝永年,沈威,陈志源译. P.梅泰著.混凝土的结构、性质与材料[M].同济大学出版社,1991
[35] 宋振海,卢瑜,刘新民.混凝土及钢筋混凝土腐蚀与耐久性浅谈[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2001(2):19~21
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